This document discusses passive design strategies for green buildings. It explains that passive design aims to minimize energy consumption and improve comfort through architectural design that leverages the natural climate and site. Some key passive design elements discussed include building orientation, shading, daylighting, natural ventilation, and space planning. The document emphasizes conducting a passive design analysis early in the process and considering local climate factors like temperature, humidity, solar radiation, wind, and rainfall when selecting appropriate passive strategies. An approach that prioritizes basic design, then natural energies, and finally mechanical systems is recommended to reduce energy requirements.
2. 1
Discuss the basic elements of passive
design
2
Understand how to incorporate passive
design strategies into the building.
3. @VGBC
To reduce the total building energy use through taking
advantage of the natural climate and site
Prerequisite and Credit
Passive Design
4. An approach to building design that
uses the building architecture to
minimize energy consumption
and
improve thermal comfort (*)
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City of Vancouver – Passive Design Toolkit (*)@VGBC
5. Conduct a Passive Design
Analysis at early stage
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@VGBC
6. Understand local climate
as the basis for determining the
applicability of all
passive design solutions
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@VGBC
7. What climatic factors we should consider
when designing a green building?
By Marco Verch, under CC 2.0@VGBC
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Latitude and Longitude
Season, Topography
Atmospheric circulation
Macroclimate
Effects of water
Climate types:
Cold,
Temperate,
Hot & Dry
Warm/Humid (Vietnam)
@VGBC
12. WHENWHAT WHY HOWWHO
Natural microclimate of
building site caused by the
topography (i.e. presence
of hills, valleys, slopes,
streams and other
features).
Buildings themselves create
microclimates by shading
or drying the ground and
by disrupting the flow of
wind.
The Vietnam Museum of Ethnology@VGBC
13. @VGBC
Temperature
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Heating and Cooling Degree Days calculated with a base temperature of 25°C during 2018
Vietnam Statistics Office and www.degreedays.net
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DegreeDays
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HDD CDD Mean air temperature
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HDD CDD Mean air temperature
Ha Noi Ho Chi Minh
16. @VGBC
Wind
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Iowa Environmental Mesonet
• Wind Rose gives the frequency and direction of wind for a specific location
• Wind effects on buildings: force, heat loss and rain penetration
17. @VGBC
Rainfall
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Vietnam Statistics Office
• Absolute /Relative Humidity
• Both temperature and humidity influence thermal
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19. Consider design technologies and
strategies to optimize the performance
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Massing and Orientation
Shading and Glazing
Space planning
Insulation
Natural Ventilation
Daylighting
Low-impact materials
….
@VGBC
20. What is the tiered approach
to reducing energy requirements?
@VGBC Pou Chen Kindergarten by VTN Architect
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III
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
II
NATURAL ENERGIES
I
BASIC BUILDIND DESIGN
Massing and Orientation
Shading and Glazing
Space planning
Insulation
Daylighting
Natural Ventilation
Trombe Wall
Sunspace
Heating & Cooling Equipment
Renewable Energy
Lighting Equipment
@VGBC Source: Lechner. Heating, Cooling, Lighting
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Massing and Orientation
NZEB & covetool@VGBC
Building massing: choice of the shape
and size of the building.
Considerations
(in hot climates)
Lower ratio of surface area to volume to decrease
heat gains through envelope
Thin buildings with proper orientation for better
daylighting and natural ventilation
Long facades of buildings oriented towards
north-south are recommended
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@VGBC University of Florida Health Jacksonville
Building orientation: the compass
direction the building faces.
Maximize the north and south facades
and minimize solar heat gains.
Massing and Orientation
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@VGBC
(This has suggested overhang dimensions for equator-facing windows for
temperate climates (latitudes 24 to 48 degrees north or south; non-
extreme climates) - Sustainable By Design
North and South orientations
With the sun high in the sky, an
overhang shading device can be
enough to cut all the direct solar heat
gains
East and West orientations
With the sun at low elevations,
overhangs are not suitable to
efficiently cut the direct solar heat
gains.
Source: The Carbon Neutral Design Project
Shading
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@VGBC Viettinbank
Shading
Have the windows on the East and West facades face north or south
27. Concept design – no shading Simple overhangs on each level
& solar fly roof
Overhang, vertical shading fins
& solar fly roof
@VGBC
The shading can help to achieve savings with low-cost glazing.
GOUNH Green One UN House
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Cooling spaces in the North,
or in the center
Locate spaces in their ideal
thermal location
Consider landscaping for
cooling shading
@VGBC City of Vancouver – Passive Design Toolkit
Space planning and landscaping
Heating or un-occupied spaces
in the South or West
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City of Vancouver – Passive Design Toolkit@VGBC
Considerations: the capital cost may be increase, more areas is not usable by occupants
and maintenance activities is required more.
Design a double façades to trap the solar gains,
widen the thermal comfort range.
Buffer spaces
40. @VGBC
KEY INFORMATION
Use fixed overhangs on south-facing glass to control solar radiation
As possible, limit the amount of east and west glass. Provide shading
(full-height louvers or landscaping) the East and West exposures
Consider both shading & daylighting
and massing & orientation simultaneously
Try to avoid using interior shading devices
41. VIETNAM GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, PLEASE CONTACT:
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