2. Topic includes
Publishing and consuming web
services
Define web services
SOAP web services
Characteristic of web services
Advantages of SOAP
SOAP Message
REST based xml services
REST web services
HTTP method of rest web services
Rest based JSON web services
JSON schema
3. Web publishing is the process of publishing
The process includes building and uploading websites,
updating the associated WebPages, and posting content
to these WebPages online.
Web publishing comprises of personal, business, and
community websites in addition to e-books and blogs.
Publishing and consuming
Web services
4. A Web service is a method of communication
between two electronic devices over a network.
It is a software function provided at a network address
over the Web with the service always-on as in the concept
of utility computing.
Many organizations use multiple software systems for
management.
web services
Definition :
5. What is web services?
Services are available in the web.
Communication between the two system over network.
Software system designed to support interoperable
Machine- machine interaction over the network
{w3c definition}.
Real –time Example:
Face book
Google
Twitter
e-commerce sites
6.
7. SOAP provides an envelope to send a web services
messages over the Internet, using the HTTP protocol.
The messages are generally in XML format. In simple
words, SOAP is a technique to send an XML request over
the Internet using HTTP protocol (hitting a URL), and in
return getting an XML response.
SOAP Web services
Simple Object Access Protocol(SOAP)
8. WS Security: SOAP defines its own security known as
WS Security .
Language and Platform independent: SOAP web
services can be written in any programming language and
executed in any platform..
Advantages of Soap Web Services
Advantages :
Dis Advantages :
Slow: SOAP uses XML format that must be parsed to be
read. It defines many standards that must be followed while
developing the SOAP applications. So it is slow and consumes
more bandwidth and resource.
WSDL dependent: SOAP uses WSDL and doesn't have
any other mechanism to discover the service.
9. It is an open standard protocol used in the web service to
communicate via internet.
It is used to broadcast a message over the network.
It is used to call remote procedures and exchange
documents.
It can be used on any platform and can support multi-
languages. So, it is a platform and language independent.
It uses the XML format to send messages over the HTTP
protocol.
The structure of a SOAP message consists of an envelope,
header, and body element.
Characteristic of SOAP
10. The SOAP message contains the following information in
the XML format, as given below.
It contains information about the message structure and
instructions during processing on the network.
The SOAP contains an envelope that represents the
starting and end of the message in the XML format.
In the message, the header is an optional element that
contains application-specific information such as
authentication, authorization, and payment etc.
SOAP message
11. A fault element is an optional element that shows an
error message during the processing of the information.
An Envelope element that identifies the XML
document as a SOAP message.
A Header element that contains header information. A
Body element that contains call and response
Information.
Cont.,
12. The SOAP building block describes what XML data is sent
to the web service and client application.
The following diagram represents the SOAP building block.
SOAP Building Block
13. SOAP Header: It is an optional element in which the
header contains the credentials information such as
authorization, authentication, etc.
Is used during the processing of a SOAP message.
Cont.,
SOAP Envelope: Envelope is used to define the start and
end of the SOAP message.
It contains the details of the SOAP message. It is an
important element of the XML documents.
14. SOAP Fault: The SOAP Fault element is an optional
element used to display an error message encountered
during the transmission of a SOAP message.
It holds the status of SOAP messages and errors.
SOAP Body: It is an important element of the SOAP
message that contains request and response
information in the XML format.
It defines the actual content of the message to be
sent between the client and the web server.
15. Sub Fault Element Description
<faultcode> It is used to identify the fault
code in the SOAP message.
<faultstring> It is used to provide the
human-readable description
of the error.
<faultactor> It is an optional element in the
SOAP Fault that indicate the
fault occurred during
processing if the message.
<detail> It is used to hold the
application-specific status
error of the Body element
16.
17. XML Web services are the fundamental building blocks in
the move to distributed computing on the Internet.
Open standards and the focus on communication and
collaboration among people and applications have created
an environment where XML Web services are becoming the
platform for application integration
REST based XML Web services
REpresentational State Transfer (REST)
18. Applications are constructed using multiple XML Web
services from various sources that work together regardless of
where they reside or how they were implemented.
There are probably as many definitions of XML Web
Service as there are companies building them, but almost all
definitions have these things in common:
Cont.,
XML Web Services expose useful functionality to Web
users through a standard Web protocol.
In most cases, the protocol used is SOAP
19. XML Web services provide a way to describe their
interfaces in enough detail to allow a user to build a client
application to talk to them.
This description is usually provided in an XML document
called a Web Services Description Language (WSDL)
document.
XML Web services are registered so that potential users can
find them easily.
This is done with Universal Discovery Description and
Integration (UDDI).
21. It is an architectural style that provides standards between
computer systems on a web service.
It is a set of constraints used to create a lightweight,
scalable, and maintainable web service that facilitates easy
communication with each other.
All web services are based on the REST; hence it is called
a RESTful service.
REST Web services
22. The purpose of developing a RESTful web service is
to make the web service more effective. The Roy Fielding
develops it in 2000, who also developed the HTTP protocol.
It does not depend on a specific protocol to use, but it's
used HTTP/HTTPS.
23.
24. GET:
It is used to fetch information from the resource server.
POST:
It is used to create or insert new information on the resource
server.
DELETE:
It is used to remove the records or information from the
resource server.
HTTP Method of REST web
service
25. Client-Server
Stateless Server
Cacheable
Uniform Interface
Layered System
Constraint and the Principles of REST
Client-Server Model:
Client: Client machines or users send a special request
to the web server and wait for the web server's response.
Server: Server is the collection of web resources that
provides different services to multiples clients. It receives
multiples requests from the client machines and respons
to that request to the client.
26. Stateless Server: Each request generated from the client-
side to the server should contain all the necessary
information easily understood by the server.
Cache Response: Any response received from the web
server must verify whether the response is cacheable or not.
A cache helps both the clients and the servers response
faster to not generate traffic to the web server.
Cont.,
Layered system : It is used to accommodate extra layers
like proxy servers, firewalls, gateways, and caching system.
27. Uniform Interface: It is the technique that represents how
the REST web service is worked with HTTP protocol.
Resource Identifier - URL/URI
Resource Representation and Manipulation - It defines
which the URL identifies data resources. And that data can be
manipulated directly from the client URL requested to the
Server.
It helps to manage communication between client and
server.
Code on Demand: It is an optional code on-demand
constraints that allow the client to request and execute
the server's code.
28. A Request-Response JSON web service can be used only
in provider mode (where CICS acts as the server).
This scenario is different to that of SOAP web services.
The concept of a RESTful JSON web service is described
more completely in Concepts of RESTful JSON web
services.
REST based JSON Web services
For example, an application might use this facility in order to
generate JSON data to send to a remote JSON web service.
To do this, it must contact the remote JSON web service
using the CICS WEB API.
JavaScript Object Notation(JSON)
29. JSON – What is it?
“JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight
data-interchange format.
This data interchange can happen between two
computer applications at different geographical locations or
running within the same machine.
It is easy to for humans to read and write. It is easy for
Machines to parse and generate”- JSON.org
Importantly : JSON is a subset of JavaScript
30. JSON format is used for serializing and transmitting
structured data over network connection.
It is primarily used to transmit data between a server and
web applications.
Web services and APIs use JSON format to provide public
data. It can be used with modern programming languages.
Cont.,
31. JSON schema
One disadvantage of JSON compared to SOAP is the
difficulty in documenting the structure of a JSON interface.
SOAP web services have the advantage of WSDL
documents, together with XML schemas.
A WSDL document may not be easy to understand, but
there are many tools available to work with WSDL documents.
The nearest equivalent for JSON is the JSON Schema
specification available at http://json-schema.org/.
32. At the time of writing this is a draft specification which is
making its way through the IETF standardization process.
You can use the JSON schema to understand the valid
syntax and content model for a JSON web service that has
been implemented in CICS. T
Cont.,
The JSON schema specification doesn't have the same
tooling ecosystem as the XML schema specification, but a
new generation of JSON tools might emerge to use this
data format.
33. Request-Response
The Request-Response JSON pattern is very similar to
that of SOAP based web services in CICS.
The web service is implemented using a PROGRAM in
CICS.
The PROGRAM has input and output data formats,
described using language structures (such as COBOL
copybooks), and CICS is responsible for transforming
incoming JSON messages into application data, and linking
to the application.
The application returns output data back to CICS, and
CICS transforms this into JSON data to return to the client.
34. It is used while writing JavaScript based applications
that includes browser extensions and websites.
JSON format is used for serializing and transmitting
structured data over network connection.
It is primarily used to transmit data between a server
and web applications.
Web services and APIs use JSON format to provide
public data.
It can be used with modern programming languages.
Uses of JSON
