This document traces the history of electronic tax filing in the United States from 1986, when the IRS first piloted an e-filing program for 1040 tax returns, to 2014, when the IRS approved e-signatures for tax forms. Key developments included the launch of nationwide e-filing in 1990, the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act in 1999 recognizing e-signatures, and mandatory e-filing for tax preparers beginning in 2009. By 2013, over 122 million tax returns were e-filed electronically.