Landmark Law Professional Corporation in Markham, Ontario, Canada provides quality, caring, and affordable legal services for life's important decisions and milestones. If you would like us to present a workshop at your organization or require assistance with your Ontario will or estate plan, please contact us at Support (at) LandmarkLaw (dot) ca or (647) 797-8LAW (8529).

1. Disclaimer
免責聲明
The contents of this presentation is for
information purposes only and does not
provide legal advice or create a lawyer-client
relationship with the viewer.
本簡報內容僅用作提供一般資料給讀者，
一概不屬法律意見，亦不構成任何律師與
委託人的關係。
Copyright 版權 2017 Landmark Law Professional Corporation 陸韻玲律師 1

2. Landmark Law Professional Corporation
Winnie J Luk, Principal Lawyer
Translation: Jasmine Chan
陸韻玲律師
翻譯：陳彥萱
Wills & Estates
遺囑與產業
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3. Overview 概要
• Wills and Powers of Attorney 遺囑和授權書
• Why make a will?
為什麼要立遺囑？
• Major considerations in a will
遺囑主要考慮
• POA of Property and POA of Personal Care
產業授權書和個人護理授權書
• Tax-planning 稅務規劃
• FAQ’s 常見問題
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4. Why make a will?
為什麼要立遺囑？
1. Care for Loved Ones & Honour your Wishes
照顧摯愛和尊重您的意願
• Guardian for children / support for family w special needs
子女監護權 / 支援有特別需要的家庭成員
• No Will = Government Decides
沒有遺囑 ＝ 政府決定
2. Eliminate Burden and Expenses
減低負擔和支出
• Clear Instructions will reduce disputes/litigation
清晰的指示會減低爭議/訴訟的機會
• Reduce administration and possibly Probate Fees
減低行政費，甚或遺產認證費
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5. Major Considerations in a Will
遺囑的主要考慮
• Individual must be of sound mind / No duress or undue influence
當事人必須精神狀況良好/ 沒有受人威逼或不當影響
• Naming Beneficiaries/Guardian/Trustee
列明受益人/監護人/遺囑執行人
• Can be same person(s) acting jointly/severally
可以一人擔任，亦可多人共同/各別擔任
• Only lawsuit will police guardian/trustee
只有訴訟能管控監護人/遺囑執行人
• Distribution of Estate: Simple vs Detailed
產業分佈：簡單和詳細分佈的對比
• Affidavit of Execution and Exhibit Stamp required for probate
遺囑認證需要遺囑執行宣誓書和蓋印
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6. Power of Attorney 授權書
• appointing someone the authority to make decisions on
your behalf while you are alive, especially when you
become mentally incapable
委任另一人，授權他在委託人有生之年代為做決定，
特別在委託人精神上無能力行事時
• “Attorney” does not have to be a lawyer. May be trusted
family member(s) or friend(s); may include substitute.
受權人不一定是律師，可以是一或多名家庭成員，
朋友等，亦可包括替代人
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7. Power of Attorney 授權書
• Attorney’s power could be unlimited or
limited
受權人的權利可以分有限或無限
• No POA = government decides
沒有受權人 ＝ 政府決定
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8. Types of Powers of Attorney
授權書的種類
11. Continuing Power of Attorney for Property (產業持續授權書)
• Appoint attorney to make finance decisions
委任受權人就財務代作決定
• E.g. tax returns, managing bank a/c, investments, real estate, business
例如： 稅務申報 ，管理銀行戶口，投資，產業，生意等等
2. Power of Attorney for Personal Care (aka “Living Will”)
(個人護理授權書)
• Appoint attorney for personal care decisions (eg family member)
委任受權人(一般是親人)就個人護理代作決定
• E.g. health care, nutrition, shelter, clothing, hygiene, and safety
例如：健康，飲食，住宿，衣著，衛生，安全等等
• Decline artificial life support when no hope of recovery
在沒有生存希望的情況下，選擇放棄治療
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9. Estate Administration Taxes
(aka Probate Fees)
產業行政費 （遺囑認證費）
o When will is validated by court (ie to access bank a/c
or title deed), taxes must be paid
當法庭使遺囑生效（即授權查閱銀行帳戶/業權
契據）時，申請人須付相關稅項
Highest in Canada 加拿大最高:
0.5% < $50K estate; 1.5% > $50K estate
若產業少於5萬加幣，行政費0.5%；若產業多於5萬加行
政費1.5%
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10. Estate Administration Taxes
(aka Probate Fees)
產業行政費 （遺囑認證費）
Example 例子：
$1M estate = approx $15K tax
一百萬元加幣的產業 ＝ 大約一萬五千元加幣
稅項
$2M estate = approx $30K tax
二百萬元加幣的產業 ＝ 大約三萬元加幣稅項
$5M estate = approx $75K tax
五百萬元加幣的產業 ＝ 大約七萬五千元加幣
稅項
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11. Common Tax-Planning Strategies
常用的稅務規劃策略
Reduction of Estate Admin Tax (aka Probate Fees)
減低產業行政費有(即遺囑認證費)
Jointly-owned assets (ie bank accounts, property)
共同擁有產業 (如銀行戶口，物業)
Dual Wills (aka Corporate Will)雙重遺囑
o Will #1 is Probated with taxable assets (bank a/c,
title deed)
遺囑 #1 需遺囑認證，包括應課稅產業 (銀行戶口，
業權契據)
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12. Common Tax-Planning Strategies
常用的稅務規劃策略
o Will #2 is not probated with non-taxable assets
(private shares, art, jewellery)
遺囑#2 不需遺囑認證，包括不應課稅產業 (私人股份
, 藝術品, 首飾)
Intervivos Trust for Seniors 長者可以立生前信託
o Estate is legally owned by trust
o 法律上一切產業歸信託管理
o Avoid probate process
o 避免遺囑認證費
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13. Multi-Jurisdictional Estates
跨司法管轄區的產業
• Canadian will does not apply to overseas assets
加拿大法律不適用於海外資產
• Foreign probate fees payable to foreign court
應按當地的遺囑認證費繳付外地法庭
• Recommended to get separate will prepared in
separate jurisdictions
建議在不同司法管轄區立不同遺囑
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14. FAQS 常見問題
• Joint Assets/Beneficiary Designation to avoid probate
避免遺囑認證費： 共同擁有資產/指定受益人
• Protect gifts from conversion to Net Family Property
防止餽贈轉換成淨家庭資產
• Divorce 離婚
• Residence Trust for blended families
混合家庭的居所信託
• Memorandum of wishes 意願備忘錄
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15. Thank You! 謝謝!
Join our Next Seminar: LandmarkLaw.Eventbrite.ca
Or Invite us to Speak at your Organization!
Landmark Law Professional Corporation
T | SMS | Whatsapp: 647 797 8LAW (8529)
93 Worthing Ave, Markham ON L3S 4J9
Winnie@landmarklaw.ca
Copyright 版權 2017 Landmark Law Professional Corporation 陸韻玲律師 15

16. Disclaimer
免責聲明
The contents of this presentation is for
information purposes only and does not
provide legal advice or create a lawyer-
client relationship with the viewer.
本簡報內容僅用作提供一般資料給讀者，
一概不屬法律意見，亦不構成任何律師與
委託人的關係。
Copyright 版權 2017 Landmark Law Professional Corporation 陸韻玲律師 16