4. Assessment & Grading System
1st control test on 7th week (30%)
2nd control test on 12th week (20%)
Student attendance and participation (10%)
Final exam (40%)
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5. What is AutoCAD?
AutoCAD is a CAD (Computer Aided Design or
Computer Aided Drafting) software application
for 2D and 3D design and drafting.
STARTING AutoCAD
learning AutoCAD will give you the basics for
learning other CAD packages because many
commands, terms and concepts are used
universally.
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6. STARTING AutoCAD® 2018
Select the AutoCAD 2018 option on the Program
menu or select the AutoCAD2018 icon on the
Desktop
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7. Note that AutoCAD automatically assigns generic
name, Drawing X, as new drawings are created.
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8. Status Bar and Command Prompt
The Status Bar is the area below the command
line that shows messages as well as coordinates,
modes, and the current time.
To activate SNAP, GRID, ORTHO, OSNAP,
MSPACE, PSPACE, and TILE, you must double-
click on the mode to change.
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9. Menus, Ribbons, and Toolbars
Menu Browser
1. Click the A icon in the upper left corner of the drawing
area.
2. Click the desired menu.
3. Click the command to be executed from the menu
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10. Ribbons
The ribbon provides a single, compact placement for
operations that are relevant to the current workspace.
The ribbon can be displayed horizontally, vertically, or as a
floating palette.
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11. Quick Access Toolbar
Click one of the following icons for quick access to
commands QNEW, OPEN, SAVE, PLOT, and UNDO/REDO.
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12. Pointing Device
Left Mouse Button:
Used to pick or select objects.
1. Click the left mouse button to select an object area in
the drawing.
2. Press ESC twice to deselect an object (or to cancel a
command).
Right Mouse Button:
Used to enter a command, repeat last command, or
access shortcut menus.
Mouse Wheel:
Some point devices such as a mouse have a middle
wheel that can be used to zoom in and out of the drawing
window.
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13. On-Line Help
1- Help, AutoCAD Help. or
2- Click the Help icon. or
3- Type HELP at the command prompt Command: HELP or
4- Press Function Key F1
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14. Introduction to Commands
Creating a New Drawing
1.Click the A icon and New. Or Press CTRL + N or Click
the New icon . Or Type NEW at the Command
prompt. Command: NEW
2. Choose One of the options for creating a new drawing.
3. Click The OK button.
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15. Introduction to Commands
Open Existing Drawings
1. Click the A icon and OPEN or Press CTRL + O. or Click the OPEN icon
. Or Type OPEN at the command prompt.
2. Press ENTER on the keyboard.
3. Double Click the desired directory to find the drawing to open.
4. Click the drawing name to open
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16. Introduction to Commands
Saving Drawings
AutoCAD saves its drawings as files with extensions ending in .DWG.
1. Click the A icon and Save or Save as. or Type SAVE or SAVEAS at
the command prompt. Command: SAVE or SAVEAS
2. Press ENTER
3. Type A new drawing name or keep the existing drawing name.
4. Click The OK button.
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17. CAD and Coordinate System
Drawings created in a CAD system are usually defined and
stored using sets of points in what is called world space.
the world space is defined using a three-dimensional
Cartesian coordinate system X-, Y-,and Z-axes.
Any point in world space can then be defined as the
distance from the origin in the X-, Y- and Z directions.
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18. In AutoCAD, the coordinate system that is used to create
entities is called the user coordinate system (UCS).
By default, the user coordinate system is aligned to
the world coordinate system (WCS).
The world coordinate system is a coordinate system
used by AutoCAD as the basis for defining all objects and
other coordinate systems defined by the users.
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CAD and Coordinate System
19. Cartesian and Polar Coordinate
Systems
In a two-dimensional space, a point can be represented
using different coordinate
Cartesian coordinate system
The point can be located as X and Y units
Polar coordinate
The same point can also be located
as r and θ
Positive angle is measured anticlockwise
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20. LINE (Command)
With LINE, you can create a series of contiguous line
segments. Each segment is a line object that can be edited
separately
Ribbon: Home tab, Draw panel, Line
Menu: Draw, Line
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21. CIRCLE (Command)
Ribbon: Home tab, Draw panel, Circle drop-down Center,
Radius
Menu: Draw Circle Center, Radius
Type One of the following options:
1- Center Point: Draws a circle based on a center point and a
diameter or a radius.
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22. CIRCLE (Command)
2- 3P (Three Points): Draws a circle based on three points on
the circumference.
3- TTT: a circle tangent to three objects.
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23. CIRCLE (Command)
4- 2P (Two Points): Draws a circle based on two endpoints of
the diameter.
5- TTR (Tangent, Tangent, Radius): Draws a circle with a
specified radius tangent to two objects.
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24. Arc (Command)
Creates an arc.
Ribbon: Home tab, Draw panel, Arc drop-down, 3-Point
Menu: Draw Arc
To create an arc, you can specify combinations of center,
endpoint, start point, radius, angle, chord length, and
direction values.
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25. Arc (Command)
Start point: Draws an arc using three specified points on
the arc's circumference.
1- The first point: is the start point (1).
2- Second point: Specify the second point (2) is a point on
the circumference of the arc.
3- End point: Specify the final point (3) on the arc.
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26. PLINE (Command)
A 2D polyline is a connected sequence of
segments created as a single planar object. You
can create straight line segments, arc segments,
or a combination of the two
Ribbon: Home tab, Draw panel, Polyline
Menu: Draw, Polyline
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27. POLYGON (Command)
Creates an equilateral closed polyline.
Ribbon: Home tab, Draw panel, Rectangle
Menu: Draw, Rectangle
You can specify the different parameters of the
polygon including the number of sides. The
difference between the inscribed and
circumscribed options is shown.
Number of sides: Specifies the number of sides
in the polygon (3-1024).
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28. POLYGON (Command)
Center of polygon: Specifies the location of the
center of the polygon and whether the new
Object is inscribed or circumscribed.
1- Inscribed in circle: Specifies the radius of a
circle on which all vertices of the polygon lie.
2- Circumscribed about circle: Specifies the
distance from the center of the polygon to the
midpoints of the edges of the polygon.
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29. ELLIPSE (Command)
Creates an ellipse or an elliptical arc.
Ribbon: Home tab, Draw panel Ellipse drop
down, Center
Menu: Draw, Ellipse Center
The first two points of the ellipse determine the
location and length of the first axis. The third
point determines the distance between the center
of the ellipse and the end point of the second axis.
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30. Erase Command
1. Choose Modify, Erase. Or Click the Erase icon .
o Pick Object at the select object prompt.
o Select objects: (pick object)
o Press ENTER when you are done choosing objects.
2- Type ERASE at the command prompt.
o Command: ERASE or E
o Select objects: ENTER
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31. Basic Display Commands
ZOOM
Increases or decreases the apparent size of objects in the
current viewport
1. Choose View, Zoom. or
2. Type ZOOM at the command prompt.
Command: Zoom or Z
3. Type One of the following zoom options:
o All: Places entire drawing (all visible layers) on display at
once. Forces a regeneration.
o Extents: Displays current drawing content as large as
possible.
o Previous: Restores previous view.
o Window: Designates rectangular area to be drawn as
large as possible.
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32. Basic Display Commands
PAN : Shifts the location of a view.
1. Choose View, Pan. or
2. Click the Pan icon . or
3. Type PAN from the command
prompt.
Command: PAN or P
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33. Object Snapping
An object snap mode specifies a snap point at an exact
location on an object.
OSNAP specifies running object snap modes, which remain
active until you turn them off.
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34. Edit Commands
Move Command
1. Choose Modify, Move. Or Click the Move icon. Or Type
MOVE at the command prompt Command: MOVE or M
2. Pick Objects to move Select objects: (select)
3. Pick A point to move from Base point or displacement:
(pick point)
4. Pick A point to move to Second point of displacement:
(pick point)
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35. Copy Command
1. Choose Modify, Copy. Or Click the Copy icon. Or Type COPY at
the command prompt. Command: COPY or CP
2. Pick Objects to copy. Select objects: (select)
3. Pick A point to move from. Base point or
displacement/Multiple: (pick point).
4. Pick A point to copy to.
Second point of displacement: (pick point) Or
Type A point to copy to. Second point of displacement: @ 1<0
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36. Offset Command
Offset Distance To offset a specified distance:
1. Choose Modify, Offset. or
2. Type OFFSET at the command prompt. Command: OFFSET or O
3. Type The distance to offset.
Offset distance or <Through point>: (number)
4. Pick The object to offset.
5. Pick A side to offset object to. Side to offset: (pick side)
6. Press Enter to end the command.
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37. EXTEND Commands
1. Choose Modify, Extend. or
2. Click the Extend icon. or
3. Type EXTEND at the command prompt
Command: EXTEND
Select boundary edge(s)...
4. Pick The BOUNDARY edge to extend to
Select objects: (select)
5. Press ENTER to accept the boundary edge
Select objects: (press enter)
6. Pick The objects to extend
<Select object to extend> / Project / Edge / Undo: Select
an object, enter an option, or press enter : (select)
7. Press ENTER when you are done choosing objects
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38. Trim Command
1. Choose Modify, Trim. or
2. Click the Trim icon.
3. Type TRIM at the command prompt
Command: TRIM Select cutting edge(s)...
4. Pick The CUTTING edge to extend to Select objects:
(select)
5. Press ENTER to accept the cutting edge Select objects:
(press enter)
6. Pick Objects to trim
<Select object to trim> / Project / Edge / Undo: Select an
object, enter an option, or press enter
7. Press ENTER when you are done choosing objects
Select object to trim/Undo: (press enter)
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39. MIRROR
1. Choose Modify, Mirror. or
2. Click the Mirror icon. or
3. Type MIRROR at the command prompt. Command:
MIRROR
4. Pick Objects to mirror.
Select objects:(select)
5. Pick First point of mirror line: (point)
6. Pick Second point: (point)
7. Type Yes to delete the original objects and No to keep
them. Delete old objects? Y or N
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40. ROTATE
1. Choose Modify, Rotate. or
2. Click the Rotate icon.
3. Type ROTATE at the command prompt
Command : ROTATE
4. Pick Objects to rotate: Select objects:(select)
5. Pick A pivot point to rotate around
Base point: (point)
6. Type A rotation angle<Rotation angle>/Reference:
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41. SCALE
1. Choose Modify, Scale. or
2. Click the Scale icon. or
3. Type SCALE at the command prompt
Command: SCALE
Select objects: (select objects)
4. Pick A pivot point to scale about Base point: (point)
5. Type A rotation angle<Scale factor>/Reference:(number)
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42. Explode
Explodes a compound object when you want to
modify its components separately. Objects that
can be exploded include blocks, polylines, and
regions, among others
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43. Chamfers
A chamfer connects two objects to meet in a flattened or
beveled corner.
A chamfer connects two objects with an angled line. It is
usually used to represent a beveled edge on a corner.
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44. Fillets
The fillet command is very similar to the
chamfer command above, except instead
of creating a straight line chamfer,
Autocad creates a radius between the two
points
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45. Setting Up a Drawing
A-Drawing Units Setup
Every object we construct in a CAD system is measured in
units. We should determine the system of units within
the CAD system before creating the first geometric
entities.
1- In the Menu Bar select:
[Format] [Units]
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46. Setting Up a Drawing
2- Click on the Length Type option to display the different
types of length units available. Confirm the Length Type is
set to Decimal.
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3- In the Drawing Units dialog box, set the Length Type to
Decimal. This will set the measurement to the default
English units, inches.
47. Setting Up a Drawing
4- Set the Precision to two digits after the decimal point as
shown in the above figure.
6- Pick OK to exit the Drawing Units dialog box.
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48. B-Drawing Area Setup
Next, we will set up the Drawing Limits by entering
a command in the command prompt area.
Setting the Drawing Limits controls the extents of
the display of the grid.
It also serves as a visual reference that marks the
working area.
It can also be used to prevent construction outside
the grid limits and as a plot option that defines an
area to be plotted/printed.
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49. Drawing Area Setup
1- In the Menu Bar select:
[Format] [Drawing Limits]
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50. Drawing Area Setup
2- In the command prompt area, the message “Reset Model
Space Limits: Specify lower left corner or [On/Off]
<0.00,0.00>:” is displayed. Press the ENTER key once to
accept the default coordinates <0.00,0.00>.
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3- In the command prompt area, the message “Specify upper
right corner <12.00,9.00>:” is displayed. Press the ENTER key
again to accept the default coordinates <12.00,9.00>.
