Institutional aspects of slum sanitation: implication of multiple actors
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Institutional aspects of slum sanitation: implication of multiple actors
- 1. Institutional aspects of slum sanitation: implication of multiple actors John Bosco ISUNJU UNESCO-IHE, Delft & Makerere University, Kampala
- 3. In the framework of SCUSA project www.unesco-ihe.org/scusa
- 4. Case study: Bwaise III parish, Kampala - Uganda
- 5. Context: Urban poor slum settlement with a mix of tenants and petty landlords
- 6. Specific focus: Human excreta management
- 9. National Water and Sewerage Cooperation (NWSC) – is in charge of Water supply & Sewerage
- 10. Majority (>90%) in peri-urban Kampala use pit latrines
- 11. On-site sanitation is considered a household responsibility
- 12. Kampala City Council (KCC) – monitors, enforces and regulates on-site sanitation
- 15. Water takes a lion's share in the water & sanitation sector
- 17. Unclear boundary lines between public & private roles in slum sanitation
- 18. No specific working urban policy
- 19. MoU between the line ministries does not precisely address the sanitation crisis in slums
- 21. Approaches used by one actor do not necessarily complement those of other actors.
- 22. E.g. Differences in subsidies or terms & conditions of MoUs can impact the market/community attitude
- 23. Politicization of the process, may frustrate the implementation and regulation of desired sanitation improvements
- 24. Majority of slum households are tenants
- 26. landlords construct for tenants shared pit latrines
- 27. The area is prone to flooding
- 28. latrines have to be raised.
- 29. Emptying is mostly do manually and contents buried adjacent to the latrine or in other cases drained into storm drainsRaised pit latrine due to high ground water table
- 30. Map of Bwaise III
- 31. Aerial of Bwaise III (～2,000 households, 40,931 p’ple, 57ha)
- 32. Public latrines in Bwaise III
- 34. Such landlords must have a plot/space that is enough to accommodate a public latrine
- 35. Eligible landlords contribute land (20-35 year period depending on the MoU) and are entitled to a stance in appreciation
- 37. Some landlords intentionally avoid the cost of providing a private latrine on assumption that their tenants would use public ones.
- 38. Often, tenants prioritize other pressing needs for their diminutive resources more than a better latrine