1. Vincent Lefebvre – September 2015
vclefebvre@gmail.com
Source: Appinions, Sept 2015
2. About the Author
• Connecting the world for over 25 years:
• Product development career in the networking industry
• 3Com, Nortel, Motorola…
• Engineering leadership, cross-functional teams, program management
• Technology integration partnerships, partner management
• Partners: Alcatel-Lucent, Brocade, IBM…
• Interested by and advising companies on:
• Embedded systems, IoT platforms
• System architecture – device and ecosystem
More information at http://vclefebvre.workfolio.com
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3. Outline
•What the IoT is
•Why it is emerging now
•When will it be there
•Where it is used
•Who are the players
•How it is implemented
• Challenges
• Impact on businesses
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Source: HP
4. Hype Peak
The Internet of Things
Source: Gartner
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5. Vision & Reality
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Source:
www.iot-a.eu
6. What is the IoT?
The Rise of the Sensors
• Monitoring and control
systems
• Using distributed-
computing
• For data analysis and
distribution
• Applied to many physical
and biological entities
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1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
ValueAdded
Personal Computer
Micro-Controllers
Fixed Internet
Networks & M2M
Mobile Internet
Cloud & BigData
Internet of Things
Low-cost sensors
7. Enablers
A confluence of technology improvements
• Hardware:
Compute power, miniaturization, low power, easier
realization
• Software:
Embedded systems, cloud computing, analytics
• Networking:
Internet, wireless, mobility
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Source: Sanow-tech-graphics
8. • Today: 3 connected devices
per person on earth
• 2020 Gartner-IDC estimates:
• 26-212 billion “things”
• $1.9-$8.9 trillion economic
impact
• Network value =
f( connections2 )
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Source: theconnectivist.com
Market Size
Huge Value Potential
9. Market Segmentation
Every Industry
• Major sectors:
• Consumer
• Commercial
• Transportation
• Industrial
• Infrastructure
• Key verticals of adoption:
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Source: Goldman Sachs
10. Consumer
• Connected homes
• Security
• Energy use
• Smart appliances
• Smart Locks
• Smart Lighting
• Entertainment…
• Wearables:
• Fitness bands
• Action cameras,
• Smart watches,
• Smart glasses,
• Smart fabrics…
9/23/2015 Introduction to the Internet of Things -- Vincent Lefebvre 10Source: Alcatel-Lucent
11. Commercial
• Shopping
• Healthcare
• Remote
monitoring
• Clinical care…
• Building
automation
• Services
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Source: Freescale Semiconductor
Source: Amazon
12. Transportation
• Infotainment
• Navigation
• Safety
• Diagnostics
• Fleet
management
• Energy savings
• Driver coaching
• Compliance…
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Source: Intel
13. Industrial
• Manufacturing
• Resources
• Oil & Gas
• Metals & Mining…
• Safety
• Agriculture…
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Source: GE Reports
Source: Vincent Lefebvre
14. Infrastructure
• Cities
• Traffic
• Lighting
• Parking
• Waste mgt…
• Smart Grid
• Meters
• EV charging…
• Environment
• Water quality
• Pollution…
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Source: Berkeley Lab
15. Ecosystem
No single technology provider can
enable the IoT alone
• Components
• ODMs
• OEMs
• Systems Integrators
• Cloud Services
• Network Services
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Source: IEEE Computer 6/14
18. Business
Architecture
Computing and Data
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InsightDataEventsThings
API API
New
Businesses
• Event-driven and transactional
• Solutions that cross multiple verticals – APIs and developer communities
• Federated data architectures require strong consistency – data semantics
19. • Embedded systems
• Sensors
• Semiconductors
• Boards
• RT software
• Gateways
• Networks
• Data centers
• Data Analysis servers
• Storage
• User control
• Smartphones, tablets, PCs…
• Management and query software
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Source: Plat.One
Physical Components
20. Internet: Web
1000s of bytes
Requires full
Internet devices
TCP
IPv6
Internet of Things:
UDP
6LoWPAN
Optimized
IP access
Device
Layer
Huge overhead,
difficult parsing
Inefficient content
encoding
XML
HTTP
10s of bytes
Efficient
Objects Web Objects
CoAP
TLS DTLS
Efficient Web
Services
Layer
Communication Protocols
Old and New
• Wireless: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Cellular (2/3/4G) , Zigbee, Z-Wave, NFC…
• Transport: IPv6
• Application: CoAP, XMPP, RESTful HTML, MQTT, DDS
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Source:
Sensinode (ARM)
21. Standards & Consortia
Plenty to Choose From!
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Source:
eclipse.org
22. Technology Trends
Innovation Marches On
• Ubiquitous sensors and radios
• Low power & energy harvesting
• Smarter distributed computing
• Fog computing
• Event-driven computing
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Source: MC10
Source: Bosch
Source: fogcomputingexpo.com
23. Barriers to Adoption: Security & Privacy
• Security:
• Service attacks
• Identity & access
management
• Encryption
• Secure updates
• Privacy:
• Minimum data
• Encrypted
• Data ownership
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Source: ForgeRock
24. Barriers to Adoption: Regulations & Standards
• Do Smart Devices Need Regulation?
• Legislators around the world will consider need and extent
• Technology evolution goes much faster
• Country or local decisions – complexity from factory or field SKU configuration
• Several standards will coexist
• Objects will speak in foreign tongues between industry silos
• Translation software services needed to connect silos (gateway, multi-stack)
• Familiar obstacles… (e.g. wireless networking industry)
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25. Transformation
CAUTION: Disruptions!
• Higher efficiency
• New ways of doing things
• Fast pace of change
Benefits and stress
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Source: HBR
28. Take-Aways
Huge Opportunities
• Everything is data…
Every business is becoming an information business
• Lots of activity in progress, even more ahead…
With usual pains and failures of new technology cycles
• With lots of business value to come…
Until the next technology cycle
For further inquiries, please contact:
Vincent Lefebvre, vclefebvre@gmail.com – vclefebvre.workfolio.com
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30. Primary Information Sources
[1] “Imagineering and Internet of Anything”, IEEE Computer, Jun 2014
[2] “Internet of Things, Making SENSE of the next mega-trend”, Goldman Sachs, Jun 2014
[3] “Introducing Azure Stream Analytics”, Microsoft, 2014
[4] “The IoT, an update”, Silicon Valley Bank, Apr 2014
[5] “IoT 2014” report, Copperberg Research,
[6] “Google wants to advance the IoT, offer grants…”, Paul Sawers, venturebeat.com, Dec 2014
[7] “IoT, Demystifying the ecosystem – An investment thesis”, Yashwanth Hemaraj
[8] “ABCs of IoT Consortiums”, Ian Skerrett, Eclipse.org, Dec 2014
[9] “Internet of Things, an industry influence study”, Appinions, Jul 2014
[10] “Android powered IoT”, Alexandru Iovanovici, Politechnica university of Timisoara
[11] “Security in the Internet of Things”, Victor Ake, Forgerock, Nov 2014
[12] “The unbearable lightness of M2M forecasting”, Mac Jadoul, ALU, Dec 2014
[13] “Growth of the IoT”, www.theconnectivist.com/2014/05/infographic-the-growth-of-the-internet-of-things, May 2014
[14] “Developing Solutions for the IoT” , Intel, 2014 – intel.com/iot
[15] “Industrial Internet of Things, Driving unconventional growth”, Accenture, Jan 2015
[16] GE Software
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35. Smart City
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Source: Cisco
Upcoming rain ->
• Schedules adjusted
• Traffic flow optimized
• Road slickness
mitigation
• Street lighting
adjusted…
36. Infrastructure
• Cities
• Traffic
• Lighting
• Parking
• Waste mgt…
• Smart Grid
• Meters
• EV charging…
• Environment
• Water quality
• Pollution…
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Source: Libelium
37. Transportation and Smart Cities
Compound Application Example
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38. GE Examples
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Source: GE Software
Some examples of how the powerful
combination of big machines and big data can
have real world positive influences include:
• Power FlexEfficiency: Uses data sensors
and data science to produce up to 10%
greater turbine power output
• Wind PowerUp: Produces up to 5%
additional power for wind farms
• Flight Efficiency Services: Results in
reductions of up to 1,600 lbs CO2 emission
per flight and gains of up to 2% fuel
efficiency using flight and operational data
• Rail Trip Optimizer: Produces up to 10%
emissions reduction and up to 10% energy
savings with a sophisticated optimization
solution for rail
• Water & Process Technologies
InSight™: Enables industrial companies to
reuse municipal wastewater instead of
fresh water to meet the demand for
cooling
39. The Power of One Percent
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40. IoT Reference Model
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Source: Cisco Systems, IoT World Forum
