The High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Transmission Market 2013-2023

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Contents
1. Executive Summary
1.1 The Global HVDC Market Overview
1.2 Benefits of This Report
1.3 Who is This Report For?
1.4 Methodology
1.5 Global HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023
1.6 Regional HVDC Transmission Market Forecasts 2013-2023
2. Introduction to the HVDC Transmission Market
2.1 HVDC Transmission Market Definition
2.2 HVDC Transmission Market Structure Overview
2.3 Types of HVDC Transmission Project
2.4 Brief History of HVDC Transmission
3. Global HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023
3.1 Environmental Considerations
3.2 Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions
3.3 HVDC Circuit Breakers – A HVDC Transmission Game Changer
3.4 HVDC versus Gas Transport Solutions
3.5 Large Scale Solar Integration Possibilities
3.6 Grid Management and Renewables Integration
3.7 Vast Distance Transfers
3.8 Energy Security
3.9 Power Balancing and Investment Decision Vulnerability
3.10 Underground versus Overground
3.11 Global HVDC Transmission Market Drivers & Restraints
3.12 Advantages and Disadvantages of HVDC Transmission
3.12.1 Advantages
3.12.2 Disadvantages
3.13 HVDC Back-to-Back (B2B) Stations
4. Regional HVDC Transmission Markets 2013-2023
4.1 Regional HVDC Transmission Markets Share Forecast 2013-2023
4.2 Barriers to Entry Analysis for Regional HVDC Transmission Markets
4.3 The Asian HVDC Transmission Market 2013-2023
4.3.1 Asian HVDC Transmission Market Drivers & Restraints
4.3.2 Chinese HVDC Outlook
4.3.3 Indian HVDC Outlook
4.3.4 Sri Lankan HVDC Outlook

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4.3.5 South Korean HVDC Outlook
4.3.6 Asian HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction
4.4 European HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023
4.4.1 European HVDC Transmission Market Drivers & Restraints
4.4.2 Southern European Outlook
4.4.3 UK and Ireland Outlook
4.4.4 Western and Central European and Scandinavian Outlook
4.4.5 Desertec and Other HVDC Grid Propositions
4.4.6 European HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction
4.5 North American HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023
4.5.1 North American HVDC Transmission Drivers & Restraints
4.5.2 Canadian HVDC Outlook
4.5.3 US HVDC Transmission Outlook
4.5.4 North American HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction
4.6 South American HVDC Transmission Market 2013-2023
4.6.1 South American HVDC Transmission Drivers & Restraints
4.6.2 South American HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction
4.7 African HVDC Transmission Market 2013-2023
4.7.1 African HVDC Transmission Market Drivers & Restraints
4.7.2 Renewables Potential
4.7.3 North African HVDC Outlook
4.7.4 DRC Hydropower and African Power Demands
4.7.5 Development Finance
4.7.6 African HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction
4.8 South East Asian and Oceanian HVDC Transmission Market 2013-2023
4.8.1 South East Asian and Oceanian HVDC Transmission Drivers & Restraints
4.8.2 South East Asian and Oceanian HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under
Construction
5. PEST Analysis of the HVDC Transmission Market 2013-2023
6. Expert Opinion
6.1 Europacable
6.1.1 Europacable Objectives
6.1.2 Common Points of Contention for the European HVDC Market
6.1.3 Undergrounding
6.1.4 Permitting for HV Cables in Europe
6.1.5 Exciting European HVDC Projects
6.1.6 HVDC Circuit Breaker
6.1.7 Cable Supply Capabilities
6.1.8 Cable Specification Capabilities
6.1.9 Limitation of Investment in Europe
6.1.10 HVDC Market Outside of Europe
6.2 Statnett
6.2.1 Statnett and HVDC

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Contents
6.2.2 Nordic and Northern European HVDC Outlook
6.2.3 Statnett HVDC Capital Expenditure Commitment
6.2.4 Sydvestlinken Project Update
6.2.5 Nordic HVDC Transmission Drivers
6.2.6 Constraints on HVDC Transmission Capital Expenditure
7. Leading Companies in the HVDC Transmission Market
7.1 Leading HVDC Transmission Component Suppliers
7.1.1 ABB Overview
7.1.1.1 Analysis and Future Outlook
7.1.1.2 M&A Activity 2013
7.1.1.3 Regional Emphasis / Focus
7.1.2 Siemens Overview
7.1.2.2 M&A Activity
7.1.3 Alstom Overview
7.2 HVDC Cable Manufacturers
7.2.1 Prysmian Overview
7.2.2 Nexans Overview
7.3 Other Leading Companies in the HVDC Transmission Market
8. Conclusions
8.1 Global HVDC Transmission Market Outlook
8.2 Global HVDC Transmission Drivers & Restraints
8.3 Regional HVDC Transmission Market Forecasts 2013-2023
9. Glossary

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Contents
List of Tables
Table 1.1 Regional HVDC Transmission Market Forecasts Summary 2013, 2018, 2023 (CAPEX ($m), CAGR %)
Table 3.1 Global HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR %, CAGR%, Cumulative)
Table 3.2 Global HVDC Transmission Market Drivers & Restraints
Table 3.3 Back-to-Back HVDC Stations Planned or Under Construction (Name, Location, MW, Commission Date,
Component Supplier)
Table 4.1 Regional HVDC Transmission Markets Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR %)
Table 4.2 Asian HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR %, CAGR%, Cumulative)
Table 4.3 Asian HVDC Transmission Market Drivers & Restraints
Table 4.4 Chinese Electricity Demand (Population, Population Growth Rate,Y-O-Y Electricity Demand Growth,
Economic Growth)
Table 4.5 Indian Electricity Demand (Population, Population Growth Rate,Y-O-Y Electricity Demand Growth,
Economic Growth)
Table 4.6 Asian HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction (Project, Type, HVDC Lead,
Location, Sponsor, Status)
Table 4.7 Asian HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction (Project, Est. Cost ($m),
Voltage (kV), Power Rating (MW), Length (km))
Table 4.8 European HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR %, CAGR%, Cumulative)
Table 4.9 European HVDC Market Drivers & Restraints
Table 4.10 European HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction (Project,Type, HVDC
Lead, Location, Sponsor, Status)
Table 4.11 European HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction (Project, Est. Cost
($m),Voltage (kV), Power Rating (MW), Length (km))
Table 4.12 North American HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR %, CAGR%, Cumulative)
Table 4.13 North American HVDC Transmission Market Drivers & Restraints
Table 4.14 North American HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction (Project,Type,
HVDC Lead, Location, Sponsor, Status)
Table 4.15 North American HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction (Project, Cost
Table 4.16 South American HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR %, CAGR%, Cumulative)
Table 4.17 South American HVDC Transmission Market Drivers & Restraints
Table 4.18 South American HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction (Project,Type,
HVDC Lead, Location, Cost, Sponsor, Status)
Table 4.19 South American HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction (Project, Cost
Table 4.20 African HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR %, CAGR%, Cumulative)
Table 4.21 African HVDC Transmission Market Drivers & Restraints
Table 4.22 African HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction (Project,Type, HVDC
Lead, Location, Cost, Sponsor, Status)
Table 4.23 African HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction (Project, Cost ($m),
Voltage (kV), Power Rating (MW), Length (km))
Table 4.24 South East Asian and Oceanian HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR %, CAGR%,
Cumulative)
Table 4.25 South East Asian and Oceanian HVDC Transmission Market Drivers & Restraints
Table 4.26 South East Asian and Oceanian HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction
(Project,Type, HVDC Lead, Location, Cost, Sponsor, Status)

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Contents
Table 4.27 South East Asian and Oceanian HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under Construction
(Project, Cost ($m),Voltage (kV), Power Rating (MW), Length (km))
Table 5.1 PEST Analysis of the HVDC Transmission Market 2013-2023
Table 7.1 Leading HVDC Transmission Component Suppliers (Rank, Company,Total Revenue, Revenue from HVDC
Transmission ($m), Share of HVDC Projects)
Table 7.2 ABB Overview (Total Revenue 2012, Revenue from Confirmed HVDC Transmission Projects, Share of HVDC
Transmission Projects, HQ,Ticker, IR Contact,Website)
Table 7.3 ABB Confirmed HVDC Transmission Projects (Project,Type, Location, Lead Sponsor, Status)
Table 7.4 ABB Confirmed HVDC Transmission Projects (Project, Estimated Cost ($m),Voltage, Power Rating, Length)
Table 7.5 Siemens Overview (Total Revenue FY2012, Revenue from Confirmed HVDC Transmission Projects, Share of
HVDC Transmission Projects, HQ,Ticker, IR Contact,Website)
Table 7.6 Siemens Confirmed HVDC Transmission Projects (Project,Type, Location, Lead Sponsor, Status)
Table 7.7 Siemens Confirmed HVDC Transmission Projects (Project, Estimated Cost ($m),Voltage, Power Rating,
Length)
Table 7.8 Alstom Overview 2012 (Total Sales 2012-2013 FY, Revenue from Confirmed HVDC Transmission Projects,
Share of HVDC Transmission Projects, HQ,Ticker, IR Contact,Website)
Table 7.9 Alstom Confirmed HVDC Transmission Projects (Project,Type, Location, Lead Sponsor, Status)
Table 7.10 Alstom Confirmed HVDC Transmission Projects (Project, Estimated Cost ($m),Voltage, Power Rating,
Length)
Table 7.11 Prysmian Overview 2012 (Total Company Sales 2012, HQ,Ticker, IR Contact,Website)
Table 7.12 Nexans Overview 2012 (Total Revenue, HQ,Ticker, IR Contact,Website)
Table 7.13 Other Leading Cable and Equipment Manufacturers in the HVDC Transmission Market (Company,
Product/Service)
Table 7.14 Other Leading Stakeholders in the HVDC Transmission Market (Company, Involvement in HVDC
Transmission Market)
Table 8.1 Global HVDC Transmission Market Drivers & Restraints
Table 8.2 Regional Market Forecasts Summary 2013, 2018, 2023, CAPEX ($m), 2013-2023 CAGR (%)
List of Figures
Figure 2.1 Global HVDC Transmission Market Structure Overview
Figure 3.1 Global HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR%)
Figure 3.2 HVDC Transmission Distance Added, China & RoW, Year of Completion 2013-2018 (km)
Figure 3.3 Cost Comparison Relationship HVAC vs. HVDC
Figure 4.1 Regional HVDC Transmission Markets Forecast 2013-2023 ($m)
Figure 4.2 Regional and Global HVDC Markets CAGR% (2013-2018, 2018-2023, 2013-2023)
Figure 4.3 Regional HVDC Transmission Markets Share Forecast 2013 (%)
Figure 4.6 Regional HVDC Transmission Market Share Change, 2013-2023 (%)
Figure 4.7 Regional HVDC Transmission Market Shares, 2013-2023 (%)
Figure 4.8 Barriers to Entry vs. National Market Size vs. CAGR% 2013-2023 ($m, CAGR%)
Figure 4.9 Asian HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR%)
Figure 4.10 Asian HVDC Market Share Forecast 2013, 2018 and 2023 (% Share)
Figure 4.11 HVDC Transmission Distance Added in China (km), Year of Completion, 2013-2018
Figure 4.12 Percentage of HVDC Transmission Added by Distance, China vs. RoW (%)

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Contents
Figure 4.13 Yangtze River Dams Completed, Planned and Under Construction (excluding tributary projects),
(Distance from Mouth (km), Elevation (metres))
Figure 4.14 European HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR %)
Figure 4.15 European HVDC Transmission Market Share Forecast 2013, 2018 and 2023 (% Share)
Figure 4.16 Average HVDC Transmission Cost per km, RoW, EU & Asia ($m)
Figure 4.17 North American HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR %)
Figure 4.18 North American HVDC Market Share Forecast 2013, 2018 and 2023 (% Share)
Figure 4.19 Estimated Levelised 2018 Cost of New Power Generation, US ($/MWh)
Figure 4.20 Map of Hawaii – Channel Depth and Telecommunication Cables
Figure 4.21 South American HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR %)
Figure 4.22 South American HVDC Market Share Forecast 2013, 2018 and 2023 (% Share)
Figure 4.23 African HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR %)
Figure 4.24 African HVDC Market Share Forecast 2013, 2018 and 2023 (% Share)
Figure 4.25 Sub-Saharan GDP Growth Rates, 2005-2011 (% Change)
Figure 4.26 South East Asian and Oceanian HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,AGR %)
Figure 4.27 South East Asian and Oceanian Market Share Forecast 2013, 2018 and 2023 (% Share)
Figure 4.28 Indonesia, Malaysia & Philippines GDP per Capita, Purchasing Power Parity,AGR (%), 2005-2011; GWh
Consumption, 2009
Figure 7.1 Leading Companies in the HVDC Transmission Market
Figure 7.2 HVDC Component Suppliers Share of Confirmed HVDC Transmission Projects (%)
Figure 7.3 HVDC Transmission Project Averages – Cost ($m),Voltage (kV), Power Rating (MW) – by Component
Supplier
Figure 8.1 Regional HVDC Transmission Markets Forecast 2013-2023 ($m)
Figure 8.2 Regional and Global HVDC Markets CAGRs % (2013-2018, 2018-2023, 2013-2023)
Figure 8.3 Regional HVDC Transmission Market Shares, 2013-2023 (%)

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Contents
Companies Mentioned in This Report
50Hertz
ABB
Abengoa Group
Adani Group
Agder Energi
Alstom
AltaLink
Amprion
AMSC
APS Technology Group
Atco Electric
Atlantic Wind Connection
Borealis
Bregal Energy Inc
C-EPRI
China Southern Power Grid Company
Clean Line Energy Partners LLC
C.N.T.E.E.Transelectrica S.A.
Colbun
DEH Quantum Energy
Desertec
Draka
Duke American Transmission Company
E-CO Energi
EDF
EDF Trading
EGL (Elektrizitäts-Gesellschaft Laufenburg)
Egypt Electricity Transmission Company
Eirgrid
Electrabel
Electrical Interconnection Company Colombia-Panama SA
Electricidade de Moçambique (EDM)
Electrobras
Element Power
Elering
Eletronorte
Eletrosul
Elia
Emera
EnBW
ENEL Endesa Group
Energinet.dk
ENL Maritime Link Inc
Eskom
Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation

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Contents
Eurotunnel
Fingrid
Fujikura
Furukawa Electric
Google
Hidroeléctrica De Cahora Bassa
Hudson Transmission Partners, LLC
Invensys
Israel Electric Corporation
KfW
Korea Electronic Power Corporation (KEPCO)
Kraftnat Aland
Lapp
Landsvirkjun
LITGRID
Los Gatos Research
LS Cable & System
Lyse (Lyse Energi)
Manitoba Hydro
Marunbeni Corp.
Mitsubishi Corporation
Moncado Energy Group
Nalcor Energy
National Grid Corp of the Philippines (NGCP)
National Grid (UK)
Nexans
Northeast Utilities
Norte Brasil Transmissora de Energia
Norte Energia consortium
Northern Pass Transmission LLC
NSTAR
Nur Energie
PLN (Perusahaan Listrik Negara)
Polish Transmission System Operator (TSO) PSE Operator S.A
Powergrid Corporation of India
Power-One
PPC Renewables
Prysmian
Red Electrica de España
REN
RTE (Réseau de Transport d'Électricité)
Saudi Electric Company
Scottish Power
Scottish and Southern Energy (SSE)
Siemens
Société Nationale d'Électricité
Sonelgaz

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SNC-Lavalin
State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC)
Statnett
Statoil
Star Capital Partners
STEG (Société Tunisienne de l´Electricité et du Gaz)
Svenska Kraftnät
TenneT B.V.
TERNA
Toshiba
Transcanada Corp
Transelec
Transpower New Zealand
TSO Cyprus
Vattenfall UK
Westcor Company
Government Agencies and Other Organisations Mentioned in This Report
African Development Bank
Alberta Utilities Board
Bonneville Power Administration (BPA)
Bureau of Ocean and Energy Management
Ceylon Electricity Board
Electricity Authority of Cyprus
EIA – US Energy Information Agency
Europacable
German Ministry of Environment
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
MIT – Massachusetts Institute of Technology
National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) – China
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy
Politecnico di Milano
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)
US Department of Energy (DoE)
World Bank

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The High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC)
Transmission Market 2013-2023
4.4.6 European HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or
Under Construction
The below Tables 4.10 and 4.11 detail the HVDC transmission projects that are currently planned
or are in construction within Europe. The status column of Table 4.10 should be regarded as the
most important as it indicates the likelihood of the project preceding and the earliest date of
operation.
Project Underground/
Subsea/
Overground
HVDC Lead
(if
confirmed)
Location Lead Sponsor(s)
(if confirmed)
Status
Albania- Italy
HVDC Link
Underground/
Subsea
- Albania-
Italy
Moncado
Energy Group
On Hold - Denied
Landing Rights in
Italy
Kriegers Flak HVDC Voltage
Source
Convertor
- Baltic Sea Energinet,
50Hertz
Political approval
and consultation
occurred in 2012.
Earliest operation
2016.
Nemo Subsea - Belgium-
UK
National Grid,
Elia
FID to be made in
2013.
Commission
expected 2017/18
Alegro Overground - Belgium-
Germany
Elia Commission
expected in 2017-
2018.
Skagerrak 4 Underground/
Subsea
ABB/
Nexans/
Prysmian
Denmark-
Norway
Stattnet/
Energinet
Commissioning of
project is
scheduled for
2014.
Cobra Subsea - Denmark-
Holland
Energinet,
TenneT
FID due 2014.
Construction is
expected to begin
Table 4.10 European HVDC Transmission Projects & Upgrades Planned or Under
Construction (Project, Type, HVDC Lead, Location, Sponsor, Status)

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4.6 South American HVDC Transmission Market 2013-2023
Table 4.16 and Figures 4.21 and 4.22 show visiongain’s forecast for capital expenditure on HVDC
transmission in South America over the next 10 years.
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2013-23
CAPEX ($m) 885.0 885.0 911.7 1,096.7 991.7 1,019.4 1,051.3 648.0 428.6 477.1 532.9 597.1 8,639.5
AGR 0.0 3.0 20.3 -9.6 2.8 3.1 -38.4 -33.9 11.3 11.7 12.0
2018-23 -10.7
-3.9
3.5CAGR (%) 2013-18
CAGR (%) 2013-23
-50%
-40%
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
AGR
$m
Year
Source: Visiongain 2013
Figure 4.21 South American HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m,
AGR %)
Table 4.16 South American HVDC Transmission Market Forecast 2013-2023 ($m, AGR
%, CAGR%, Cumulative)

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6. Expert Opinion
6.1 Europacable
Marcello Del Brenna is the CEO of Prysmian PowerLink Srl with specific responsibility for HV and
Submarine businesses in the Prysmian Group. He is also a Member of the Europacable Executive
Board and a Chairman of its Utilities Board. He holds a degree in nuclear engineering from the
Politecnico di Milano and has been working at Prysmian since 1993. His positions within the
company ensure that he has developed vast R&D, commercial and international expertise in the
global electrical cabling industry.
He is interviewed here in his role as the Chairman of the Utilities Board of Europacable
(www.europacable.com). The interview took place in June of 2013 and visiongain would like to
thank Mr. Del Brenna for his astute and invaluable remarks.
Europacable is the association that represents and advocates on behalf of approximately 85% of
the European wire and cable industry at the European level. Formed in 1991, the membership
companies provide cables and wiring for an extremely broad range of applications, from energy to
automotive to telecommunications and beyond. It is a champion of its member’s collective interest,
representing them and their products at the European level.
6.1.1 Europacable Objectives
Visiongain: What is the core purpose and current focus of Europacable?
Marcello Del Brenna: Europacable is the association of cable manufacturers in Europe and it
represents a pretty significant percentage of companies that operate in cable manufacturing across
all the cable manufacturing spectrum; so not only transmission cables, but cables for utilities and
for industrial applications, for telecommunications etc. We see it as out main task to provide sound
technical information on our products to all interested parties and to raise the overall visibility of the
wire and cable industry. Our products are key to ensure Europe´s competitiveness in the 21
st
century – and Europacable member companies are the global technology leader in these areas.
There are not many technology sectors left in which Europe can rightly claim such a leadership
role.
If we focus on power transmission, creating a single European electricity market has become one
of the top EU energy policy objectives over the past years. Clearly, electricity and transmission
infrastructure is crucial to achieving this objective. In addition to our concept of partial

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7.2 HVDC Cable Manufacturers
HVDC component suppliers discussed in the above section have the capability to supply the cable
systems needed for HVDC transmission. However, there are a number of companies, from which
two stand out, that have developed as a core business segment the supply of HV cabling. These
two companies, which are also the two largest suppliers of copper and optical fibre cable (speciality
cable) worldwide, are Nexans and Prysmian. Analysis and comparison of these two companies is
an important sub-segment of the HVDC transmission market. They are analysed below by their
total company sales in 2012 (highest first).
7.2.1 Prysmian Overview
Total company sales, 2012 $m $10,465m
Headquarters Milan, Italy
Ticker PRY:MI
IR Contact Luca Caserta
Head of Investor Relations
investor.relations@prysmiangroup.com
+39 02 6449 51400
Website www.prysmian.com
The Prysmian Group is the world’s leading supplier of speciality cables, with sales of $10.45bn in
2012. Its two main business segments are energy and telecommunications cables. The Italian
company attained its number one status following the acquisition of Dutch cable manufacturer
Draka in 2011 and the creation of the Prysmian Group. The acquisition was important in alleviating
pricing pressure within the industry, increasing overall profitability.
The company is focussed on the energy segment of the speciality cabling market. 42 of its 56
plants focus on the manufacture of cables for this market. Capacity for subsea cabling production
is also being increased, with a $53.2m expansion of a Finnish manufacturing facility completed in
2012. Further expansions explicitly for HVDC subsea cabling are planned at its Arco Felice plant in
Southern Italy.
Table 7.11 Prysmian Overview 2012 (Total Company Sales 2012, HQ, Ticker, IR
Contact, Website)

The High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Transmission Market 2013-2023

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The High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Transmission Market 2013-2023