1. By :- Akash Gidwani
Bsc. Id 2nd sem.

2. Elements Of Materials
What Is Concrete?
Characteristics of Good Concrete
Types of Concrete
Plain Cement Concrete
Reinforced Cement Concrete
Comparison Between R.C.C. and P.C.C.
Making of Concrete Wall
Thank You

4. • An artificial stone resulting from hardening of a mixture of a binding material, fine aggregate, coarse
aggregate and water in suitable proportions is called concrete.
• When these ingredients are mixed in suitable proportions, they form an easily workable mix, known
as plastic, wet or green concrete.
• Cement and Lime are generally used as binding materials, whereas sand, surkhi, cinder etc. are used
as fine aggregates and crushed stones, gravel, broken bricks, slag, clinkers etc. are used as coarse
aggregates in preparing different types of concrete.

5. Crushing Strength
Durability
Impermeability
Resistance to Abrasion
Resistance to Fire
Workability
Shrinkage
Economical
Appearance

8. • The cement concrete in which no reinforcement is provided is called a plain cement concrete or
mass cement concrete.
• This type of cement concrete is strong in taking compressive stresses but weak in taking tensile or
shear stresses.
• Uses :-
• Used for foundation work
• Used for flooring of buildings

10. • Crushed Stone
• Gravel
• Broken Bricks

12. • The cement concrete in which reinforcement is provided for taking tensile or excessive compressive
and shear stresses is called reinforced cement concrete (R.C.C.).
• Uses:-
• Used for construction of slabs, lintels, beams, columns and their footings, raft or mat
foundations, precast or cast-in-situ concrete piles etc.

13.  The concrete while setting holds the surface of steel bars and thus the concrete is able to transmit
to steel bars those stresses which it cannot resist itself.
 The co-efficient of linear expansion for concrete and steel are approximately equal.Therefore,
internal stresses due to variation of temperature do not set up.
 The surface of steel is protected from corrosion by providing a cover of cement grout.

14.  Its constituents are easily available.
 It can be easily moulded to any desired shape.
 It is quite durable.
 It is impermeable to moisture.
 It is not liable to rot or decay.
 It does not develop cracks.
 It provides monolithic (without joint) construction of structural
members.
 It provides good architectural appearance to the structure.
 The structural members can be made of any desired strength.
 It is economical in ultimate cost since its maintenance cost is practically
nil.

15.  Its initial cost is high.
 It requires skilled supervision and workmanship.
 It involves additional cost of form-work.
 It is heavier than steel construction.

16. BASIS P.C.C. R.C.C.
1. Reinforcement Not provided Provided
2. Durability Less as compared to r.c.c. More durable
3. Tensile or shear stress Not able to bear that Can bear all stress
4. Cost expense Its less costly Its initial cost is high
5. Labourers required Working can be done with
normal workers
Only skilled labourers are
required
6. Uses Foundation and flooring of
buildings
Used most in seismic
zones like earthquake
prone areas etc.