GMOインターネット様発表「OpenStackのモデルの最適化とConoHa, Z.comとGMOアプリクラウドへの適用」 - OpenStack最新情報セミナー 2015年12月

1
OpenStack最新情報セミナー(2015/12/02)
(in サイバーエージェント社セミナールーム)
Naoto Gohko <naoto-gohko@gmo.jp>
IT Architect Enginner / GMO Internet Inc.,
OpenStackのモデルの最適化と適用:
ConoHaとZ.comとGMOアプリクラウド

2
History of our services using OpenStack in GMO Internet Inc.,
Nova-network model and Diablo: Onamae.com VPS
Quantum overlay network: ConoHa Grizzly cluster
High performance network: GMO AppsCloud(Havana)
Juno ConoHa: Regison, Domain, DNS and SDS
Juno GMO AppsCloud: Ironic and copy offload Cinder
Swift cluster (shared from each OpenStack)
# Agenda

3
About GMO Internet
http://gmo.jp/en

5
Using OpenStack at GMO Internet

6
Public Clouds
We are offering four public cloud services.

7
Physical Servers
Running VMPhysical Server
1508
25294
Created VM
Running Infrastructure
137223

8
Swift cluster
GMO Internet, Inc.: VPS and Cloud services
Onamae.com VPS (2012/03) :
http://www.onamae-server.com/
Forcus: global IPs; provided by simple "nova-network"
tenten VPS (2012/12)
http://www.tenten.vn/
Share of OSS by Group companies in Vietnam
ConoHa VPS (2013/07) :
http://www.conoha.jp/
Forcus: Quantam(Neutron) overlay tenant network
GMO AppsCloud (2014/04) : http://cloud.gmo.jp/
OpenStack Havana based 1st region
Enterprise grade IaaS with block storage, object storage,
LBaaS and baremetal compute was provided
Onamae.com Cloud (2014/11)
http://www.onamae-cloud.com/
Forcus: Low price VM instances, baremetal compute and object storage
ConoHa Cloud (2015/05/18) http://www.conoha.jp/
Forcus: ML2 vxlan overlay, LBaaS, block storage, DNSaaS(Designate)
and original services by keystone auth
OpenStack Diablo
on CentOS 6.x
Nova
Keystone
Glance
Nova network
Shared codes
Quantam
OpenStack Glizzly
on Ubuntu 12.04
Nova
Keystone
Glance
OpenStack Havana
on CentOS 6.x
Keystone
Glance
Cinder
Swift
Swift
Shared cluster
Shared codes KeystoneGlance
Neutron
Nova Swift
Baremetal compute
Nova
Ceilometer
Baremetal compute
Neutron LBaaS
ovs + gre tunnel overlay
Ceilometer
Designate
SwiftOpenStack Juno
on CentOS 7.x
NovaKeystone
Glance
Cinder
Ceilometer
Neutron
LBaaS
GMO AppsCloud (2015/09/27) : http://cloud.gmo.jp/
2nd region by OpenStack Juno based
Enterprise grade IaaS with High IOPS Ironic Compute and Neutron LBaaS
Upgrade
Juno
GSLB
Swift
Keystone Glance
CinderCeilometer
Nova
Neutron
Ironic
LBaaS

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OpenStack Diablo cluster:
• Onamae.com VPS

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Oname.com VPS(Diablo)
• Service XaaS model:
– VPS (KVM, libvirt)
• Network:
– 1Gbps
• Network model:
– Flat-VLAN (Nova Network), without floting IP
– IPv4 only
• Public API
– None (only web-panel)
• Glance
– None
• Cinder
– None
• ObjectStorage
– None
OpenStack service: Onamae.com VPS(Diablo)

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Oname.com VPS(Diablo)
• Nova Network:
– very simple(LinuxBridge)
– Flat networking is scalable.
• Only 1 NIC per VM.
• Only 1 Public Network IP
– MQ(rabbitmq) dependency is little(sync. API)
• More scalable than Juno, Kilo, Liberty and Mitaka
• Cloud ?
– Only virtulization management
But
There is no added value, such as a free configuration of the network
OpenStack service: Onamae.com VPS(Diablo)

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OpenStack service: Onamae.com VPS(Diablo) model
compute
vm
compute
NIC NIC
Vlan network
bridge
NIC vlan vlan
tap
vNIC
Vlan network

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OpenStack Grizzly cluster:
• ConoHa

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ConoHa(Grizzly)
– VPS + Private networks (KVM + libvirt)
• Network:
– 10Gbps wired(10GBase-T)
• Network model:
– Flat-VLAN + Quantam ovs-GRE overlay
– IPv6/IPv4 dualstack
• Public API
– None (only web-panel)
• Glance
– None
• Cinder
– None
• ObjectStorage
– Swift (After Havana)
OpenStack service: ConoHa(Grizzly)

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ConoHa(Grizzly)
• Quantam Network:
– It was using the initial version of the Open vSwitch full
mesh GRE-vlan overlay network with LinuxBridge Hybrid
But
When the scale becomes large,
Localization occurs to a specific node
of the communication of the GRE-mesh-tunnel
(with under cloud network(L2) problems)
(Broadcast storm?)
OpenStack service: ConoHa(Grizzly)

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Grizzly network: LibvirtHybridOVSBridgeDriver
OpenStack Docmentより(Nakai san)

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OpenStack Havana cluster:
• GMO AppsCloud

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GMO AppsCloud(Havana)
– KVM compute + Private VLAN networks + Cinder + Swift
• Network:
– 10Gbps wired(10GBase SFP+)
• Network model:
– IPv4 Flat-VLAN + Neutron LinuxBridge(not ML2) + Brocade ADX L4-LBaaS original driver
• Public API
– Provided the public API
• Ceilometer
• Glance
– Provided(GlusterFS)
• Cinder
– HP 3PAR(Active-Active Multipath original) + NetApp
• ObjectStorage
– Swift cluster
• Bare-Metal Compute
– Modifiyed cobbler bare-metal deploy driver.
OpenStack service: GMO AppsCloud(Havana)

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OpenStack service: GMO AppsCloud(Havana) model
compute
vm
NIC
Vlan network
bridge
NIC vlan
tap
vNIC
Vlan network
vNIC
bridge
vlan
tap
compute
NIC
bridge
NIC vlan
bridge
vlan
public network
Neutronだけどsimpleな
LinuxBridge model
(Context Switchが少ない)
>> Game配信など高速用途の
仮想化ネットワーク
それが、GMO AppsCloud

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GMO AppsCloud(Havana) public API

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GMO AppsCloud(Havana) public API
Web panel(httpd, php)
API wrapper proxy
(httpd, php
Framework: fuel php)
Havana
Nova API
Customer sys API
Havana
Neutron API
Havana
Glance API
OpenStack API for
input validation
Customer DB
Havana
Keystone API
OpenStack API
Havana
Cinder API
Havana
Ceilometer API
Endpoint L7:reverse proxy
Havana
Swift Proxy

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Havana: baremetal compute cobbler driver

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Havana: baremetal compute cobbler driver
Baremetal net:
• Bonding NIC
• Taged VLAN
• allowd VLAN + dhcp native VLAN

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Havana: baremetal compute Cisco iOS in southbound
https://code.google.com/p/cisco-ios-cli-automation/

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OpenStack Juno cluster:
• ConoHa (2)
• GMO AppsCloud (2)

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Swift cluster
OpenStack Diablo
on CentOS 6.x
Nova
Keystone
Glance
Nova network
Shared codes
Quantam
OpenStack Glizzly
on Ubuntu 12.04
Nova
Keystone
Glance
OpenStack Havana
on CentOS 6.x
Keystone
Glance
Cinder
Swift
Swift
Shared cluster
Neutron
Nova Swift
Baremetal compute
Nova
Ceilometer
Baremetal compute
Neutron LBaaS
Ceilometer
Upgrade
Juno

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OpenStack Juno cluster:
• ConoHa (2)

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 Multi Region
 SSD Only
 Scalability
 API
 Simple and competitive pricing
# Newly Released ConoHa

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In ConoHa, We added two additional features.
– Multi-location region
– Domain Structure: Application to multi-location region
structure
– 1 Domain == 1 OEM service or Product service
– Domain on API validation wrapper proxy
Multi-Location region and domain structures

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The meaning of the word
• Domain
• Keystone domain
• With v2 API service (our cloud)
• != DNS Domain
• Location
• Different geographic locations on the Earth
• US(San Jose), JP(Tokyo), SG(Singapore)
• Region
• OpenStack region
• Location != Region
• Can setup up multiple Region
in one Location

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Tokyo
Singapore Sanjose
# ConoHa has data centers in 3 Locations

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CentOS 7.1 x86_64 Juno (RDO) Maria DB
Connect to Tokyo KeyStone from All regions.
Add each region endpoints to Tokyo KeyStone.
Did not need to modify OpenStack code.
 OS and OpenStack Versions
 Multi Region Setting
# Specs

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Tokyo Singapole
User/tenant User/tenant
API Management
Keystone API
API Management
Keystone APIAPI Management
Keystone API
Token Token
Tokyo SanJoseSingapore
API Management
Keystone API
API Management
Keystone API
READ/WRIT
E
READ READ
TokenToken Token
Do not
create/delete
users
Do not
create/delete
users
Our Customer base
User administration
# User-registration is possible in Japan only
DB Replication DB Replication
User/tenant User/tenantUser/tenant
R/W R/W

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# Issues and Restrictions on Multi Region
 User-registration is possible in Japan only
 VPN performance issue
 Issues on replicating token table.

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API Management
Keystone API
KeystoneDB
Nova
Neutron Glance
Cinder
OpenStack Cluster
Nova Get/token Glance Get/token
Neutron Get/token Cinder Get/tokenVM Create !
Nova user token:001
Neutron Token:002
Glance Token:003
Cinder Token:004
VM Create !
VM Create !
Nova user token:002
Neutron Token:003
Glance Token:004
Cinder Token:005
Nova user token:006
Neutron Token:007
Glance Token:008
Cinder Token:009
# Bloat access tokens
 Too many tokens will be created from each components.

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Setting example.conf
[keystone_authtoken]
token= 100 year expires token
[neutron_authtoken]
[glance_authtoken]
[cinder_authtoken]
# Issues on replicating token table.
 100 year expires token
We fixed it so that any tokens can be used for each components.

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OpenStack Authentication in Juno
(V2 keystone domains)

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Swift cluster
ConoHa Cloud (2015/05/18) http://www.conoha.jp/
Forcus: ML2 vxlan overlay, LBaaS, block storage, DNSaaS(Designate)
and original services by keystone auth
OpenStack Diablo
on CentOS 6.x
Nova
Keystone
Glance
Nova network
Shared codes
Quantam
OpenStack Glizzly
on Ubuntu 12.04
Nova
Keystone
Glance
OpenStack Havana
on CentOS 6.x
Keystone
Glance
Cinder
Swift
Swift
Shared cluster
Neutron
Nova Swift
Baremetal compute
Nova
Ceilometer
Baremetal compute
Neutron LBaaS
Ceilometer
Designate
SwiftOpenStack Juno
on CentOS 7.x
NovaKeystone
Glance
Cinder
Ceilometer
Neutron
LBaaS
GMO AppsCloud (2015/09/27) : http://cloud.gmo.jp/
2nd region by OpenStack Juno based
Enterprise grade IaaS with High IOPS Ironic Compute and Neutron LBaaS
Upgrade
Juno
GSLB
Swift
Keystone Glance
CinderCeilometer
Nova
Neutron
Ironic
LBaaS

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• The cost to operate Multi version Openstack have
increased
• It is difficult to upgrade or add new features
 Managing multiple sites of OpenStack is a headache.
What’s the problems abount Multi-Cluster?

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ConoHa: based on OpenStack Juno (IaaS)
• Multiple region openstack cluster
• Tokyo / Singapore / San Jose
• ... and so on
• Full SSD storage
• Multiple keystone service domain support
• ConoHa and Next service (now in development) ... OEM etc.
• LB as a Service: LVS-DSR (original)
• DNS as a service : OpenStack Designate
• OpenStack API and additional RESTful API
• Multiple Languages web panel support
• Japanese, ConoHa, English,
Korean, Mandarin Chinese

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• Create scope in the domain
– Scoped items
• Flavor
• Images
• Volume type
– Shared items
• Public Networks
• Hypervisor
• Images (Default domain)
• Using Keystone API v2.0
Motivation

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• We use and customize the code that is in Juno Keystone v3 domain
– Enable Domain ID for Juno Keystone V2 API
• SaaS implementation with python-keystoneclient
– Process related Domain ID
and Data implementation
Domain ID from token API
User:
POST /v2.0/token
Admin(service):
GET /v2.0/token/{id}
Juno Keystone V2 API : Does not support Domains

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Keystone: wrapper proxy at domain specific keystone endpoint
Domains and user prefix namespace
Domain Product Prefix
name space
gnc ConoHa gnc
zjp JP OEM-1 zjp
zsg SG OEM-
1
zsg
... ... OEM-n ... ...
Exp) user: gnc0000348
Image name: gnc_centos7

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We released 2nd service on same Juno infra.
(2015/10/20 ~)
Adding domain(2nd): cloud.z.com

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Diferrent API endpoints in a separate Domain
Multi-Domains and Multi-endpoint

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Endpoint configuration on keystone

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OpenStack Juno: 2 service cluster, released
Mikumo ConoHa Mikumo Anzu
Mikumo = 美雲 =
Beautiful cloud
New Juno region released:
10/26/2015

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• Service model: Public cloud by KVM
• Network: 10Gbps wired(10GBase SFP+)
• Network model:
– Flat-VLAN + Neutron ML2 ovs-VXLAN overlay
+ ML2 LinuxBridge(SaaS only)
• LBaaS: LVS-DSR(original)
• Public API
– Provided the public API (v2 Domain)
• Compute node: ALL SSD for booting OS
– Without Cinder boot
• Glance: provided
• Cinder: SSD NexentaStore zfs (SDS)
• Swift (shared Juno cluster)
• Cobbler deply on under-cloud
– Ansible configuration
• SaaS original service with keystone auth
– Email, web, CPanel and WordPress
• Network model:
– L4-LB-Nat + Neutron ML2 LinuxBridge VLAN
– IPv4 only
• LBaaS: Brocade ADX L4-NAT-LB(original)
• Public API
• Compute node: Flash cached or SSD
• Glance: provided (NetApp offload)
• Cinder: NetApp storage
• Ironic on under-cloud
– Compute server deploy with Ansible config
• Ironic baremetal compute
– Nexsus Cisco for Tagged VLAN module
– ioMemory configuration

54
OpenStack Designate DNSaaS:
ConoHa:
Z.com(OEM):

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Designate DNS: ConoHa cloud(Juno)
Client API
DNS
Identify
Endpoint
Storage
DB
OpenStack
Keystone
Backend
DB
RabbitMQ
Central
Components of the DNS and GSLB(original) back-end services
Application of Designate DNS:
• DNS as a service(tenant)
• Undercloud Infra-network
• No Keystone auth config

56
OpenStack Cinder Block storage:
ConoHa: NexentaStor(SDS)
AppsCloud: NetApp

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Compute and Cinder(zfs): SSD
Toshiba enterprise SSD
• The balance of cost and performance we have taken.
• Excellent IOPS performance, low latency
Compute local SSD
The benefits of SSD of Compute of local storage
• The provision of high-speed storage
than cinder boot.
• It is easy to take online live snapshot of vm instance.
• deployment of vm is fast.
ConoHa: Compute option was modified:
• take online live snapshot of vm instance.
http://toshiba.semicon-storage.com/jp/product/storage-
products/publicity/storage-20150914.html

58
NexentaStor zfs cinder: ConoHa cloud(Juno)
Compute

59
NetApp storage: GMO Appscloud(Juno)
If you are using the same Cluster onTAP NetApp a
Glance and Cinder storage, it is possible to offload
a copy of the inter-service of OpenStack as the
processing of NetApp side.
• Create volume from glance image
((glance the image is converted (ex: qcow2 to raw)
required that does not cause the condition)
• Volume QoS limit: Important function of multi-
tenant storage
• Uppper IOPS-limit by volume

60
OpenStack Ironic:
Only AppsCloud:
• Undercloud Ironic deploy
• Multi-tenant Ironic deploy

61
Ironic with undercloud: GMO Appscloud(Juno)
For Compute server deployment.
Kilo Ironic and All-in-one
• Compute server: 10G boot
• Clout-init: network
• Compute setup: Ansible
Under-cloud Ironic(Kilo):
It will use a different
network and Ironic
Baremetal dhcp for Service
baremetal compute
Ironic(Kilo).
(OOO seed server)
Trunk allowed vlan, LACP

62
Ironic(Kilo) baremetal: GMO Appscloud(Juno)
Boot baremetal instance
• baremetal server
(with Fusion ioMemory SanDisk)
• 1G x4 bonding + Tagged allowed VLAN
• Clout-init: network + lldp
• Network: Nexsus Cisco
Allowd VLAN security
Ironic Kilo + Juno: Fine
• Ironic Python driver
• Whole Image write
• Windows: OK

63
Ironic network multi-tenant separation
for Mitaka
• https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Meetings/Ironic-neutron
• Bare metal physical connectivity scenarios - supported and unsupported
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1a-
DX4FQZoX1SdTOd9w_Ug6kCKdY1wfrDcR3SKVhWlcQ/view?usp=sharing
• サポートされるシナリオが図解されています(Libertyにおけるもの)
• RackspaceのonMetalの実装もLibertyでは特殊な例
• Neutronがtrunk allowed vlan(tagged)を表現できない(in Liberty)
• Mitaka待ち https://etherpad.openstack.org/p/summit-mitaka-ironic
• ThinkITに解説を参照
https://thinkit.co.jp/article/8443
連載: OpenStack Summit Tokyo レポート
Ironic最新動向：待望のマルチテナント対応が視野に。ストレージや運用自動化も進展(2015年11月26日(木))
重松光浩(NTT ソフトウェアイノベーションセンタ), 高田唯子(NEC BI統括ユニット)

64
Ironic network multi-tenant separation: model
• Ironic neutron ML2 driver Integration
https://blueprints.launchpad.net/nova/+spec/ironic-networks-support
• Single port
• LAG port (bonding)
• MLAG port (LACP)
• Trunk and multiple tagged VLAN or VXLAN(本気かどうか?)
• Only support ML2 VLAN tunneling network
• LinuxBridge ML2 VLAN tunnel compute
• ovs ML2 VLAN tunnel compute, ovs ML2 VXLAN tunnel
• GMO AppsCloudのモデルでは、undercloud Ironic, multi-tenent Ironicともに
• MLAG port (LACP)
• Trunk and multiple tagged VLAN + vlan allowed
• Vlan allowedがmulti-tenantのセキュリティ設定の要

65
Ironic network: rackspace onMetal = GMO AppsCloud
for Mitaka
• Vlan aware VMs
• https://blueprints.launchpad.net/neutron/+spec/vlan-aware-vms
• VMの中にtagged vlanが通る
• これと同じようにして、baremetalにもというらしいのだが
• Rackspace OnMetal
• 現実的実装 : https://github.com/rackerlabs/ironic-neutron-plugin
• 製品の説明 : https://www.rackspace.com/knowledge_center/article/create-onmetal-
cloud-servers
• ユーザ目線での情報:
https://major.io/2015/08/21/using-systemd-networkd-with-bonding-on-rackspaces-
onmetal-servers/
• Rackspaceも考えることは一緒だった << bonding + tagged VLAN
• ほぼ、我々と同じような実装

66
• Network model:
– Flat-VLAN + Neutron ML2 ovs-VXLAN overlay
+ ML2 LinuxBridge(SaaS only)
• LBaaS: LVS-DSR(original)
• Public API
– Provided the public API (v2 Domain)
• Compute node: ALL SSD for booting OS
– Without Cinder boot
• Glance: provided
• Cinder: SSD NexentaStore zfs (SDS)
• Cobbler deply on under-cloud
– Ansible configuration
• SaaS original service with keystone auth
– Email, web, CPanel and WordPress
• Network model:
– L4-LB-Nat + Neutron ML2 LinuxBridge VLAN
– IPv4 only
• LBaaS: Brocade ADX L4-NAT-LB(original)
• Public API
• Compute node: Flash cached or SSD
• Glance: provided (NetApp offload)
• Cinder: NetApp storage
• Ironic on under-cloud
– Compute server deploy with Ansible config
• Ironic baremetal compute
– Nexsus Cisco for Tagged VLAN module
– ioMemory configuration

67
OpenStack Swift: shared cluster

68
Swift cluster (Havana to Juno upgrade)
SSD storage:
container/account server
at every zone

69
swift proxy
keystone
OpenStack Swift cluster (5 zones, 3 copy)
swift proxy
keystone
LVS-DSrLVS-DSR HAProxy(SSL)HAProxy(SSL)
Xeon E3-1230 3.3GHz
Memory 16GB
Xeon E3-1230 3.3GHz
Memory 16GB
Xeon E5620 2.4GHz x 2CPU
Memory 64GB
swift objects
swift objects
Xeon E3-1230 3.3GHz
swift account
swift container
Memory 64GB, SSD x 2
swift objects
swift objects
Xeon E3-1230 3.3GHz
swift account
swift container
swift objects
swift objects
Xeon E3-1230 3.3GHz
swift account
swift container
swift objects
swift objects
Xeon E3-1230 3.3GHz
swift account
swift container
swift objects
swift objects
Xeon E3-1230 3.3GHz
swift account
swift container

70
swift objects
swift objects
swift objects
swift objects
swift objects
swift objects
swift objects
swift objects
swift objects
swift objects
swift proxy keystone
Havana AppsCloud
Grizzly ConoHa
Havana
To
Juno
swift account
swift container
swift account
swift container
swift account
swift container
swift account
swift container
swift account
swift container
Juno ConoHa
Juno AppsCloud
Swift cluster: multi-auth and multi-endpoint
Juno Z.com

71
ceilometer-log の一部 (request count)

72
• Juno release swift 2.2 el6 (self build: なんとか作った)
Swift: Havana to Juno upgrade: el6-RPMS build

73
Swift: Junoより先のupgrade
• Kilo以降の開発は確実に python 2.7以降の検証しかされてない
– >> python 2.6で動くかどうかは、確実に機能テストをしてから適用するべき
• Python 2.7 でパッケージ作成も検討
– >> 冗長片系づつ更新するので、問題なさそう (◎: 最有力)
– Python 3.4で動かす意義: asyncio thread (△: Swiftには反映されていない)
• go-lang swiftは?
– Hummingbird swift (go-lang)
– https://github.com/openstack/swift/tree/feature/hummingbird/go
– これまで、Plugin作ったもの>> go-langにする必要が出てくる (△: ここがつらい)

74
Finally:
The GMO AppsCloud in Juno OpenStack it was released on 10/27/2015.
• Deployment of SanDisk Fusion ioMemory by Kilo Ironic on Juno OpenSack I can also.
• Compute server was deployed by Kilo Ironic with under-cloud All-in-One openstack.
Compute server configuration was deployed by Ansible.
• Cinder and Glance was provied NetApp copyoffload storage mechanism.
• LbaaS is Brocade ADX NAT mode original driver.
• Linux Bridge Neutron mode is best performance without L3 switch
On the otherhand; Juno OpenStack ConoHa released on 05/18/2015.
• Designate DNS and GSLB service was started on ConoHa.
• Cinder storage is SDS provied NexentaStor zfs storage for single volume type.
• LBaaS is LVS-DSR original driver.
• ovs-VXLAN overlay Neutron mode is more high degree of freedom.
• And Z.com OEM openstack domain was living together in ConoHa

76
Develop OpenStack related tools
Tool that create Docker host.
Golang
Develop Vagrant provider for ConoHa.
Fix a problem and pull request.
Docker Machine
https://github.com/hironobu-s/vagrant-conoha

77
CLI tool that handle ConoHa specific APIs
Golang
Develop plugin that enable to save media files
to Swift(Object Store)
Develop OpenStack related tools
https://github.com/hironobu-s/conoha-iso
https://wordpress.org/plugins/conoha-object-sync/

GMOインターネット様発表「OpenStackのモデルの最適化とConoHa, Z.comとGMOアプリクラウドへの適用」 - OpenStack最新情報セミナー 2015年12月

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