Periodization - more than physical?
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This document discusses periodization models in soccer and highlights that periodization should consider more than just the physical demands. It notes that soccer players face complex physiological demands from 200-300 training sessions and 40-70 competitive games each year. It also discusses factors like travel, international duties, and kick-off times that influence demands. The document advocates using a holistic approach to periodization that considers the physical, nutritional, psychological, and recovery needs of players. It provides examples of how each of these areas could be periodized over different phases to support player performance and health.
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Periodization - more than physical?
- 1. Periodization – More than Physical? Andrew Wiseman Head of Performance Utah Royals FC
- 3. Physiological demands on players are complex compared to individual sports These demands can vary based on other variables such as playing style, position, opposition etc 200-300 training sessions & 40- 70 competitive games (BUT this is estimated) Other factors such as, travel, Internationals, kick off times. Players must have a large tool box of physical resources to cope e.g. aerobic, anaerobic, strength, power, speed DEMANDS ON PLAYER
- 4. Relative Contributionof Physical Performance Running Performance Heavily influenced by match status, tactics, style. Losing teams often run more. Success Being fitter / faster may not guarantee success. However, not being fitter / faster may be problematic. Styleof play High intensity/High Press/Fast counter style is more metabolically demanding than possession based game High Intensity Running High intensity running may vary by up to 30%, irrespective of match outcome. Fitness of Players Fitness has clear advantages, but this doesn’t mean players run more if ‘fitter’. Context is key. Physical Capacities Players should be able to cope with game demands to execute tactical roles efficiently & fit with game model.
- 5. ”I think that we can all appreciate the importance of keeping our players fit and healthy. One means of achieving this in our athletes is through the maintenance of a stable and constant training stimulus.” Martin Buchheit, PhD Paris St. Germain FC
- 6. Adapted: (Laursen and Buchheit, 2019)
- 7. DATA GPS TECHNICAL &TACTICAL PERF. ANALYSIS HR / HRV / HRR / HREx WELLNESS RPE/ Diff. RPE CMJ/ NORDBOARD/ GROINBAR
- 11. TRADITIONAL PERIODIZATION MODELS WRITE YOUR SUBTITLE HERE Aroseiev Matveiev Tscheiene Bondarchuk Unity of specialized/ general training, variation of loads, systemic load /load recovery blocks Rhythmic varied training, accumulation/realization, (Pendulum) >80% intensity, minimal diff between training & competitive loads (High load)
- 12. CONTEMPORARY PERIODIZATION MODELS WRITE YOUR SUBTITLE HERE VerheijenBompa Bondarchuk Integrator; Development, maintenance & recovery Training Blocks; Lower volume, more intense specific training Extended Performance; progressive training for peak performance Verkoshansky Seirul-lo Cognitive; Importance of interactions & talent factors Football specific to improve fitness Six Week Model. Frade Tactical; Optimize training for maximum performance while avoiding “overload”.
- 14. The map of reality is not reality. Even the best maps are imperfect. That’s because they are reductions of what they represent “A map is not the territory it represents, but, if correct, it has a similar structure to the territory, which accounts for its usefulness.”
- 15. “What is this? A center for ants??” This scene illustrates the wrong way to understand models: literally!!!
- 17. ‘The dictionary definition states a model is ‘a representation, generally in miniature, to show the construction or appearance of something’ or ‘a simplified description, especially a mathematical one, of a system or process, to assist calculations and predictions.’
- 20. Walker & Hawkins, 2018
- 23. Adapted: (Owen et al., 2014; Gabbett et al., 2008; Halouani et al., 2014; Dellal et al., 2008; Hill-Haas et al., 2009; Little & Williams., 2006)
- 25. EXTERNAL LOAD INTERNAL LOAD EXTERNAL LOAD INTERNAL LOAD FITNESS - FATIGUE PHYSIOLOGICAL BIOMECHANICAL Muscle/Tendon tear Bone fracture Meniscal damage Muscle strain ↑Tendon Stiffness Cartilage Regeneration ↓ Tendon Stiffness Cartilage Degeneration Failure Overload Homeostasis Underload Immuno deficiency Energy depletion Cardiac Hypertrophy Cardiac/Metabolic adaptation Adipose tissue deposit Muscle atrophy Kinetic Energy (Dist., Speed thresholds) Metabolic Power (+Accelerations) Oxygen Uptake VO2 CV Demand (HR, BLa) RPE Joint Load Muscle Load Perceived Soreness RPE Whole body loads Accels / Decels Rate of Acceleration MEASURE MEASURE MEASURE MEASURE Vanrenterghem et al., 2017 @MrWiseyMan
- 28. Acute Impact of hot &hypoxic environmentsduring HIIT WRITE YOUR SUBTITLE HERE ↑BodyTemperature ↑SweatRate ↑HeartRate ↑Discomfort& RPE ↑Glycolysis ↑Muscle Recruitment ↑Int/ ExtLoadRatio ↑HeatShockProteins ↓CentralDrive ↓Plasma Volume ↓RepeatSprintPerformance HYPOXIA Adapted: (Laursen and Buchheit, 2019) HEAT ↑HeartRate ↑Discomfort& RPE ↑Glycolysis ↑Int/ ExtLoadRatio ↑HeatShockProteins ↓CentralDrive ↓Muscle Load& CerebralOxygenation ↓RepeatSprintPerformance
- 29. NUTRITION Do the nutritional demands adequately fit the weekly physical demands? Does the player understand these demands? CHO - periodized in accordance with the goal of the session, the individual athlete & the weekly training schedule. Player maybe fit per se, but are they healthy?
- 30. Maffetone P., & Laursen., P.B, Athletes: Fit but Unhealthy (2016)
- 32. Courtesy of Tom Little
- 34. Courtesy of Tom Little
- 36. RECOVERY -Howdo weknowif players are prepared toperform? Recovery & Fatigue are often spoken about as a single entity – but there are many different sources Environmental Home/personal life, peer pressure, colleagues, media/press Dehydration/Hypothermia Is the player adequately hydrated, heat acclimatization, altitude? Cognitive and Mental Decision making Staleness / burnout MuscularFatigue Neuromuscular, Mechanical, Metabolic (energy utilization, K accumulation, acidosis) Central Fatigue Changes occurring within the nervous system; ANS alterations Reduced Central Drive Adapted: Thorpe, R (2019) @MrWiseyMan
- 38. SLEEP NUTRITION MATCH/TRAINING SLEEP NUTRITION JOINT RANGE OF MOTION REDUCE INFLAMMATION MANIPULATE BLOOD FLOW & INCREASE RANGE OF MOTION PSYCHO- PERCEPTUAL TIMELINE Adapted from Thorpe, R (2019); Bell., P (2017) - There are various recovery strategies, with varying efficacy. - ’Physical’ interventions should be complimentary to BIG ROCKS of sleep & nutrition. - Player monitoring may guide practice & an individualized approach. - Educate & Facilitate! @MrWiseyMan
- 39. PSYCHOLOGICALPERIODISATION – NEWKIDONTHE BLOCK? WRITE YOUR SUBTITLE HERE
- 40. The Principle of Tactical Fatigue &Concentration Adapted from Delgado-Bordonau & Villanueva., 2018 HIGH LEVELS OF CONCENTRATION High levels of concentration from first to last minute of a training session or match provides a high degree of learning LOAD & RECOVERY Optimal relationship between load & recovery (mental & physical) = higher quality actions. TACTICAL THINKING Football Players’ peak performance requires constant concentration, think and decide FAST RELATIVE MAXIMAL INTENSITY Intensity is always maximal in terms of concentration but load & complexity must be adjusted depending on the day.. PRINCIPLESOF PLAY “INTENSITY” is directly related to principles & sub- principles of play, trained through well-designed practice & training sessions TRAINING VARIATIONS The more variations & different information players need to analyze in training the greater the demand and intensity of practice.. @MrWiseyMan
- 41. PERIODIZATION – MORE THAN PHYSICAL? Varying strategies, vary efficacy. Periodization exists here too! Why throw the kitchen sink at recovery? Will this area become more prominent? Mental fatigue throughout the training week? How much information are we ‘overloading’ players with ? Education may be the key factor. Does player understand the demands? Fuel for the demands. Consistent with training & match demands throughout a cycle? CHO periodization? Traditional single sport concepts are they effective? Do we need to rethink? Empirical data? PLAYER @MrWiseyMan
- 43. PHYSICAL Aerobic conditioning Strength / Max Strength Higher volume, lower intensity Pre Season weeks 1-3 GPP Maintain fitness levels Performance peak? 40+ games? Strength & Power COMP Game play, friendlies, in house Specific technical /tactical training Lower volume/ higher intensity Max Strength / Power / Ballistic Pre Season weeks 3-6 Individual maintenance Injury rehab. Individual conditioning Strength Endurance/ Hypertrophy SPP OFF SEASON .
- 44. NUTRITION Increase lean mass/decrease BF Support for recovery between training sessions Targeted low CHO for aerobic training Hydration strategies GPP Pre match / intra match Post match recovery Maintenance of body comp Travel / Hotel / away games Injury / rehab COMP Continue nutritional goals Run through match day nutritional support Same as competition phase. Chance to work on further nutritional goals with player SPP OFF SEASON .
- 45. RECOVERY Potential to remove some strategies to enhance adaptations CWI may be best avoided after resistance training sessions GPP Same as specific phase, Travel, away games, hotels etc COMP Increase recovery between training sessions Recovery post pre season games, CWI, contrast, compression etc Psychological recovery from long season Increase positive mood state Chance to prepare individual for preseason demands SPP OFF SEASON .
- 46. PSYCHOLOGICAL Motivation, pain & fatigue management Self awareness Goal setting, imagery, relaxation Individual techniques GPP Optimal arousal, effective focus, emotional self management Relaxation, attentional focus Promoting uniformity, togetherness, COMP Increased self efficacy, emotional management Learning style awareness Promote contact among players, group discussions, cohesion Effective evaluation & self care Self – identity development New goal setting for new season SPP OFF SEASON .
- 47. "I suppose it is tempting, if the only tool you have is a hammer, to treat everything as if it were a nail." “Remember that all models are wrong; the practical question is how wrong do they have to be to not be useful.”