1. Subordinating Conjunction

2.  Subordinating Conjunction : Connector
which is used to combine a clause to
another

3. Time
 After = After she graduates, she will get
a job.
 Before = I will have finished this task
before you return from London.
 When = When I arrived, he was talking
on the phone.
 While = While Budiman was in New
York, He wrote daily.

4.  Whenever = Whenever I see her, I say
hello.
 Since = I haven’t seen him since
he left this morning.
 Until = We stayed there until we
finished our work.
 By the time = By the time he arrived, he
had already left.

5. Cause and Effect
 Because = Because he was sleepy,
he went to bed.
 Since = Since she is not
interested in classical
music, she decided not to
go to the concert.
 Now that = Now that he has had the
ticket, he can go to the
concert.

6.  As = As she had nothing in
particular to do, she called
up a friend and ask her if
she wanted to take in a
movie.
 As long as = As long as you are not
busy, could you help me
with this work.
 In as much as = In as much as he two
government leaders could
not each an agreement, the
possibilities for piece are
still remote.

7. Contrast
 Although = although it is late, we will
stay a little longer.
 Whereas = Whereas they have
disobeyed the rule, they
will be punished.
 While = I read the book twice,
while she read it four times.

8. Condition
 If = If I see him, I will invite him to
the party tomorrow.
 Unless = He won’t trust you anymore
unless you change your
bad behavior.
 Only if = She forgives her husband
everything, only if he
would come back to her.

9.  Provided (that)= You will pass the
exam provided that you
study hard.
 In the event = In the event that it
rains, the trip match will
be cancelled.
 Even = He is very friendly even
he is a clever
student.

10. Formula:
 Conjuction S+V Comma (,) S+V
While Jaelani is explaining the lesson to me, Adib is
talking to his friend.
 S+V Conjunction S+V
Jaelani is explaining the lesson to me while Adib is
talking to his friend
 S, Conjunction S+V, V
Adib, while Jaelani is explaining the lesson to me, is
talking to his friend.