The document provides information on relative clauses:
1) It explains that relative pronouns like who, whom, which, and that refer to the noun before it.
2) It discusses using who for people as subjects, whom for people as objects, and which for things. It notes that 'that' can be used instead.
3) Examples are provided to illustrate using relative pronouns to combine sentences while omitting repeated nouns. Exercises are included for students to practice forming relative clauses.
1. Prepared by Jason WongPrepared by Jason Wong
Relative ClauseRelative Clause
(Revision)(Revision)
2. Relative ClauseRelative Clause
The boy is my brother. Which boy are you
talking about?
He is wearing a cap. Oh I see! The boy who is
wearing a cap is your brother.
3. Relative ClauseRelative Clause
The boyThe boy whowho is wearing a cap is my brother.is wearing a cap is my brother.
What does it refer to?
The relative pronouns (which, who, whom or that) refer to the
noun (or noun phrase) before it.
Are you
talking
about me?
4. Relative ClauseRelative Clause
PeoplePeople who (subject), whom (object)who (subject), whom (object)
ThingsThings whichwhich
We can use ‘that’ instead of ‘who’, ‘whom’We can use ‘that’ instead of ‘who’, ‘whom’
and ‘which’.and ‘which’.
5. Relative ClauseRelative Clause
The ladyThe lady whowho (that) talked to me last night was(that) talked to me last night was
Jenny.Jenny.
Jenny talked to me last night.Jenny talked to me last night.
(Sub.)(Sub.)
The ladyThe lady whomwhom (that) talked to last night(that) talked to last night
was Jenny.was Jenny.
I talked to Jenny last night.I talked to Jenny last night.
(Obj.)(Obj.)
I
6. Relative ClauseRelative Clause
Which relative pronoun should we use?Which relative pronoun should we use?
1.1. The girlThe girl studies French doesn’tstudies French doesn’t
speak Cantonese.speak Cantonese.
2.2. Do you know the manDo you know the man I talkedI talked
to?to?
3.3. It’s a bookIt’s a book will interestwill interest
children of all ages.children of all ages.
who/that
whom/that
which/that
7. Relative ClauseRelative Clause
The students are smart.The students are smart.
They are learning relative clause.They are learning relative clause.
The students are smart.who are learning relative clause
‘who’ is used instead of ‘they’
8. Relative ClauseRelative Clause
Try to connect the sentences by usingTry to connect the sentences by using
relative clause.relative clause.
e.g. The girls annoyed me. They talked tooe.g. The girls annoyed me. They talked too
much.much.
The girlsThe girls who talked too muchwho talked too much annoyed me.annoyed me.
9. Relative ClauseRelative Clause
1.1. The man told me to come back today. He leftThe man told me to come back today. He left
yesterday.yesterday.
2.2. The cute boy is the owner’s son. He works inThe cute boy is the owner’s son. He works in
the shop.the shop.
3.3. The ladder began to slip. I was standing onThe ladder began to slip. I was standing on
it.it.
The man who left yesterday told me to come back today.
The cute boy who works in the shop is the owner’s son.
The ladder which I was standing on began to slip. /
The ladder on which I was standing began to slip. (more
formal)
10. Relative ClauseRelative Clause
Remember! The pronoun refers to the same thing asRemember! The pronoun refers to the same thing as
the relative pronoun does should be omitted.the relative pronoun does should be omitted.
e.g. The girl is my sister. You saw her yesterday.e.g. The girl is my sister. You saw her yesterday.
A: The girl whom you saw her yesterday is my sister.A: The girl whom you saw her yesterday is my sister.
B: The girl whom you saw yesterday is my sister.B: The girl whom you saw yesterday is my sister.
12. ExerciseExercise
The watch is mine. You saw the watch in theThe watch is mine. You saw the watch in the
drawer.drawer.
The girl is my cousin. Ben talked to the girl.The girl is my cousin. Ben talked to the girl.
The watch which (that) you saw in the drawer is mine.
The girl whom (that) Ben talked to is my cousin.
13. The park is beautiful. The park is next to ourThe park is beautiful. The park is next to our
school.school.
The dictionary is useful. I bought theThe dictionary is useful. I bought the
dictionary yesterday.dictionary yesterday.
The park which (that) is next to our school is
beautiful.
The dictionary which (that) I bought yesterday is
useful.
14. The problem is difficult to solve. We areThe problem is difficult to solve. We are
facing the problem.facing the problem.
The problem which (that) we are facing is difficult to
solve.
