Waihiga is a serial social entrepreneur, accredited digital journalist, and communications expert working to tackle poverty in Africa through social enterprises and stories. They have extensive experience running both online and offline campaigns around issues like ending police brutality, advocating for digital rights, and challenging internet shutdowns in countries like Nigeria, Sudan, and Zambia. The document provides an overview of Waihiga's background and campaigns and outlines some of the key issues, actors, and trends related to internet governance and digital rights in Africa.

1. aihiga
K.
Muturi,Rtn
A serial social entrepreneur,
accredited digital journalist,
communications and media
expert changing the way
Africa tackles Poverty
using Social Enterprises
& Stories.

2. Introduction
Waihiga is a serial social entrepreneur, accredited digital journalist and
mediator, working in the intersect of social entrepreneurship,
communications, media & ICT4D.
A firm believer that "Africa MUST change the way it tackles Poverty", he
is always working on stories and social businesses that are helping
decolonize and bridge opportunities to fit the real African narrative.
As a community leader and youth policy advocate, you can find him
working on Pan-African centered local and global collaborations with
corporates, NGOs and civic societies. Across the sectors of internet
governance, digital rights, the future of work, climate change,
grassroots policy advocacy, citizen and civic education just to name a
few.
I am lways interested in working with people building businesses that
are building Africa and ensuring last-mile impact.

3. CAMPAIGNS
SUMMARY
(+STRATEGY)
OFFLINE
1. Campaign Strategy Training/Facilitator/Host at Rotary Club (2018), Africa Youth for Nature Network (06/19), Transformational Business
Network (03/19), Metropol TV (10/19 to 10/21), Venture Village (02/16 to 10/19), Social Media Reporter (08/17, 08/18, 08/19), Ukweli
Party (08/17), Agano Party (10/13 & 10/17), Hosting Kenya Catalytic Jobs Fund (02/21), Hosting Deputy Head of Mission (05/21), Media.
ONLINE
1. #SwitchOffKPLC (2018 to 2020) – Co-design digital campaign and execute the digital citizen driven advocacy campaign to stop
the corruption and mismanagement of Kenya’s main electricity provider.
2. #HumanityKe (2018 to 2020) – Designed the digital campaign strategy and executed the digital an initiative to advocate for
the human-interest and social justice issues for the bottom of the pyramid in run by Jerotich Seii with additional Kenya pro
bono tech support from 3 other firms. https://humanity.ke/
HYBRID (Both Offline & Online)
1. #EndSARS (Nigeria - 2017-2020), #MahsaAmini (Iran - 2022) and Africans Rising #FreeThemCampaign, AMREF (Africa Health
Dialogues) .
2. Organized, mobilized and contributed to the LGBTQ activists (2018) in the co-creation of the Senegal-based podcast that
tells stories of queer Africans: AfroQueer and their human rights - https://www.noneonrecord.com/afroqueer-podcast/
3. #KYRAfrica (2020 to 2021) – The building and deployment of Africa’s #1 platform providing access to User-friendly,
Affordable justice education and advice on your freedoms and rights. https://kyrafrica.com/
4. The filing of a petition (09/2020) seeking a court declaration that Parliament cannot pass laws to alter the basic structures of
the Kenyan Constitutional foundation: Sovereignty and Supremacy of the Constitution, Executive and Judiciary:
https://twitter.com/TheStarBreaking/status/1306174645821870080?s=08
5. #FindDennisMugambi #StopEnforcedDisappearance #TekelezaKatiba (01/2019) – Organized and helped lead
demonstrations in Githurai over an alleged killing of a youth by the police. https://www.facebook.com/Kiamaiko-
6. #STOPPoliceBrutality - Leading online communities to stand against Police Brutality https://stoppolicebrutalitynow.org/

6. 01
INTRODUCTION
Who is the facilitator and their
profile.
INTERNET GOVERNANCE
What? Who? Why? When?
Where? & How?
DIGITAL RIGHTS
What? Who? Why? When?
Where? & How?
02
03
04
05
06
THREATS
What are the threats towards
Internet Governance & Digital
Threats?
AUDIT & MANAGEMENT
PLAN
WHAT TO DO?
Here you could describe the
topic of the section

7. GENERAL
UNDERSTANDING OF
INTERNET
GOVERNANCE &
DIGITAL RIGHTS
IMPLEMENTATION OF
INTERNET GOVERNANCE
& DIGITAL RIGHTS
ACTORS & INSTITUTIONS
UNDERSTANDING OF
INTERNET GOVERNANCE
& DIGITAL RIGHTS

8. INTERNET GOVERNANCE
(OR DIGITAL POLICY)
1. Refers to the rules, policies, standards
and practices that coordinate and
shape global cyberspace.
2. Refers to the processes that impact
how the Internet is managed.
Source:
1. Technical definition- School of Public Policy, Internet Governance Project (IGP)
2. Simple definition - The Internet Society

9. POLICY TOPICS
Digital Trade
Cybersecurity
Free Expression
Online
IG Institutions
Internet Of Things
(IoT) Internet Identifiers
Geopolitics
of IG
Privacy &
Surveillance

10. Actors and Institutions in Internet Governance
Who actually does Internet governance?
Private Sector
Commercial
Civil Society
Advocacy and
Education
Groups
Technical
Standards and
Resource
Assignment
Organizations
Intergovern-
mental
Organizations
International
Multistakeholder
Forums
National
Governments
(selected)
CERTS and
CSIRTs
Networked
Governance
Initiatives

11. THE FORMS OF INTERNET GOVERNANCE
Governing interactions
through orders or
compulsion by an authority,
such as law enforcement by
a state, a binding treaty, or
the organizational control
of a firm
Hierachies
Driven by private
transactions and the price
mechanism.
Markets
Semi-permanent, voluntary
negotiation systems that
allow interdependent
actors to opt for
collaboration or unilateral
action in the absence of an
overarching authority.
Networks

12. Image courtesy of IGF

13. DIGITAL RIGHTS
(& RESPONSIBILITIES)
1. Refers broadly to human rights in the
digital era and the rights that are
implicated in the access and use of the
internet and other ICTs.
2. Refers to the fundamental human
rights in the digital environment.
Source:
1. Technical definition– International Commissionof Jurists (ICJ Kenya)
2. Simple definition – APC in conjunction with Coco Net

14. DIGITAL RIGHTS
1. Limiting Children's Digital
Rights
2. Social Media Interference
Challenges
1. Right to Freedom of Expression,
Information and Communication
2. Right to Privacy and Data Protection
3. Right to be Forgotten
4. Right to Protection of Minors
5. Right to credit for personal works
6. Right to digital access
7. Right to our identity
Rights

15. DIGITAL RESPONSIBILITIES
1. Responsibility to report bullying,
harassing, sexting, or identity theft
2. Responsibility to cite works used for
resources and researching
3. Responsibility to download music, videos,
and other material legally
4. Responsibility to model and teach
student expectations of technology use
5. Responsibility to keep data/information
safe from hackers
6. Responsibility not to falsify our identity in
any way

20. HOTSPOTS
Misuse of Internet
Governance
Infringement of
Digital rights
498,300,000

21. KEY FINDINGS:
• The biggest offenders: India shut down the internet at least 106 times — making it the world’s
leading offender for the fourth consecutive year — Myanmar shut down the internet 15 or more times,
and Sudan and Iran shut down the internet at least five times each;
Elections and protests were common spurs for shutdowns in Africa, as authorities used them to assert
or maintain control of populations;
• Twelve countries shut down the internet at least 19 times in Africa: Burkina
Faso, Chad, Congo, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, South Sudan, Uganda
and Zambia. With some firsts being in Tanzania Iran and Niger
In Ethiopia, people in the Tigray region have been cut off since November 2020: that’s 18 months and
counting;
• There were important legal actions in Nigeria, Sudan, and Zambia that challenged authorities in their
blocking of social media platforms such as Twitter, and their shutting down of the internet.
• Countries such as Benin and The Gambia, which had previously shut down the internet during key
national events, kept access open during election periods.

22. AUDIT &
MANAGEMENT
PLAN
05

24. SOCIAL
ENGINEERING
Social engineering takes place when an
individual or an automated system
exercises one or more social skills and
manipulative tactics to collect fragments
of information about another individual or
entity to gain an advantage.
• Tailgating • Phishing • Baiting
5.1

25. SECURING
PASSWORDS
A strong password CONSISTS OF:
• UPPERCASE LETTERS
• Numbers (1,2,3..0)
• Spaces
• lowercase letters
• Symbols (~!@#$%^)
• Randomized
Passwords should also have the
following to the extents possible:
• Frequently changed
• Hard to guess
• Randomized
• Different and unique for each account
• Exclusive of names, dates, locations
etc.
Lastly:
• Don’t share your passwords
• Don’t write them down
5.2

26. KEEPING OUR
MACHINES
HEALTHY
Technology is only as good as
the way its user cares for it.
• Removing unnecessary software
• Screen locks and log out
• Physical aspects of digital hygiene e.g. protecting devices from elements.
5.3

33. WHAT TO DO?
In Africa in 2021, only 33%
of the population was
using the internet,
meaning an estimated
871 million people are not
realizing digital dividends.
Capacity Building:
Public Private
Partnership
The vision for a “digital
Africa” can only be
realized if we invest in
indigenous solutions
and workforce to drive
this transformation.
Decolonize digital
rights and bridge
gender apartheid.
Indigenous &
community-driven,
Grassroots and the MDV
groups i.e., women, youth,
persons with disability,
LGBTQ, Feminists
Partnerships
defending DEI
participation

34. TRENDS
1. Digital Identity
2. Cyber Security
3. National Cryptocurrencies
4. The Rise of Govtech Startups
5. Elections in the Digital Elections
6. AI and Automation of Public Services
7. Complexities in the morality and
ethics of Responsible Computer
Science

35. Did you like the resources on this presentation?
Get them from the source.
● https://akademie.dw.com/en/new-paper-bringing-
digital-rights-into-media-and-information-literacy/a-
55911209
● https://www.internetgovernance.org
● www.itrainonline.org – No longer active
● crisinfo.org
● africandigitalrightsnetwork.org
● https://www.accessnow.org/internet-shutdowns-
africa-keepiton-2021/
● https://researchictafrica.net/ria_rap/2015/11/19/interne
t-and-digital-technologies-advancing-or-limiting-
right-to-freedom-of-expression/
● https://digitalfreedomfund.org/decolonising-the-
field-decolonising-ourselves/
● https://africaninternetrights.org/
● https://icj-kenya.org/news/digital-rights-the-
past-the-present-and-the-future/
● https://digitalfreedomfund.org/digital-rights-for-
all/
● What are digital rights? – Coconet
● A guide to the components of digital citizenship.
● This link will help teachers and students with citing
resources properly.
● Lesson plans for teachers targeting digital
citizenship.
● nrs.help
● Courtesy of Bernard Marr
● https://www.internetsociety.org/issues/internet-
way-of-networking/internet-impact-assessment-
toolkit/
RESOURCES

36. CREDITS: This presentation template was created
by Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, and
infographics & images by Freepik.
Do you have any questions?
waihiga@letscreateafrica.com
+254 732 296662
or
+254 708 296662
www.waihigakmuturi.letscreateafrica.com
Thanks!
@waihigakmuturi