Meaning, Definition, Factor Theories, Two-Factor Theory, Theory of Primary Mental Abilities, The Structure of Intellect Theory, Process Theories, Multiple Intelligence, Triarchic Theory of Intelligence, Assessment of intelligence, intelligence tests, Raven’s Progressive Matrices, Culture-fair intelligence tests, Extremes of Intelligence, Mental Retardation, Intellectual Giftedness, Triarchic Theory of Giftedness, Characteristics of Giftedness
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
Intelligence
1. INTELLIGENCE
M. Vijayalakshmi
M.Sc., M.Phil. (Life Sciences), M.Ed., M.Phil. (Education), NET (Education), PGDBI
Assistant Professor (Former),
Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Education (Autonomous),
Coimbatore – 641020.
2. INTELLIGENCE
• Mental property that includes many related cognitive
abilities – capacities to reasoning, planning, problems
solving, abstract thinking, comprehending ideas, using
language and learning
• Think rationally, act purposefully and deal effectively
3. MEANING AND DEFINITION
• Latin verb – ‘intelligere’ means ‘to understand’
• American Psychological Association (1995) – Intelligence
are attempts tomclarify and organize the complex set of
phenomena
• Albert Binet – Intelligence is a capacity to think well, to
judge well and to be self critical
• Charles Spearman – Intelligence is a rational thinking
5. TWO-FACTOR THEORY
• g-factor – General intelligence
• s-factor - Specific intelligence
• gFluid intelligence (without
experience) and
• gCrystal intelligence (With
experience)
Two-Factor
Theory
g-factor –
General
intelligence
gFluid
intelligence
gCrystal
intelligence
s-factor -
Specific
intelligence
6. THEORY OF PRIMARY MENTAL ABILITIES
• Word fluency
• Verbal comprehension
• Spatial visualization
• Number facility
• Associative Memory
• Reasoning
• Perceptual Speed
Theory of
Primary
Mental
Abilities
Word
fluency
Verbal
comprehension
Spatial
visualization
Number
facility
Associative
Memory
Reasoning
Perceptual
Speed
7. THE STRUCTURE OF INTELLECT THEORY
• Using all sense
• Convergent (Think
for a final solution)
• Divergent (Thinks of
all possible ways to
reach a solution)
• 150 components
10. THEORY OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE
•Howard Gardner - Seven intelligences
•Multiple Intelligence – Talent in all the
areas
•Gardner first outlined his theory in his
1983 book Frames of Mind
11. o Linguistic-Verbal intelligence – Words, language, and
writing - Writer/journalist, Lawyer, Teacher
o Logical – mathematical intelligence - Analysing problems
and mathematical operations – Scientist, Mathematician,
Computer programmer, Engineer, Accountant
o Musical intelligence - Rhythm and music – Musician,
Composer, Singer, Music teacher, Conductor
12. o Visual-Spatial intelligence - Visual and spatial judgment -
Architect, Artist, Engineer
o Bodily kinesthetic intelligence - Physical movement, motor
control – Dancer, Builder, Sculptor, Actor
o Interpersonal intelligence - Understanding and relating to
other people – Psychologist, Philosopher, Counsellor,
Salesperson, Politician
13. o Intrapersonal intelligence - Introspection and self-
reflection – Philosopher, Writer, Theorist, Scientist
o Naturalistic Intelligence - Finding patterns and
relationships to nature – Biologist, Conservationist,
Gardener, Farmer
o Ninth - “Existentialist intelligence”
14. TRIARCHIC THEORY OF INTELLIGENCE
• Sternberg – Theory of Practical Intelligence
• Information processing approach – Triarchic
Theory of Intelligence
15. TRIARCHIC THEORY OF INTELLIGENCE
Componential Sub-theory – Analytical
intelligence
(Meta-components, Performance components and
Knowledge acquisition components)
Experiential Sub-theory – Creative intelligence
(Insight)
Contextual Sub-theory – Practical intelligence
(Newly learning)
30. MENTAL RETARDATION
(DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITY)
• Mild Mental Retardation - IQ score - 50 to 75
• Moderate Mental Retardation - IQ score - 35 - 55
• Severe Mental Retardation - IQ score - 20 - 40
• Profound Mental Retardation - IQ score - 20 - 25
31. INTELLECTUAL GIFTEDNESS
Definitions of Giftedness
• Motivation, High self-esteem, self concept, creativity
• Joseph Renzuli – Three ring definition of giftedness
Above average ability
High levels of task commitment
High levels of creativity
32. IDENTIFICATION OF THE GIFTED
• Bright – 150+ - One in six
• Moderately Gifted – 130+ - One in 50
• Highly Gifted – 145+ - One in 1000
• Exceptionally Gifted – 160+ - One in 30,000
• Profoundly Gifted – 175+ - One in 3 million
33. SAVANTISM
• People who perform exceptionally in one field
of learning
• Term Introduced in 1978
34. TRIARCHIC THEORY OF GIFTEDNESS
• Knowledge acquisition component (Learn more new
information)
• Sternberg
Component Subtheory – Analytical giftedness
Expereential Subtheory – Synthetic giftedness
Contextual Subtheory – Practical giftedness
35. CHARACTERISTICS OF GIFTEDNESS
• Characteristics of gifted children - high sensitivity, excessive
amounts of energy, boredom and a short attention span
• Characteristics of gifted adolescents – Risk taking, Impatient,
Perfectionist, Competing expectation
• Characteristics of gifted adults - impulsivity, curiosity, high need
for independence, high energy level, introversion, intuitiveness,
emotional sensitivity
36. GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL
INFLUENCES ON INTELLIGENCE
•Genetic Relationships and Intelligence
•Environmental Influences
• Head Start Programs - Low socio economic
status
• Kibbutzim - Israeli farm