This document summarizes various theories of leadership and styles. It discusses trait theory, which focuses on individual leader characteristics. It also describes the managerial grid model and its concern for people and production. Additionally, it covers behavioral theory and contingency theory, which states that leadership behavior depends on situational characteristics. The document outlines three major leadership styles - authoritarian, participative, and delegative - and their characteristics.

1. ORGANIZATIONALBEHAVIOUR
Theories of Leadership and Styles
PRESENTED BY
Shantanu Arora
BC2018049

2. Leadership
Leadership is the art of motivating a group of people to
act towards achieving a common goal.
The process of encouraging and helping others to work
enthusiastically towards objectives.

3. Definition
Leadership is the “process of social influence in which
one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the
accomplishment of a common task.”
M CHEMERS

4. Styles of leadership
The three major styles of leadership are
Authoritarian or Autocratic
Participative or Democratic
Delegative or Free rein
autocratic
democraticFree rein

5. •Autocratic
The authoritarian leader makes decisions alone as power
is centralized in one person. Decisions are enforced
using rewards and the fear of punishment. It is abusive,
unprofessional style called ‘bossing people around.”

6. •Democratic
The participative leader includes one or more employees
in the decision making process. Communication flows
freely, suggestions are made in both directions. The
participation encourages members commitment to the
final decisions.

7. Laissez-Faire
The free-rein leader gives power to subordinates to make
the decisions. However, the leader is still responsible for
the decisions that are made. This is used when
employees are able to analyze the situation. Delegative
style is generally not useful.

8. Theoriesof leadership
Leader
behavior
theory
The
Theories managerial
grid
Contingency
theory
Trait
theory

9. Traittheory
Focuses on individual characteristics of successful
leaders.
Leaders possess a set of traits which make them distinct
from followers.
This theory was common in the military and is still used
as a set of criteria to select candidates for commissions.

10. ManagerialGrid
The managerial grid model was composed of five
different leadership styles.
These styles were a relation between a manager's
concern for people, concern for production and his
motivation.
The motivation dimension really provides the underlying
motive of the leader behind a successful leadership
style.

11. ManagerialGrid
Pro's
Measures your performance
Highly used in today's organizations
Allows for self analysis of leadership style
Con's
Minimal empirical data to support its effectiveness
Doesn't take internal or external variables into
consideration
Doesn't take the work environment into consideration
Flawed Self-assessment

12. Behavioraltheory
Main focus is on behaviors of actual leaders.
Determines how various kinds of specific leaders
behavior affect the performance and satisfaction of
followers.
According to this theory, people can learn to become
leaders through teaching
and observation.
The behavior approach says
that anyone who adopts
the appropriate behavior
can be a good leader.

13. Contingencytheory
Behavior of leader depends upon characteristics of
situation leader is in.
Implies under what conditions will employee oriented
leadership will be effective and under what type of
conditions production oriented leadership be more
effective .
Most popular theories-
1. Fiedler’s theory
2. Path-goal theory
3. Situational leadership theory

14. Qualitiesof aleader
honesty
Good communication skills
Confidence
Inspiration
Positivity
Delegation
Commitment
Humor
Creativity
Intuition