1. .Ascariasis -1 .Babesiosis -11
.strongylosis -2 .Trypanosomiasis -12
.Oxyuriasis -3 .Mange -13
.Habronemiasis -4 .Lice infestation -14
.Onchocerciasis -5 .Tick infestation -15
.Setariosis -6 .Culicoides infestation -16
.Thelaziasis -7 .Musca spp infestation -17
.Lung worm -8 .Stomoxys spp infestation -18
.Cestodes -9 .Hypoderma spp myiasis -19
.Hydatidosis -10 .Gastrophilus spp myiasis -20

2. Ileo- ileal intussusception )arrow 1( with
severe compromise of intussusceptum
)arrow 2(. Heavy ascarid burden

3. Verminous arteritis ) active lesion in Strongylosis )focal infarction in
thoracic aorta(, blood clot adherent ) jejunum
to wall of artery and larva visible ) at
)end of pointer

4. Verminous arteritis )cranial mesenteric Mixed large and small Strongyles,
arteritis(, proliferative reaction which large numbers of pinkish and
contained parasitic ) Strongylus vulgaris( beige parasites on surface of
larvae mucosa
Parasite infarction )of
major mesenteric
artery(, extensive
infarction and
consequent necrosis,
no lumenal distension

5. Verminous arteritis ) lesion in Parasitic infarction )of minor artery
)aortic root in wall of right dorsal colon(, lesion
was due to Strongylus edentatus
Verminous anterior mesenteric
arteritis, in a 6 month old foal.
Distension and thickening of
cranial mesenteric artery with
hemorrhagic thickening of the
vessel wall. Parasitic larvae were
visible embedded in the wall

6. Lesion on perianal skin and
base of tail caused by self
inflicted trauma

7. Enlarged urethral process Gastric form , abscess lesion
due to chronic infection
Granulamatous
lesion on the
leg of 28 days
duration

8. Conjunctival form, characteristic Non healing wound , wound
chronic, yellow, granular, ocular healed during winter but required
discharge control of granulation tissues
Lesion in
nasolacrimal
sac

9. Focal inflammatory lesion at
superior limbus )arrow( and
causing conjunctivitis and Cutaneous Onchcerciasis ) Onchocerca
chemosis. Small margin of cervicalis (, annular lesion on head showing
localized interstitial keratits alopecia, scaling and crusting ) 3 month
duration( initially the lesion were poorly
demarcated areas of acute dermatitis with
prominent pruritis

10. Setaria digitata, fine gray white Setaria equi adult worms
parasite in anterior chamber between intestine in the
)arrow(, size of parasite peritoneal cavity
magnified by cornea

11. Thelazia lacrimalis, adult
parasites, appearing singly
and in groups, on surface of
cornea )arrow(. Parasite are
easier to see when mobile

12. Caused by Dictyocaulus arnfeldi
Endoscopic view, most of parasites shown here
are larval forms. This is an exceptional burden
for a horse

13. Removal of parasites revealed extensive
mucosal ulceration and edema in the
underlying cecal mucosa

14. Multiple cyst like lesions attached to liver
capsule, no hepatic parenchyma
involvement

15. Enlarged, pale and flabby Icterus m.m of lips
appearance of heart and
splenomegally )easily
)detached per rectum

16. Dourine, edema of urethral
process, prepuce, penis and
surrounding skin

17. Chorioptic
mange ,extensive,
foul smelling,
exudative and
proliferative,
chronic dermatitis
which had been
present for 4 years
Trombiculidiasis )mite
spp(, head lesion showing
small well defined, circular Chorioptic mange,
alopecia lesions severe pruritis caused
leg stamping and
rubbing with
consequent serum
exudation and matting
over the plantar and
lateral aspect of the
hind cannons and
pasterns

18. Generalized infestation resulting Typical predilection site shown
in a moth - eaten appearance of include face, base of the mane
the winter coat and over lateral thorax. Severe
pruritus resulted in self inflicted
skin excoriation
Adult lice and eggs )nits( are
clearly visible to the naked eyes

19. Tick infestation hypersensitivity,
edema associated with an engorging
Ixodes spp tick above the upper
Severe anemia and
)eyelids )arrow
edema of rectal
mucosa due to heavy
.infestation

20. Cuilcoides
hypersensitivity,
acute tail base
lesions with
excoriation from self
inflicted trauma and
prominent breaking
and rubbing back of Ventral midline dermatitis
the tail hairs at the distinctive small exudative,
base of tail granulomatous papules
associated with edema, alopecia
and severe pruritus. The ventral
midline is the predilection site
for the biting
Culicoides hypersensitivity, chronic
case showing lichenification and
rugae formation with poor hair growth
resulting permanently damaged skin

21. Culicoides hypersensitivity, Typical pattern of lesions
progressive self inflicted due to dorsal biting spp
trauma results in skin over back, wither and
thickening and continued dorsal neck
rubbing and self mutilation
Culicoides hypersensitivity,
continuous attack of
Culicoides spp insects result
in progressive irritation and
intense pruritus, rubbing and
self mutilation. Nodules loss
their character and extensive
dermal ulceration may occur

22. Culicoides
hypersensitivity,
The face and the persistence tail
top of the neck rubbing with loss
)under the mane( of hair and
are the damage to the tail
predilection sites base and
for this species of formation of
midge nodules
hyperkeratinized
skin giving a rat
tail effect
Culicoides hypersensitivity ) sweet itch(
early stage showing papules and nodules
associated with the bites of the prevalent
Culiciodes spp insect. Severe pruritus may
result in nodules becoming abraded and
serum exudation. Note the scrubbed
appearance of the mane

23. Fly damage, massive numbers of flies
in the corner of the eye commonly
cause this physical damage, but in the
early stages swelling and some local
inflammation may be all that is present

24. Stomoxys hypersensitivity, central focus at bite site
)arrow( and surrounding plaque of edema. Some bites in
this case have subsided to a small central focus only
while the more recent show an extensive
hypersensitivity reaction

25. Subcutaneous nodules located over the
withers, shows typical breathing pore of
)third stage larvae )arrow

26. Typical lesion on the Reddish larva and discrete
mucosa of the upper lip areas of inflammation,
caused by the larva swelling and ulceration
associated with previous
attachment sites in the
)stomach )arrow