Building material and
construction
TILES
Vaibhav Goti
Vikram Dhaker
Ravi Dhaduk
Rahul Singh
Dept. of civil engineering
Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of
Technology, Surat
U14ce070
U14ce071
U14ce072
U14ce073

CONTENT
 Introduction
 Why to choose Tiles??
 How tiles are manufactured?
 Types of Tiles
a. Based on material
b. Based on Application
 Comparison btw Vitrified and Ceramic Tile
 Price range

Introduction
 A tile is a manufactured piece of hard-wearing
material such as ceramic, stone, metal, or
even glass, generally used for covering roofs,
floors, walls, showers, or other objects such as
tabletops.
 Tiles are most often made of ceramic, typically
glazed for internal uses and unglazed for
roofing.
 They can be range from simple square tiles to
complex mosaics.

Why Choose Tiles??
 Low maintenance: Tile can be easily
cleaned, often only with warm water, reduce
the need for chemicals and cleaners needed
to maintain other types of floors.
 Water Resistance : Tiles are waterproof,
making them a perfect choice for swimming
pools, showers, patios, and other wet areas.
 Economic : They are nearly cheap as
compare to other options.

 It Comes in a Variety of Options: When it
comes to finding the right tile flooring, you'll
have a wide range of options in terms of color
and style.

How tiles are manufactured?

Types of Tiles:Based on
application
 There are many types of tiles used for residential and
commercial applications.
1. Roof tiles
2. Floor tiles
3. Pebble tiles
4. Ceiling tiles
5. Wall tiles

Roofing Tiles:
 Roof tiles are designed mainly to keep
out rain, and are traditionally made from
locally available materials such as clay
or slate.
Roofing tiles

Flooring tiles:
 These are commonly made of ceramic or stone.
 Recent technological advances have
resulted in rubber or glass tiles for floors as
well.

Pebble tiles:
 Pebble Tiles is a composite
material made up of marble pebbles or
pieces of natural stone in different sizes,
bound together with a transparent white or
colored resin.

Ceiling tiles
 Ceiling tiles are type of tiles used for covering
ceilings of rooms.
 Suspended ceilings
 Decorative Ceiling Tile

Wall Tiles:
 The concept behind using wall tiles is
decorating the interior of a home without
adding much stuff to the home.

Type of Tiles: Based on material
used
 Tiles can be made from many materials but
the most common of them are
1. Ceramic Tile
2. Vitrified Tile
3. Glass mosaic
4. Stoneware Tile
5. Terracotta Tile

Ceramic Tiles
 A ceramic is an inorganic, non-metallic solid
material.
 Ceramic tile is made up of silica and clays and
once it has been moulded into desired shape
they are then fired in a kiln. When making
ceramic tiles they can either be glazed or
unglazed, but the majority of homeowners
have glazed ceramic tiles in their home.

Vitrified Tiles
 Vitrified tiles are non-glazed tiles. Their
hardness and polish is achieved by virtue of
the pressing together of very hard materials.
 They are extremely strong and durable and
manufactured in such a way that they absorb
negligible amount of water. Vitrified tiles have
a water absorption of < 0.1%.
 Can be available in natural designs

Vitrified Tiles giving same
appearance as granites &
marbles.

Types of Vitrified Tiles
1. Full body
• Color and design is same throughout the tile
• If a tile does chip, the color and design is same
underneath making chip less noticeable

Type of Vitrified Tiles
2. Double Charge tile
• Are variation of full body tiles.
• Layer of design is not throughout but only on
top 3mm to 4mm of the tile.
• It has different face and body.

Glass Mosaic
 These are the tiles made from molten silica
glassy content or by cutting larger glass slabs.
 Mosaic is the art of creating images with an
assemblage of small pieces of colure glass,
stone, or other materials.

Glass mosaic table top

Stoneware Tile
 These are the tiles which are essentially cut-
to-shape products made by cutting & shaping
from processed rocks, stones
etc. Sandstones, slates, granites, marbles,
etc. are a few examples. Porosity of such tiles
depend largely upon the source rock.

Terracotta Tile
 Terracotta clay, a type of earthenware ,is a
clay-based unglazed or glazed ceramic, where
the fired body is porous.
 Terracotta is a brownish –red clay that has
been baked and is used for making things
such as tiles.

Advantage of Vitrified over ceramic
Tiles
 Low in strength and
impact resistance
 Catches stain due to
porosity
 High water absorption
upto
14%
 Non resistance to
temperature changes
 High in strength and
impact resistance
 Water absorption is
less than 0.1%
 Resistance to
temperature
changes
Ceramic Vitrified

Price Range per sq. feet
1. Vitrified tile: Rs 30 to 150
2. Ceramic tile: Rs 15 to 40
3. Glass mosaic: Rs 40 to 1500
4. Terracotta tile: Rs 15 to 20

Thank you