التاويل منهج الاستنباط - الشيخ احمد البحراني

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3. 3    ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط‬ ‫ﻣﻨﮭﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺸﻒ‬ ‫واﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﺮاث‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ‬‫واﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﯿﺖ‬ ‫وأھﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬‫وﻣﺰﯾﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻘﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ‬ 

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5. 5‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬:‫اﻟﺘﺄوﯾﻞ‬‫ﻣﻨﮭﺞ‬‫اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻹﺳ‬‫ﻼم‬‫اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ‬:‫أﺣﻤﺪ‬‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮاﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ‬‫اﻷوﻟﻰ‬:6/1998.‫اﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ‬:1/1999،)‫ﻣﻨﻘﺤﺔ‬‫وﻣﺰﯾﺪة‬.(‫اﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬:4/2013)‫ﻣﻨﻘﺤﺔ‬‫وﻣﺰﯾﺪة‬.(www.ataweil.comBahrane55@hotmail.com

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7. 7 ...............................................................................17................................................................21.................................................................................27‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬................................................29‫ﻭﺍﻧﺪﺛﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ‬.......29....................29.......................................................................29...............................................................35...........................................................41..............................................................47.....................................................................49............................................................51.......................................................................53...............................................................54.....................................................................56..................................................................59..................................................................62....................................................................66.................................................................69........................................................................72.......................................................................74

8. 81.....................................................762.....................................................81............................................................................86........................................................................90.................................95........................................................................95...........................................................................97..........................................................................103..................................................................105........................................................................109.......................................................................116........................................................116.....................................................................120..........................................................120.....................................................................121......................................................121.....................................................................124.........................................................................127..................................................................130....................................................................137....................................................................144..............................................................................150.....................153..............................................................................153

9. 9.................................................................158................................................................164.......................................................................164.....................................................................166.......................191...................................................................191.....................................................................1921..................................................................1962..................................................................203...........211............................................................................211....................................................................213................................................................216.................................................................2201...............................................................2202...................................................................2243.................................................................2264..................................................................229................................237.................................................................237.....................................................................240..............................................................................242..................................................................245...................................................................249

10. 10.................................................................252...............................................................255..............................................263.............................................................263.........................................................................265......................................................................266......................................................................269..........................................................275......................................................277........................................................................288.................................................................293..........................297..................................................................298..............................................................3071...................................................................3112................................................................3123...................................................................3124................................................................313..........................................................................315.................................................................3201...................................................................3202.....................................................................3243..................................................................3304................................................................334

11. 11.............................................................337.............................................................3385.....................................................................3396................................................................343...............................................................346.........................349.....................................................................349..............................................................................357‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬...........................................361‫ﻭﺍﻧﺪﺛﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ‬..........................................................361................................................................................3611............................................................3752...................................................................3773...................................................................3874............................................................3926............................................................395..........................................398.................................................................399................................................................403.................................................407..................................................................407

12. 121.....................................................4082..........................................................................4103.................................................................4204.............................................................4235...................................................4256..............................................................4287.........................................................................4328...............................................4349................................................................435............................................................................437.................................................443..............................................447.........................................................................447.....................................................................450...........................................................................4501.....................................................................4502................................................................4513...............................................................4554.................................................................4585...............................................................460.............................................................................464.................................................................464................................................................466......................................................................466

13. 13....................................................................466....................................................................467.......................................................................468‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻼﺻﺎﺕ‬...........................................................................472...............................................................476..........................................................................486....................................................................491....................................................493.............................................494..........................................495..................................................................498....................................................................503......................................................................508.......................................................510.............................................................513.....................................................513.................................................517....................................................................520................................................................................524.....................................................................525.................................................................................534................................................................5341....................................................................5362.................................................................5383.................................................................539

14. 144.................................................................5405...............................................................5406..............................................................5427.................................................................543.................................................................545......................................................................551.....................................................................556...............................................................562........................................................................566......................................................................572.....................................................................5741..............................................................5742.................................................5773.............................................................579..................................................................582.......................................................5851............................................5962......................................................6003........................................603.....................................................................609...........................................................615()........................................................621......................................................621...........................................................621

15. 15....................................................................629............................................629...................................................................629...............................................................631....................................................634..............................................................640............................................................644.....................................................................653...............................................................653..............................................................................653.................................................................654.........................................657..............................................................657.....................................................................6631..........................................................6632.............................................................6663..............................................................6684..................................................................668....................................................................670.....................................................672.......................................................674.....................................................675......................................................676..........................................................................678

16. 16..............................................................682.......................................................................684..........................................................693.....................................................697............................................................699.................................................................699.................................................................700.............................................................702.....................................................................704......................................................................706.................................................................707....................................................................709...............................................................................709..................................................713...............................................................................713.........................................................7169...............................................................718................................................................................7231.....................7232..............................................................7293........................................................................735......................................................735......................................................................743

17. 17 ‫اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﯿﻦ‬ ‫وﺻﺤﺒﮫ‬ ‫وآﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﯿﻦ‬ ‫رب‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺪ‬‫إن‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﻼﻣﯿﺔ‬‫اﻹﺳ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫أزﻣﺔ‬ٌ‫ﺔ‬‫أزﻣ‬ ‫ﺮة‬‫ﺻ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯿ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﯾﻌﺘﺮﯾﮭ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻷﻣ‬ ‫وان‬ ،‫ﺪاد‬‫واﻻﻣﺘ‬ ‫ﻮد‬‫اﻟﻮﺟ‬‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻨﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‬‫أﻓﻨﻰ‬‫اﻵﺑﺎء‬‫ﻮة‬‫اﻟﺒﻨ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻋﻼﻗ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻟﮭ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫اﻵﺧﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫أﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻘﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﺒﻘﯿﮭﺎ‬ ،‫اﻷوﻟﯿﻦ‬‫اﻷ‬ ‫ﻷوزار‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫واﻟﻤﺘﻮارﺛ‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫واﻷﺑﻨﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻜﻮﻧﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬ ‫وان‬ ،‫اﻟﻔﺎﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺔ‬،‫ﺔ‬‫زﻣ‬‫ﻀﯿﻒ‬ ‫وﺗ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻣ‬ ‫ﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻠﻘ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﺺ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﺨ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻘ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﮭ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫أﻣ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻛ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫إﻟﯿﮭ‬‫؛‬‫إﻻ‬‫أن‬‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫اﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﺾ‬ ‫ﺑﻌ‬‫ﺎ‬‫إﻧﺠﺎزاﺗﮭ‬ ‫ﻼل‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ،‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﻠﯿﮭ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫اﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﺴﺎر‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺆﺛﺮ‬‫وﺗ‬ ‫ﺴﺎرھﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ّل‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﺗﺤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ،‫اﻻﻧﻌﻄﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬،‫اﻹﯾﺠﺎﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻠﺒﯿﺔ‬‫إن‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺪﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻠﺖ‬ ،‫ﺣﺪث‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫ّل‬‫ﻮ‬‫اﻟﺘﺤ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬‫ﺔ‬‫أﻣ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﻠﯿﮭ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﻢ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬‫أو‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻻﻧﻌﻄﺎﻓ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻷﻣ‬ ‫وإﻧﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻋﺼﺮھﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺪء‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﺔ‬ ً‫ﺎ‬‫وورﯾﺜ‬ ً‫ا‬‫اﻣﺘﺪاد‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺻﺒﺤﺖ‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﻄﯿﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﻄﯿﻌﺔ‬.‫إن‬‫ﺔ‬‫اﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﻤﺎرﺳ‬ ‫ﺮورة‬‫ﺿ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﻮي‬‫ﺗﻨﻄ‬ ،‫ﻼﻣﯿﺔ‬‫اﻹﺳ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮراﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﺠﻌﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاﻗﻊ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬‫ﻟﻠﺘﺮ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺬاﺗﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬‫أھﻤﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺪة‬ ‫اﻋﺘﺒﺎرات‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ‬ ،‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮروﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺔ‬:‫أن‬‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫أﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺆوﻟﯿﺔ‬‫أن‬‫ﯾﻔﺘﺮض‬ ‫ﻓﻜﻤﺎ‬ ،‫اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ُﺤﻤﻞ‬‫ﺗ‬‫أن‬،‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬‫ﻣﺼﯿﺮھﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮر‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﺘﺴﻠﺢ‬.‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻼﺣﻘ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬‫أن‬‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻨﻘﺪﯾ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻮﻇﯿﻔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺮاﺛﮭ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎرس‬‫ﺗﻤ‬‫إﻃﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﺗﻨﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺪﯾﻨﯿ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﯿﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻀﺒﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﯿﺎﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎرھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻲ‬ ،‫اﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ر‬‫إﻟﯿﮭﺎ‬‫ﻚ‬‫ﺗﻠ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺮأ‬‫ﻃ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪد‬‫ﺗﺤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻟﻜ‬ ،‫ﺪﻣﯿﻦ‬‫اﻟﻤﺘﻘ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻠﮭﺎ‬‫وﺻ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎرﻧ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫دراﺳ‬ ‫ﻼل‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ،‫ﺼﯿﺮھﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫أﺛﺮھ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻟﮭ‬ ،‫ﺴﺆوﻟﺔ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻏﯿ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺴﺆوﻟﺔ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺎﻓﺎت‬‫إﺿ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﻮﻻت‬‫ﺗﺤ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﯿﻤﯿ‬ ‫اﻟﻀﻮاﺑﻂ‬.‫ﻖ‬‫ﻓﺤ‬،‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﮭ‬ ‫اﻧﻄﻠﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫أﺻﺎﻟﺘﮫ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺘﮫ‬ ‫وﻣﺪى‬ ،‫اﻟﺪﯾﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪدات‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺼﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺮ‬‫ﻼﻣﯿﺔ‬‫اﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫اﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫أﻣ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﻖ‬‫ﺣ‬ ،‫ﻮي‬‫اﻟﻨﺒ‬ ‫ﻮض‬‫اﻟﻨﮭ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺣﺮﻛ‬ ‫ﺪھﺎ‬‫ﻗﻮاﻋ‬ ‫ﺪت‬‫وﻗﻌ‬ ،‫اﻟﻮﺣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻤﮭﺎ‬ ‫وأرﺳﻰ‬‫اﻟﻤﺄزوم‬ ‫واﻗﻌﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫وإﺧﺮاﺟﮭﺎ‬ ،‫أزﻣﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﯿﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺒﯿﻞ‬ ‫وھﻮ‬ ،‫ﻟﺪﯾﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮارﺛﺔ‬.‫إن‬،‫ﺮة‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﺎء‬‫واﻧﺘﮭ‬ ،‫ﺖ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﻗﺒ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻣﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺮورا‬ ،‫اﻷول‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺬ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫واﻗﻊ‬‫ﯾﻜﺸﻒ‬‫أن‬‫ﺑﺤﯿﺚ‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﺴﯿﺮة‬ ‫واﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﺛﺖ‬ ‫اﻧﻘﻼﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻻت‬‫أ‬‫ن‬‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ‫ّر‬‫ﺬ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻮل‬‫اﻟﺮﺳ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫اﺧﺘﻄ‬ ‫ﺬي‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎر‬‫ﺎﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻜ‬ ‫ﺴﺎم‬ ‫اﻻﻧﻘ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭ‬ ‫ﺮأ‬ ‫ﻃ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻠﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺜﺎﺑ‬ ‫ﺎن‬ ‫ﻓﻜ‬ ،‫ﺴﺎرات‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪة‬ ‫ﻋ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴﺮﻃﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟ‬‫ﺸﻮاﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﻌ‬

18. 18‫ﺎت‬ ‫اﻻﺗﺠﺎھ‬‫ﺪة‬ ‫وﺣ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺒ‬ ‫ﺎب‬ ‫واﻟﻜﺘ‬ ،‫ﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاﺣ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﺎدة‬ ‫ﻋﺒ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻇ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺣ‬ ‫ﻼﻣﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﺈذا‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ،‫ﻞ‬‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﺘﻰ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﺰاب‬‫أﺣ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﺸﺬر‬‫وﺗﺘ‬ ،‫ﺎت‬‫ﻛﯿﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﺪة‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﻮل‬‫ﺗﺘﺤ‬ ،‫ﻮل‬‫اﻟﺮﺳ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ‬ ‫واﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ‬ ،‫اﻟﺸﺮﯾﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘ‬ ‫ﺎھﺮة‬‫ﻇ‬ ‫ﻮدة‬‫وﻋ‬ ،‫ﺪة‬‫اﻟﻮاﺣ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻜﻚ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮﺗﺐ‬ ،‫ﻓﺮﺣﻮن‬ ‫ﻟﺪﯾﮭﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺰب‬‫ﻞ‬‫ﻗﺒ‬ ‫ﺸﺖ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫ﺒﻠﯿ‬‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺒ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﯾﻨﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺒﻠﯿ‬ ‫ﺎھﺮة‬‫ﻇ‬ ‫ﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﺘ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺬھﺒﯿ‬ ‫ﻮرﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻮدﺗﮭ‬ ‫ﻼم‬‫اﻹﺳ‬‫أن‬،‫ﺮة‬ ‫اﻷﺧﯿ‬ ‫ﺬه‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫ﻮر‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻄ‬‫ﺒﻼد‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﯾﻄ‬ ‫ﻮزع‬ ‫ﺗﺘ‬ ،‫ﻼت‬ ‫دوﯾ‬ ‫ﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺒﻠﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟ‬ ‫ﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻈﮭ‬ ،‫ﺴﯿﺎﺳﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺼﯿﻐﺔ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ذاﺗﮭ‬ ‫ﻖ‬‫ﻟﺘﺤﻘ‬‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﯿﺔ‬.‫اﻷﻣ‬ ‫وﺣﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ،‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺘﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬،‫ﺬاھﺐ‬‫وﻣ‬ ‫أﻣﻢ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻜﻚ‬ ‫وﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫ﺗﺤﺎول‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺪراﺳﺎت‬ ،‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻞ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺰ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺪﻋﻮﻧﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫ھﻮ‬ ،‫ﺟﻨﺐ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺎﯾﺶ‬‫ﻧﺤﺎول‬ ‫إﻧﻨﺎ‬ ‫أي‬ ،‫ﻣﺤﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﻜﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ،‫اﻟﺒﺪﯾﻠﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ،‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة‬ ‫ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺸﻒ‬‫أن‬‫ﻧﻜﺸﻒ‬‫اﻷ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫اﻧﺘﮭﺠﺘ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﺑﺤﺜ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻖ‬‫ﻧﻨﻄﻠ‬ ‫ﺬي‬‫واﻟ‬ ،‫ﻮة‬‫اﻟﻨﺒ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻇ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺪة‬‫اﻟﻮﺣ‬ ‫ﺼﺮ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﻛﺤﺘﻤﯿﺔ‬ ،‫ﺣﺘﻤﯿﺎت‬‫أن‬‫أو‬ ‫ﺪة‬‫اﻟﻮﺣ‬ ‫ﺎھﺮة‬‫ﻇ‬ ‫ﺰو‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺎوز‬‫ﻧﺘﺠ‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻮﺣﺪة‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﺒﺎﻟﺘﻮﺻﻞ‬ ،‫اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫رأس‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة‬ ‫ﻛﺈﺳﻨﺎد‬ ،‫ّﺔ‬‫ﯿ‬‫اﻵﻧ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬‫اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻧﯿﻦ‬‫ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ،‫اﻟ‬‫ﯾﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ‬ ،‫واﻟﺘﺤﻮل‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺒﺪل‬ ‫ﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬‫أن‬‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫وﺣﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺚ‬ ‫ﻧﻌﯿﺪ‬‫اﻟﻮاﺣﺪة‬ ‫واﻷﻣﺔ‬ ،.‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ‬‫أن‬‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ،‫واﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة‬‫أن‬‫أرض‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺎﻋﯿﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻈﺎھﺮ‬ ،‫ﻛﻈﺎھﺮة‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ردھﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‬ ‫ھﻲ‬ ،‫اﻟﻮاﻗﻊ‬.‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﺣﺪة‬‫أن‬‫وﺣﯿ‬ ‫ﻮل‬‫اﻟﺮﺳ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻓﻜ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺪﺣﺖ‬‫اﻧﻘ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫واﻗﻌ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬،‫ﺎ‬‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺒ‬ ،‫ﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻘ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣ‬ ‫ﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻮاة‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫ِرت‬‫ﺬ‬ ُ‫ﺒ‬‫ﻓ‬ ،‫ﮫ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺆﻣﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻜ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺪوره‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫ﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﻏﺮﺳ‬‫أن‬‫ﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻘ‬‫اﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬ ‫أﺷﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﻏﺮاﺳﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﯾﻈﮭﺮ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻮاﻋﺪ‬.‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫اﻷوﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻨﺘﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﺿﻌﺖ‬ ‫اﻷﺧﺮى‬ ‫ھﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫وان‬‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ،‫ﻟﻼﺧﺘﻼف‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺒﮭﺎت‬ ‫ﻇﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬‫أن‬‫ﺘﻼ‬‫اﻻﺧ‬ ‫ﺬا‬‫ﺑﮭ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻮاﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺤﺮك‬‫ف‬‫أو‬‫ﻀﻊ‬‫ﻟﺘ‬ ‫ذاك‬‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮي‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺼﻮر‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘﻄﺒﯿﻖ‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺰ‬.‫ﻋﻤﻘﺎ‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫وﺑﺘﺼﻮر‬‫إن‬‫اﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫وان‬ ،‫اﻟﺴﻠﯿﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮة‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة‬‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ،‫اﻟﺸﻄﻄﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮة‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ‬‫أن‬‫أي‬ ،‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻨﮭ‬ ‫ﺸﻄﻂ‬‫واﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻄﺄ‬ ‫دواﻋﻲ‬ ‫واﻧﺘﻔﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﻜﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬‫أن‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻮ‬‫ھ‬ ،‫ﻋﻨﮫ‬ ‫اﻷﻏﻼل‬ ‫ووﺿﻊ‬ ،‫اﻷﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫إﻃﻼﻗﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻌﯿﻞ‬‫ﺎب‬‫واﺟﺘﻨ‬ ،‫ﺪة‬‫اﻟﻮﺣ‬ ‫ﺞ‬‫ﻧﮭ‬ ‫ﺎج‬‫ﻻﻧﺘﮭ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﯿﻞ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻓﯿﮫ‬ ‫واﻻﺳﺘﻤﺮارﯾﺔ‬ ،‫اﻻﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ‬ ،‫واﻟﺘﺸﺮذم‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﮭﺞ‬.‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬‫أن‬‫ﺮة‬‫داﺋ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫واﻟﻔﺮﻗ‬ ‫ﺎر‬‫واﻻﻧﮭﯿ‬ ،‫ﺪة‬‫واﻟﻮﺣ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﮭﻮض‬ ‫ﺛﻮاﺑﺖ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺼﻞ‬‫ﺔ‬‫اﻷﻣ‬‫إﻻ‬ ،‫اﻷو‬ ‫ﻼم‬‫اﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﻌﺜﮭ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻘﻼﻧﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫واﻟﺤﺎﻟ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﯿ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻘﯿﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺰ‬‫ل‬‫ﻀﺔ‬‫اﻟﻨﮭ‬ ‫ﺎس‬‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫وﺟﻌﻠﮭ‬ ،،‫ﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻘ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻄ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫وھ‬ ،‫ﻮل‬‫اﻟﺮﺳ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺑﻌ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺎرﯾﺦ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻘﻼﻧﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﻠ‬ ‫ﺴﺖ‬‫اﻧﺘﻜ‬ ‫ﻒ‬‫ﻛﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫وﻣﻌﺮﻓ‬‫واﻟﻘﺮآن‬.‫ﺼﯿﻐﺘﮫ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺮأي‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﻮدة‬‫واﻟﻌ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻨﮭﺠﯿ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫وﻋﺪﺗ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻔﮭﻮﻣﯿ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫أدواﺗ‬ ‫ﻀﯿﺎع‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﮫ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﯿﺎع‬‫اﻟﺴﺎذﺟﺔ‬‫أو‬‫ﯾﺪل‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ،‫اﻷﺧﺮى‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺮاث‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮه‬‫ﺎز‬‫اﻟﺠﮭ‬ ‫ﺎﺑﺔ‬‫ﺑﺈﺻ‬ ،‫ﻼم‬‫اﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﻮھﺮ‬‫ﺟ‬ ‫ﯿﺎع‬‫ﺿ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬

19. 19‫اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﻲ‬‫واﻟﻤﻔﺎھﯿﻤﻲ‬‫اﻟﻔ‬ ‫وﻏﯿﺎب‬ ،‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺎ‬‫وﻟﺪواﺋﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻘﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﮭﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﺔ‬‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬‫و‬‫اﻟ‬‫اﻟﻤﺴﺌﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺮاﻛﺰ‬،‫ﻮد‬‫اﻟﻤﻔﻘ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﺟﻮھﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ّ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫أﻣﻠﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ھﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻮھﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺔ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ،‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫وﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺪﯾﻢ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﻄﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬‫ﯿﻐﺘﮫ‬‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺪﯾﻦ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺚ‬‫اﻟﺒﺤ‬ ‫ﺪء‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺮض‬‫ﺗﻔ‬ ،‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﻜﺒﯿ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺆال‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻦ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻌﯿﺪة‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮة‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﯿﻐﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﮫ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ ،‫ﻃﺮأت‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﻮﻻت‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ،‫اﻷوﻟﻰ‬‫اﻟﺤﯿﺎة‬ ‫ﺑﻮاھﺐ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻇﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وﺻﻒ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫اﻷوﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﯿﻐﺔ‬) :‫ﺎﻛﻢ‬‫دﻋ‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫ﻮل‬‫وﻟﻠﺮﺳ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﯿﺒﻮا‬‫اﺳ‬‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬‫ﯾﺤﯿﯿﻜﻢ‬(24/8،‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺚ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﻀﺖ‬‫ﻓﺎﻧﺘﻔ‬ ،‫ﺎة‬‫اﻟﺤﯿ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻌﺚ‬ ‫إﻋﻼﻧﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻤﺪﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻋﻮة‬ ‫ﻓﺠﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺰوغ‬‫ﺑﻨﯿﺘﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻜﯿﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وﻋﻤﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﻔﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮت‬ ‫ﻇﺎھﺮات‬‫ﺑ‬‫إرﺑﺎ‬ ‫إرﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺰﯾﻘﮭﺎ‬.‫ﻮر‬‫ﺑﻈﮭ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺴﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺪﺧﻞ‬‫ﺪاﻋ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻀﻮ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻨ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻰ‬ ‫اﺷ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫إذا‬ ،‫ﻞ‬ ‫وﺗﻜﺎﻓ‬ ‫ﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺌ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻼم‬ ‫اﻹﺳ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫ﻟ‬‫ﺎﻟﺤ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺴﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺠ‬‫و‬ ‫ﻤﻰ‬،‫ﺴﮭﺮ‬ ‫اﻟ‬‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ،‫وﺗﻤﺪد‬ ‫وﺗﻌﻤﻠﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺴﺪ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫وﺳﺮﻋﺎن‬‫أن‬‫ﺗﻌﻮد‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻮت‬ ‫ﻇﺎھﺮات‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺎ‬ ،‫وﯾﺘﻔﻜﻚ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﻜﻤﺶ‬‫ﻇﮭﺮاﻧﯿﮭﺎ؟‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﯿﺎة‬ ‫واھﺐ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫رﻏﻢ‬ ،‫أﻋﻼم‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﻮل‬!‫ﯿﻦ‬‫ﯾﺘﺒ‬ ،‫ﺪم‬‫ﺗﻘ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎء‬‫أن‬‫ﺔ‬‫وﻓﻜﺮﯾ‬ ‫ﺴﯿﺔ‬‫ﻧﻔ‬ ‫ﻮﻻت‬‫ﺑﺘﺤ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫اﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﺎث‬‫اﻧﺒﻌ‬‫ﻮرة‬‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎﺑﻊ‬‫ﺗﺘ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻘﻼﻧﯿ‬ ‫ﺎر‬‫ازدھ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺎس‬‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﯿﺎة‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ،‫اﻟﺤﯿﺎة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺪل‬ ‫وﺗﻮﺳﻊ‬ ،‫اﻧﺪﻣﺎﺟﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎط‬.‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻮ‬‫وھ‬‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﻜﺸﻒ‬‫أن‬‫ﻚ‬‫ذﻟ‬ ‫ﺎب‬‫ﻟﻐﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻧﺘﯿﺠ‬ ‫ﺎء‬‫ﺟ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫اﻧ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻻﺑ‬ ،‫ﺎ‬‫وﻓﺎﺗﮭ‬ ‫ﮭﺎدة‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺒﺮ‬ ،‫واﻧﮭﯿﺎرھﺎ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻜﻚ‬‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻘﻼﻧﯿ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻜﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜﻞ‬ ،‫اﻟﺘﺄﺳﯿﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬.‫ﺗﻠ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻋﻼﻗ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻮل‬‫اﻟﺘﺤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﺘﺠﻠﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻘﻼﻧﯿ‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫ﺗﺘﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﺋﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﻈﺎھﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻜﻜﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬‫ﺑﺄﻧﮭﺎ‬‫أﺳﺎس‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻗﺔ‬‫ﺗﺄوﯾﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ،‫اﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﯿﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻠﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻤﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎب‬ ‫ﻓﮭﻤﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬.‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻷﻣﺔ‬‫أن‬‫ﺗﺘﻤﺴﻚ‬،‫اﻟﻤﺤﺮف‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮآن‬‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬‫ﺎﻟﻘﺮآن‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻤﺴﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻜﺲ‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﺆول‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﺬ‬‫ﻮﻗﻔﯿﻦ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻛﻼ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺎن‬ ،‫ّف‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﻤﺤ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬ ‫وﺗﻨﺒﺬ‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﺆول‬‫ﺮازات‬‫إﻓ‬.‫ﺬ‬‫وﻧﺒ‬ ‫ّف‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﻤﺤ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻘﺮآن‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺴﻚ‬‫ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻤ‬‫و‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ّل‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘ‬ ‫واﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ّل‬‫ﻮ‬‫اﻟﺘﻘ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫أدى‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﻘﻼﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺆول‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬.‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻠ‬ ‫ّل‬‫ﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘ‬ ‫ﺬا‬ ‫وھ‬‫ﺮاث‬ ‫ﺗ‬‫ﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎﺳ‬‫ﺬاھﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ‬‫ﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﮭﯿ‬ ‫ﻮث‬ ‫واﻟﺒﺤ‬ ،‫ﺎ‬ ‫أﻧﺘﺠﺘﮭ‬‫ﺘﻨﺒﺎط‬ ‫اﻻﺳ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿ‬‫اﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫واﻗﻊ‬ ‫ُﺟﺪ‬‫و‬ ‫ھﻜﺬا‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﻇﺎھﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺳﺎس‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ‬ ،‫اﻻﺟﺘﮭﺎدﯾﺔ‬.‫ﺆول‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺮآن‬‫اﻟﻘ‬ ‫ﺲ‬‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ‬‫اﺳﺘ‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﻘﻼﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮫ‬ ‫ازدھﺮت‬ ،‫ﻓﻘﮭﯿﺎ‬ ‫واﻗﻌﺎ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﺻﺪر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫واﻹﻧﺼﺎت‬ ،‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬ ‫ﻨﻄﺎق‬‫ﺎب‬‫اﻟﻜﺘ‬ ‫ﺎت‬‫آﯾ‬ ‫ﻼل‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ،‫ﺎ‬‫وﺣﯿ‬ ‫ﺪث‬‫ﯾﺘﺤ‬ ‫ﻮ‬‫وھ‬ ‫اﷲ‬) :‫ﺎﻟﺤﻖ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﯿﻜﻢ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﻖ‬‫ﯾﻨﻄ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨ‬ ‫ﺬا‬‫ھ‬(29/45‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿ‬ ‫ﺬه‬‫ھ‬ ،‫ﺮاص‬‫اﻟﻤﺘ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﯿﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬ ‫أﻗﺎم‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﺆول‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺚ‬ ،‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﯿﺎن‬ ‫وﺣﺪة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺎدت‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﮭﯿﺔ‬‫ّﺪ‬‫ﺣ‬‫واﻟﻤﻮ‬.‫اﻷ‬ ‫ﯾﺤﺪد‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎرن‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻒ‬ ‫وﺑﮭﺬا‬‫ﮫ‬‫ﻗﻮﻟ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺎم‬‫اﻹﻣ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﯾﻄﺎﻟﻌﻨ‬ ،‫ﺎ‬‫وﻋﻼﺟﮭ‬ ‫زﻣﺔ‬:»‫ﯿﺄﺗﻲ‬‫ﺳ‬‫وﻻ‬ ،‫ﻞ‬‫اﻟﺒﺎﻃ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫أﻇﮭ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ،‫اﻟﺤﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﺧﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﻲء‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮫ‬ ‫ﻟﯿﺲ‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪي‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﻜﻢ‬‫ﺮ‬‫أﻛﺜ‬‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺬب‬‫اﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬

20. 20‫ّف‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺣ‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﻣﻨ‬ ‫ﻖ‬‫أﻧﻔ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ،‫ﮫ‬‫ﺗﻼوﺗ‬ ‫ﻖ‬‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻲ‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﺑﻮر‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻣﺎن‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫أھﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﯿﺲ‬ ،‫ورﺳﻮﻟﮫ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﺒﻼد‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ،‫ﻣﻮاﺿﻌﮫ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬،‫ﮫ‬‫ﺣﻤﻠﺘ‬ ‫ﺎب‬‫اﻟﻜﺘ‬ ‫ﺬ‬‫ﻧﺒ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻓﻘ‬ ،‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﻤﻨﻜ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺮف‬‫أﻋ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ‫ﺮوف‬‫اﻟﻤﻌ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫أﻧﻜ‬ ‫ﻲء‬‫ﯾ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﻣﺼﻄﺤﺒﺎن‬ ‫وﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن‬ ،‫ﻣﻨﻔﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﻃﺮﯾﺪان‬ ‫وأھﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﻣﺌﺬ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬ ،‫ﺣﻔﻈﺘﮫ‬ ‫وﺗﻨﺎﺳﺎه‬‫ﺄ‬‫وﯾﮭﻤﺎ‬ُ‫ﻣ‬‫ﺆ‬ٍ‫و‬‫ﻢ‬‫ﻣﻌﮭ‬ ‫وﻟﯿﺴﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﻌﮭﻢ‬ ،‫ﻓﯿﮭﻢ‬ ‫وﻟﯿﺴﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻣﺎن‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وأھﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬ ،!‫ﻖ‬‫ﺗﻮاﻓ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻀﻼﻟﺔ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻻن‬‫وا‬ ،‫ﺪى‬‫اﻟﮭ‬‫ﯿﺲ‬‫وﻟ‬ ‫ﺎب‬‫اﻟﻜﺘ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫أﺋﻤ‬ ‫ﺄﻧﮭﻢ‬‫ﻛ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﻮا‬ ‫واﻓﺘﺮﻗ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻔﺮﻗ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﻮم‬‫اﻟﻘ‬ ‫ﺎﺟﺘﻤﻊ‬‫ﻓ‬ ،‫ﺎ‬‫اﺟﺘﻤﻌﺘ‬ ‫ن‬‫ﻋﻨﺪھﻢ‬ ‫ﯾﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻢ‬ ،‫إﻣﺎﻣﮭﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬‫إﻻ‬‫ﻮن‬‫ﯾﻌﺮﻓ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ،‫ﻤﮫ‬‫اﺳ‬‫إﻻ‬‫ﻞ‬‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﻟﺤﯿﻦ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﻮا‬‫ﻣﺜﻠ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻗﺒ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫وﻣ‬ ،‫ﺮه‬‫وزﺑ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﺧﻄ‬‫اﻟﺴﯿﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وﺟﻌﻠﻮا‬ ،‫ﻓﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻗﮭﻢ‬ ‫ّﻮا‬‫ﻤ‬‫وﺳ‬ ،‫ﻣﺜﻠﮫ‬«)‫ﺧﻄﺒﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﮭﺞ‬147.(‫إن‬‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﻒ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬–‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻹﻣﺎم‬ ‫ﯾﻘﺪﻣﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬-‫ﯿﺲ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻮ‬‫ﻓﮭ‬ ،‫ﺬاﻓﯿﺮه‬‫ﺑﺤ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻤﯿﻦ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫اﻟﻮاﻗ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﻄﺒﻖ‬،‫اﻧﻘﻀﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻮاﻗﻊ‬ ‫وﺻﻔﺎ‬‫وإﻧﻤﺎ‬‫ﮫ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻣﺘﺪادا‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻮاﻗﻊ‬ ‫وﺻﻒ‬‫ﻞ‬‫ﺑﻜ‬ ‫ﯿﻦ‬‫ورھ‬ ،‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﯿﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻶﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻮﻣﺎﺗﮫ‬،‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎب‬ ‫واﻟﮭﺠﺮ‬ ‫اﻷﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻣﮫ‬‫آن‬‫واﺣﺪ‬‫ﻛ‬ ،‫ﻚ‬‫ذﻟ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺗﺪل‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﺔ‬‫اﻵﯾ‬:)‫ﺎ‬‫ﯾ‬‫رب‬‫إن‬‫ﻮرا‬ ‫ﻣﮭﺠ‬ ‫ﺮآن‬ ‫اﻟﻘ‬ ‫ﺬا‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫ﺬوا‬ ‫اﺗﺨ‬ ‫ﻮﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻗ‬(30/25‫ﺪﯾﻦ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﺤﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﯿ‬ ،‫ﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﮭﺠ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫واﻟ‬ ‫ﺎذ‬ ‫اﻻﺗﺨ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﺸﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ،‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫واﺳﺘﻨﺎده‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻔﺼﺎﻟﮫ‬‫اﻵراء‬‫وﻟﻌﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﮭﻮ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬) :‫اﻟﺤﯿﺎة‬ ‫وﻏﺮﺗﮭﻢ‬ ‫وﻟﻌﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﮭﻮا‬ ‫دﯾﻨﮭﻢ‬ ‫اﺗﺨﺬوا‬ ‫اﻟﺬﯾﻦ‬‫اﻟﺪﻧﯿﺎ‬(51/7.‫ﻓﺤﻞ‬‫اﻷزﻣﺔ‬‫ﻻﺑﺪ‬‫أن‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﺨﺬ‬‫ﻞ‬‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﻮ‬‫وھ‬ ،‫ﺪة‬‫اﻟﻮﺣ‬ ‫ﺮة‬‫ﻓﻜ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻓﯿﮭ‬ ‫ﺲ‬‫ﯾﺆﺳ‬ ،‫اﻧﻄﻼق‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻘﻞ‬‫ﺪ‬‫وﺗﺤﺪﯾ‬ ،‫ﺴﻠﯿﻢ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﻔﻜ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫رﺳﻢ‬ ‫إﻋﺎدة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄﺳﯿﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﻄﻮي‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮي‬،‫ﮫ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺸﻄﻄﯿﺔ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺎت‬‫اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻘ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻤ‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻗ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻋﺒ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫وراﺛ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻤﻨﺎه‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺬي‬‫اﻟ‬ ،‫ﺮاث‬‫واﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺎرﯾﺦ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫ذﻟ‬ ‫ﺲ‬‫ﻠﻤ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وإﻧﺠﺎز‬ ،‫اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻒ‬‫ﻮروث‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮاث‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺪﯾﺔ‬ ‫دراﺳﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬‫ﺬاھﺐ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻋﯿ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﺣﻤﻠﺘ‬ ‫ﺬي‬‫اﻟ‬،‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ،‫ﺎت‬ ‫وﺟﻤﺎﻋ‬ ‫ﺄﻓﺮاد‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﮭ‬ ‫ﻮم‬‫ﺗﻘ‬‫أن‬‫ﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻮر‬‫ﯾﺘﺒﻠ‬ ،‫ﺴﻖ‬ ‫وﻣﻨ‬ ‫ﻨﻈﻢ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﻮم‬ ‫ﯾﻘ‬‫ﺎد‬ ‫ﺟ‬‫ﻮث‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﺤ‬،‫اﻟﻌﻘﻼﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺄﺳﯿﺲ‬ ،‫اﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺄزق‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫وﯾﺘﺠﺎوز‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻘﻞ‬ ‫أزﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﮭﺪف‬ ،‫واﻟﺪراﺳﺎت‬‫ﺗﻘﯿﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﻟﺠﺬورھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺻﯿﻞ‬ ‫دون‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﺒﺘﻮرة‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎرﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﺘﺨﻄﻰ‬ ،‫وﺣﺪﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﺔ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻟﻸﻣ‬ ‫ﺪوي‬‫اﻟﻮﺣ‬ ‫ﺸﺮوع‬‫ﻟﻠﻤ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫اﻷوﻟ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫وﺑﻘﻄﯿﻌﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﺘﺮاث‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮﯾﺔ‬.‫ﺎءات‬‫ﺑﻨ‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫ذﻟ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ّ‫ﻟ‬‫ﻓﯿﺘﻮ‬‫ﻻﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬ ،‫اﻷﺻﻮل‬ ‫ﻣﺠﮭﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫وﻓﺮوع‬ ،‫اﻷﺳﺎس‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻗﺪة‬ ‫ﻓﻮﻗﯿﺔ‬‫أن‬‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ،‫رﺿﺎھﺎ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺛﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮز‬‫ﻦ‬‫ﻻﯾﻤﻜ‬‫ﻟﮭﺎ‬‫أن‬‫ﻓﻨﺎﺋﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺬور‬ ‫ﻣﻌﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫وھﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻮﻟﺪ‬ ،‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮة‬ ‫أﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ھﻤﺘﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻨﮭﺾ‬.‫ﺸﺮوع‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺎء‬‫ﺟ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺮؤﯾ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎء‬)‫ﺆول‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺮآن‬‫اﻟﻘ‬(‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻠﺒﻨ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻟﯿﻤﺜ‬ ‫ﻀﻌﮫ‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺬي‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫اﻷول‬ ‫ﺎب‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻧﺮﯾ‬ ‫ﺬي‬‫اﻟ‬ ،‫ﺮي‬‫اﻟﻔﻜ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺼﺮح‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺄﺳﯿﺴﯿﺔ‬‫أن‬‫ﺎب‬‫ﻓﻜﺘ‬ ،‫ﺮه‬‫ﻧﻌﻤ‬»‫ﻞ‬‫اﻟﺘﺄوﯾ‬:‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺒﺎط‬‫اﻻﺳ‬ ‫ﻨﮭﺞ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﻼم‬‫اﻹﺳ‬«‫ﻮ‬‫ھ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻟﻸﻣ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫أﻟﻘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﺮآﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻮل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺎرئ‬ ‫ﺗﮭﺠﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺮؤﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﺮﺻﻮص‬ ‫ﻛﯿﺎﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﯿﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬.‫ﻒ‬‫وﻛﯿ‬ ‫ﺸﺄت‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻛﯿﻒ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎرھﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺴﺘﻌﺮض‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻮل‬ ‫وھﻲ‬

21. 21‫اﻧﺪﺛﺮت‬.‫ﻓﻨﻔ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫اﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﻛﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﻃﻮار‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎر‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻠﮫ‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬‫ﯿﮭﺎ‬‫ﻣﺎﺿ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺴﯿﺮة‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫ﺗﻠ‬ ‫ﺼﻞ‬‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ،‫وﺣﺎﺿﺮھﺎ‬‫أن‬،‫ﻞ‬‫اﻟﺘﺄوﯾ‬ ‫ﻨﮭﺞ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺮوط‬‫وﺷ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻟﻘﻮاﻋ‬ ‫ﺼﯿﻠﯿﺔ‬‫اﻟﺘﻔ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻢ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌ‬ ‫ﺎﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﺜ‬ ‫ﺴﻢ‬‫اﻟﻘ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺠﮫ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﺣﻘﺒ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎدم‬‫اﻟﻘ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫واﻵﺧ‬ ،‫ﻼم‬‫اﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﺪر‬‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﺤﺎﺿ‬ ،‫اﻷول‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫اﻟﺮﻋﯿ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮوﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺜﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻄﺒﯿﻘﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻨﺪة‬‫اﻷوﺻﯿﺎء‬.‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﯿﺘﮭ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺘﺤﻦ‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬ ‫إﺟﻼء‬ ‫وﺑﻌﺪ‬‫اﻟﻮﺣﻲ‬ ‫رؤى‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻹﺟﻼء‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻄﺒﯿﻘﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫أزﻣﺔ‬ ‫وﺟﻮه‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼت‬ ‫ﻛﺤﻠﻮل‬ ،‫اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬.‫ﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻖ‬‫اﻟﻼﺣ‬ ‫ﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻤﺜﻞ‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮﯾ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﺒﻨ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫وﻓ‬)‫ﺆول‬ ‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺮآن‬ ‫اﻟﻘ‬(،‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻨﻦ‬‫وﺳ‬ ‫ﺷﺮوط‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺘﻌﺮف‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﺮآﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﮭﺞ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻄﺒﻖ‬‫ﺎدر‬‫اﻟﻘ‬ ،‫ﺎﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﺮﺑ‬ ‫ﺴﺎن‬‫اﻹﻧ‬ ‫ﺪى‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻌﺮﻓ‬‫واﺟﺘﺮاح‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻐﯿﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﺒﺆ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺼﻮر‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺎء‬‫ﺑﻨ‬ ‫ﺸﺮوع‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻼﺣﻘ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮﯾ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وﻧﺘﺎﺑﻊ‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﻌﺠﺰات‬‫ﺎرﯾﺦ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻣﺮاﺣ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫أھ‬ ‫ﯿﻞ‬‫ﺗﻔﺎﺻ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺮاض‬‫واﺳ‬ ،‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫وآﻟﯿﺔ‬ ،‫اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮآﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﻤﺆو‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻨﺎوﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ،‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬‫ل‬‫ﻼف‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﻠﻘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﯿﻞ‬‫ﺎء‬‫ﺑﻨ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻟﻨﻌﯿ‬ ،‫ﺎس‬‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺣﺠ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻓﯿﮭ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫وﺿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎءت‬‫ﺟ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫اﻷﺻﻮل‬ ‫ﻗﻮاﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺘﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺳﺲ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮي‬ ‫ﺻﺮح‬‫ﺎ‬‫ذاﺗﮭ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ھ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫واﻟﺘ‬ ،‫ﺬھﺐ‬‫واﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺮق‬‫اﻟﻔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻌﺖ‬‫وﺿ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮﯾ‬ ‫ﻮل‬‫اﻷﺻ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺠﺎوزﯾﻦ‬ ،‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫وﺣﺪة‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿﺪي‬ ‫اﻟﺪﯾﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﮭﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻛﻤﺔ‬‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮا‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻃﯿﮫ‬.‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬ ‫ﺗﻤﻜﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﺎف‬ ‫ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ھﺎدﻓﯿﻦ‬‫ﺎﻧﻲ‬‫ﺑﯿ‬ ‫ﺧﻂ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﺤﺮﻛﺖ‬ ،‫اﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬ ‫اﺑﺘﺪأھﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻷوﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﻄﻼﻗﺘﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺻﻠﮫ‬ ،‫ذاﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓ‬ ‫ﺎج‬‫وإﻧﺘ‬ ،‫ﻢ‬‫اﻟﻌﻠ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿ‬ ‫ﺎﺗﯿﺢ‬‫ﻣﻔ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺪھﺎ‬‫ﯾ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺑﻮﺿ‬ ،‫ﺼﺮ‬‫اﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻮاﻛﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﺄھﯿﻞ‬ ،‫ﺻﺎﻋﺪ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ،‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة‬ ‫ﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﻤﻮن‬ ‫اﻷواﺋﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻮن‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻤﺜﻠﻰ‬‫أن‬‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﮭﻮا‬‫اﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬.‫اﻟﻤﺘﻔﺮج‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮة‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ّل‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻟﺘﺘﺤ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮف‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﺼﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻹﻧﺠﺎزات‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻟﮭﺬا‬ ‫ھﺠﺮان‬ ‫ﻃﻮل‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ،‫اﻷﻣﻢ‬ ‫ّم‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﺗﻘ‬ ‫رﻛﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﻮد‬ ،‫واﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻮاﻧﯿﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻜﺘﺸﻒ‬‫اﻟﺬي‬ ،‫اﻟﺮﯾﺎدي‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‬،‫ﮫ‬‫ﻟﺘﺒﻮﺋ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻌ‬ ‫ﻼم‬‫اﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺔ‬‫رﺳ‬ ‫ﺎءت‬‫ﺟ‬‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻘ‬) :‫ﺎس‬‫ﻟﻠﻨ‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫أﺧﺮﺟ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫أﻣ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺧﯿ‬ ‫ﺘﻢ‬‫ﻛﻨ‬(110/3‫ﺬه‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻟﻜ‬ ،‫ﻮل‬ّ‫ﺤ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺪث‬‫ﯾﺤ‬ ‫ﺬﻟﻚ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ّ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻋ‬ ،‫ﺚ‬‫اﻟﺒﺤ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻨﯿﻦ‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮر‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﺧﺮج‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎﯾﺎت‬،‫ﺷﻌﻮﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫وآﻣﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻠﻌﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وﯾﺴﮭﻢ‬ ،‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ّﻨﺎء‬‫ﺒ‬‫اﻟ‬‫اﻟﺴﺪاد‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺟﻮ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺣﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫وﻟﻮ‬. ‫إن‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أردت‬ ،‫ﺳﻨﻮات‬ ‫ﻋﺪة‬ ‫اﻣﺘﺪاد‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺬل‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﯿﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻠﻮرت‬ ‫اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺎوﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮة‬‫ﺧﻼﻟﮫ‬‫أن‬‫ﻛﻮﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ،‫اﻟﺪﯾﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻘﯿﻘﺔ‬ ‫أﺗﺤﺮى‬‫إﻧﺴﺎﻧﺎ‬‫ﯾﺮﯾﺪ‬ ،‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻ‬‫أن‬‫ﻦ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺎة‬‫اﻟﺤﯿ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﯾﺘﺤﻤ‬‫أﻋ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻠﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ،‫ﻗﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬‫ﻤﻰ‬.‫ﻮل‬‫اﻟﺘﺤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻋﻤﯿﻘ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑ‬ ‫ﺪﯾﻨﻲ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺮاث‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫واﻟﺘﻨﻘﯿ‬ ‫ﺚ‬‫اﻟﺒﺤ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺜﻠﺖ‬‫اﻷﻧﺒﯿﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﻘﯿﺪة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻵﺑﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﻘﯿﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮي‬.‫ﺧﻼﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ھﺪﻓﺖ‬ ،‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺪاﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻧﺒﺜﻘﺖ‬

22. 22‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ،‫وأذﻛﺎرھﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫أﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫رﻣﺰﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺘﺰﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻻﻻت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﺮف‬‫أن‬‫اﻟﺮﻣﺰﯾﺔ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﺖ‬‫أﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬،‫اﻷﺣﺎدﯾﺚ‬‫وأﺛﻨﺎء‬‫اﺳﺘﻄﻌﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬‫أن‬‫ﻮﺣﻲ؛‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺎﻻت‬‫رﺟ‬ ‫ﻮﻻت‬‫ﻣﻘ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫أﺗﻠﻤﺲ‬‫إن‬‫ﻲ‬‫ھ‬ ‫ﺼﻮرھﻢ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺼﻼة‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﺎد‬ ‫واﻷﺑﻌ‬ ،‫ﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاﻗ‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫وﺗﻄ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ،‫ﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺮد‬ ‫اﻟﻔ‬ ‫ﺎة‬ ‫ﺣﯿ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺘ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺮى‬ ‫ﻛﺒ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺰان‬ ‫ﺧ‬‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﯿﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻀﺎرﯾﺔ‬‫؛‬‫ﺸﻔﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﺘ‬ ‫ﺎر‬‫واﻷﻓﻜ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫ﺗﻠ‬ ‫ﻮء‬‫ﺿ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫أﺣﺪد‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻠﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬،‫ﺚ‬‫اﻟﺒﺤ‬ ‫ﻮان‬‫ﻋﻨ‬‫ﻓﻜﺎن‬:)‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻀﺎرة‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬(.‫ﺑﯿﺪ‬‫أﻧﻲ‬‫ﻣﻨﮭﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وﺷﺮﻋﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﺖ‬‫اﻟﻔﻘﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط‬،‫ﻷﻧﻲ‬،‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺚ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫ﻣﻔﮭﻮم‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫اﻛﺘﺸﻔﺖ‬‫أ‬‫ن‬‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺮا‬‫ﻛﺒﯿ‬ ‫ﻄﺮا‬‫ﺷ‬‫اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺎوﻟ‬ ‫ﺚ‬‫اﻷﺣﺎدﯾ‬ ‫ﺮاث‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺘﻢ‬‫ﯾﮭ‬ ،‫ﻮع‬ ‫ﻠﻤﻮﺿ‬‫ﺼﻼة‬‫ﺎﻟ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻌﺎﻧﯿﮭ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻧﺎﺣﯿ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫ﻀﺎﻣﯿﻨﮭﺎ‬‫وﻣ‬،‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﯿﻨﻤ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺲ‬‫ﺆﺳ‬‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬‫ﺎﻻ‬‫أﻓﻌ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎرھ‬ ‫ﺼﻼة‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺎول‬‫ﯾﺘﻨ‬ ‫ﺬي‬‫اﻟ‬ ،ً‫ﺎ‬ّ‫ﻤ‬‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫اﻷﻗ‬ ،‫ﺎﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﺜ‬ ‫ﺸﻄﺮ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺎس‬‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿﺪﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﮭﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﻮث‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻓﻜﺮﯾ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺔ‬‫ورﺳ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ‬‫ﻛﻤ‬ ‫ﺼﻼة‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺎول‬‫ﯾﺘﻨ‬ ‫ﺬي‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫اﻷول‬ ‫ﺸﻄﺮ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫وﯾﮭﻤ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﻌﯿﻨ‬ ‫ﺸﺮوط‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮوﻃﺔ‬ ‫وأذﻛﺎرا‬‫وروﺣﯿﺔ‬)(.‫ا‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻨ‬ ‫ﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻌ‬ ‫ﺬي‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ،‫ﺄزوم‬ ‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺿ‬ ‫ﺬا‬ ‫وھ‬‫ﺼﻼة‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﻘﺘ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﮭﯿ‬ ‫ﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺼﻼة‬ ‫ﻟ‬‫دﯾﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫وﺷﻌﯿﺮة‬ ‫إﺳﻼﻣﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺠﺰﺋﯿﺔ‬‫ﻣﻘﺪس‬ ‫وﻃﻘﺲ‬.‫ﺸﻒ‬‫ﺗﻜ‬ ،‫ﺪﯾﻦ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ّﻨﺔ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﺋﯿﺘﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ‬.‫إذ‬ ،‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وﯾﻨﻄﺒﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺮاﺋﺾ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﺴﺤﺐ‬ ‫ذاﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﺤﺎﻟﮭﺎ‬‫اﻷ‬ ‫ﺗﺮاث‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﯿﻨﻤﺎ‬‫ﺮاﺋﺾ‬‫اﻟﻔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻟﺒﻘﯿ‬ ‫ﺎول‬‫اﻟﻤﺘﻨ‬ ‫ﺚ‬‫ﺣﺎدﯾ‬:‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﺎﻟﯿ‬ ‫ﺮاﺋﺾ‬‫واﻟﻔ‬ ،‫ﺞ‬‫واﻟﺤ‬ ،‫ﺼﻮم‬‫ﻛﺎﻟ‬‫ﻚ‬‫ﺗﻠ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﯾﺠ‬ ‫ﺎد‬‫واﻟﺠﮭ‬ ،‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﻤﻨﻜ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫واﻟﻨﮭ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮوف‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺎﻷﻣﺮ‬‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿ‬ ‫ﺎوﯾﻦ‬‫اﻟﻌﻨ‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫واﻟﺨﻤﺲ‬ ،‫ﻛﺎﻟﺰﻛﺎة‬‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﻣﯿﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎول‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺷﺮوﻃﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺄﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫اﻷﺣﺎدﯾﺚ‬ ‫ﺗﺮاث‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎوﻟﮭﺎ‬ ،‫اﻷﺧﺮى‬ ‫ھﻲ‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﻨﺎوﯾﻦ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻣﺖ‬‫اﻟﺸﻌ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬‫اﻟﺮوح‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎم‬ ‫ﺎﺋﺮ‬.‫ﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺪا‬‫ﺑﻌﯿ‬ ‫ﺼﻼة‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺖ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻠ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﻤ‬ ،‫اﻟﻔﻘﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻠﺖ‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬‫اﻟﻌﻤﯿﻘﺔ‬‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫واﻟﻐﺎﯾﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫؛‬‫إن‬‫ﻼﻣﻲ‬‫اﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﻮان‬‫ﻟﻠﻌﻨ‬ ‫ﺎت‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺤﺎﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻏﺎﺑﺖ‬-‫ﺎد‬‫ﯾﻜ‬ ‫ﺬي‬‫اﻟ‬‫أﺻﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻌﺎﺋﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎرﺳﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﺤﺼﺮ‬-‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﮭﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫أﺳﻤﺎء‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬.‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫وھﺬا‬‫ﺑﺤﺪﯾﺚ‬ ‫ﯾﺬﻛﺮﻧﺎ‬‫ﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻼم‬ ‫اﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﺎﻇﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺳ‬:»‫ﻤﮫ‬ ‫اﺳ‬ ‫إﻻ‬ ‫ﻼم‬ ‫اﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ﯾﺒ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻟ‬«‫ﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫وﺗﺮﺗ‬ ،)(‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ‬ ‫إن‬‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺮج‬‫ﯾﺨ‬ ‫ﺬي‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺼﻮر‬ ‫ﯾﻘﺎرن‬ ‫ﺣﯿﻦ‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﮭﺎء‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫ﻤﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬‫ﺑﺼﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﺼﺎب‬ ‫أن‬ ،‫ﻻﺑﺪ‬ ،‫واﻷﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺣﺎدﯾﺚ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﺿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺼﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﮭﺎء‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬!‫ﻛﯿﻒ‬ ‫إذ‬‫اﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺤﺎﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﮫ‬ ‫داﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫ﻣﻔﮭﻮم‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ّل‬‫ﻮ‬‫اﻟﺘﺤ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫وﺟﺪ‬‫ﻣﻔﺮغ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺮاھﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﮭﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺐ‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.‫رﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫وﺑﺼﻮرة‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﺘﺄﺧﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﮭﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻨﺎﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﻠﻘﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫أن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺆﺳﻒ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬‫ﮫ‬‫اﻟﻔﻘ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻔﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺎدات‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻘﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻷداء‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻠﯿﺎت‬ ‫دﻗﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﺿﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎوﻟﺘﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺳﻮاس‬ ‫ﯾﺼﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺎرع‬.‫ا‬ ‫إن‬ ،‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وﺗﺮﺗﺐ‬‫اﻟﺪﻗﯿﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷداء‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻠﯿﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻀﺒﻂ‬ ،‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫إﻧﺠﺎزه‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﺘﮭﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻠﯿﻔﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﺸﻌﺮ‬ ‫ﺻﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺼﻠﻲ‬‫ﯾﻔﻘﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ،‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻐﯿﺐ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺪ‬ ،‫واﻟﻀﻤﯿﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﺎرﺗﯿﺎح‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺈذا‬ ،‫وأذﻛﺎرھﺎ‬ ‫ﻷﻓﻌﺎﻟﮭﺎ‬‫داﺧ‬ ‫ﻟﯿﺲ‬ ‫ﻓﺬﻟﻚ‬ ،‫وأذﻛﺎرھﺎ‬ ‫أﻓﻌﺎﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫رﻣﺰﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻤﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﯿﺌﺎ‬‫ﺿﻤﯿﺮه‬ ‫ﯾﺆﻧﺒﮫ‬ ‫ﻻن‬ ‫ﯾﺪﻋﻮ‬ ‫وﻻ‬ ،‫ﺗﻜﻠﯿﻔﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻞ‬.

23. 23،‫ﻗﯿﻤﺘﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻌﺎﺋﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎرﺳﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﯾﺪ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ‬‫وأﺻﺒﺢ‬‫ﯾﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ،‫وﺗﺮﻛﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﺎزل‬ ‫اﻟﯿﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﯾﻘﺘﺼﺮ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻧﺘﻤﺎؤھﻢ‬ ،‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﺘﻤﻮن‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺜﯿﺮون‬‫ﺴﺐ‬‫ﻓﺤ‬ ‫اﻟﮭﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬.‫ﺒﺢ‬‫وأﺻ‬‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﺮﻋﺖ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ،‫ﺎت‬‫اﻟﻐﺎﯾ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺎﻗﺾ‬‫ﺗﺘﻨ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻗ‬ ،‫ﺮى‬‫أﺧ‬ ‫ﺮاض‬‫أﻏ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻌﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﱠﻒ‬‫ﻇ‬‫ُﻮ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻟـ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻔﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﯿﺴﯿﺮ‬‫ﻟﮭﺎ‬.‫ﺮ‬ ‫اﻋﺘﺒ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿﺪﯾ‬ ‫ﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻒ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺻ‬ ‫ﺬا‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺼﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺨﻠ‬‫أن‬‫ﺎدات‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒ‬‫ﻤﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺳ‬ ‫ﯿﻐﺘﮭﺎ‬‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ،‫ﺸﻌﺎﺋﺮ‬‫واﻟ‬‫ﺸﻜﻠﯿﺔ‬‫واﻟ‬‫ﮫ‬‫اھﺘﻤﺎﻣ‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺠ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ھ‬ ،.‫ﺬ‬ ‫ﻟ‬‫ﻖ‬‫ﯾﺘﻌﻠ‬ ‫ﺚ‬ ‫اﻷﺣﺎدﯾ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻘ‬ ‫ﺘﻢ‬‫اھ‬ ‫ﻟﻚ‬‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎدات‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒ‬ ‫ﻖ‬‫اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫اﻵﺧ‬ ‫ﺰء‬ ‫اﻟﺠ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫وأھﻤ‬ ،‫ﺸﻐﺎﻟﮫ‬ ‫اﻧ‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻣﺠ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻨ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫وﺟﻌ‬ ،‫ﺎدات‬‫ﻟﻠﻌﺒ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﯿ‬ ‫ﺼﻮرة‬‫ﺑﺎﻟ‬‫ﯿﺌﺎ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﻋﺒﺎدﺗ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﯾﻘﺪح‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ،‫ﯾﺪرﻛﮫ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫أم‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪ‬ ‫أدرﻛﮫ‬ ،‫اﻟﻨﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺜﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻋﺘﺒﺮه‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ،‫وﻣﺤﺘﻮاھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﻣﯿﻨﮭﺎ‬.‫اﻟﻔ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﻇﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎدة‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺼﺒﺢ‬‫ﻞ‬‫اﻟﻌﻘ‬ ‫ﺎر‬‫إﻃ‬ ‫ﺎرج‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﻤﺎرﺳ‬ ،‫ﮭﻢ‬.،‫ﻲ‬‫اﻵﻟ‬ ‫اﻷداء‬ ‫ﻮ‬‫ھ‬ ‫ﻮب‬‫اﻟﻤﻄﻠ‬ ‫إذ‬‫واﻟﺨﻀﻮع‬ ‫اﻹذﻋﺎن‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻠﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻮﺟﮫ‬.‫أﺿﯿﻒ‬ ‫ﺳﻮاء‬‫إﻟﯿﮫ‬‫ﻚ‬‫ذﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﯿﺲ‬ ،‫ﯾﻀﻒ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫أم‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‬‫اﻟﺸﺄن‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻀﯿﺔ‬.‫وأﺻﺒﺢ‬‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺮﺟﻢ‬‫ﺗﺘ‬ ،‫ﺼﻠﺔ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺎد‬‫اﻟﻌﺒ‬ ‫ﺎة‬‫ﺣﯿ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﺖ‬‫ﻻﯾﻤ‬ ‫ﺎدي‬‫اﻟﻌﺒ‬ ‫اﻷداء‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫ذﻟ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫رﻣﺰﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻄﻮي‬‫ﻌﺒﺎدات‬.‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫اﻧﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬-‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﮭﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﺼﺮ‬-‫ﻋﻦ‬‫اﻟﺤﯿﺎة‬.،‫ﺎدات‬‫ﻟﻠﻌﺒ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻔﻘﮭﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺮؤﯾ‬ ‫ﯿﻦ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻋﻨ‬ ‫ﺪه‬‫ﻧﺠ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ،‫اﻟﺼﺎرخ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﺎﻗﺾ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻮﻗﻔﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫وھﺬا‬‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮؤﯾ‬ ‫ﯿﻦ‬‫وﺑ‬‫ﺚ‬ ‫اﻷﺣﺎدﯾ‬‫ﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺤ‬ ‫ﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻄﺎﻟﻌﻨ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻤ‬ ،‫ﻀﻤﻮﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺎدات‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒ‬ ‫ﺼﻞ‬‫ﻻﺗﻔ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮاﺛﯿ‬‫ﯾﺚ‬‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻹﻣﺎم‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮوي‬)‫ع‬(‫ﯾﻘﻮل‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺚ‬ ،‫ﻛﻤﯿﻞ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺟﮫ‬:»‫ﻛﻤﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬!‫اﻟﺸﺄن‬ ‫ﻟﯿﺲ‬‫أن‬‫وﺗﺼﻮم‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻠﻲ‬‫اﻟﺸﺄن‬ ،‫وﺗﺘﺼﺪق‬‫أن‬‫ﺳﻮي‬ ‫وﺧﺸﻮع‬ ،‫ﻣﺮﺿﻲ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫وﻋﻤﻞ‬ ،‫ﻧﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬«،)،‫اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺴﻲ‬،‫اﻷﻧﻮار‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺎر‬84/230(‫ﯾﺒﯿﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﺬي‬ ،‫أن‬‫ﺑﺎﻷداء‬ ‫ﻟﯿﺴﺖ‬ ،‫واﻟﺸﻌﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻗﯿﻤﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﯿﻤﺔ‬ ‫إﻧﻤﺎ‬ ،‫اﻷﺟﻮف‬‫ﺎدات‬‫اﻟﻌﺒ‬ ‫ﺬه‬‫ھ‬ ‫رﻣﺰﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺘﺰﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬.‫ﺼﻌﯿﺪ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫واﻟﺘﻄﮭ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘﺰﻛ‬ ‫ﺎدات‬‫اﻟﻌﺒ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪف‬‫ﻓﺎﻟﮭ‬‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﺮﺟﻢ‬‫ﻓﺘﺘ‬ ،‫اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻔﺴﯿﺔ‬ ‫واﻷﻣﺮاض‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺮدي‬‫اﻟﺨﺸﻮ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫وﺗﺼﻞ‬ ،‫اﻟﺤﯿﺎة‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺛﺮ‬ ‫واﻗﻊ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﻼﺗﮭﺎ‬‫اﻻﻧﻘﯿﺎد‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﻤﻜﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ،‫ع‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﷲ‬‫رﺑﯿﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎد‬ ‫وأﻓﺮادھﺎ‬ ‫رﺑﺎﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻜﻮن‬ ،‫وﻧﮭﻰ‬ ‫أﻣﺮ‬.‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺤﯿﺎﺗﯿ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫وﻋﻄﺎءاﺗﮭ‬ ‫ﺼﻼة‬‫ﻟﻠ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ‬ ‫وھﺬه‬‫ﺑﻘﻮﻟﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬ ‫ﻋﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ھﻲ‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﻠﻤﻮﺳﺔ‬:»‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺰدد‬‫ﯾ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺤﺸﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻼﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﮭﮫ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫اﷲ‬‫إﻻ‬‫ﺑﻌﺪا‬«،)‫اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺴﻲ‬‫ﺑﺤﺎر‬ ،‫اﻷﻧﻮار‬،82/198.(‫وﻋﻦ‬‫اﻹﻣﺎم‬‫اﻟﺼﺎدق‬:»‫اﻋﻠﻢ‬‫إن‬‫اﷲ‬ ‫ﺰة‬‫ﺣﺠ‬ ‫ﺼﻼة‬‫اﻟ‬‫أﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻦ‬ ،‫اﻷرض‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫أن‬‫ﻓﻠﯿﻨﻈﺮ‬ ،‫ﺻﻼﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﺪرك‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﻠﻢ‬‫ﻓﺈن‬‫ﻮاﺣﺶ‬‫اﻟﻔ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﺣﺠﺰﺗ‬ ‫ﻼﺗﮫ‬‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬،‫واﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮ‬‫ﻓﺈﻧﻤﺎ‬‫اﺣﺘﺠﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺪر‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻌﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أدرك‬«)،‫اﻷﻧﻮار‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺎر‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺴﻲ‬78/199.(‫إن‬‫ﻮى‬ ‫اﻧﻄ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻤ‬ ‫ﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤ‬ ‫ﺬا‬ ‫ھ‬‫ﺎد‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫وﺑﻤ‬ ‫ﺎرات‬ ‫إﺛ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿ‬‫ﮫ‬ ‫إﻟﯿ‬‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺼﻼة‬‫ﺑﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘ‬ ‫ﺴﺎؤﻻت‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫ﺎﻟﻢ‬‫ﻣﻌ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺸﻒ‬‫اﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﺪف‬‫ﺑﮭ‬ ،‫ﺼﻼة‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺴﺎؤل‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫اﻧﺘﻘ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺟﻌﻠﻨ‬ ‫ﺬي‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ھﻮ‬ ،‫اﻟﻔﻘﮭﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﮭﺎ‬

24. 24‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪﯾﻦ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻓﯿﮭ‬ ‫ﻮل‬‫ﺗﺤ‬ ،‫ﻮﻻت‬‫ﺗﺤ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻔﻘﮭﯿ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﻃﺮأ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺴﺎؤل‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﻔﻘﻮد‬ ‫ﺟﻮھﺮھﺎ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻻھﺘﻤﺎم‬،‫اﻷﻓﺮاد‬ ‫ﻓﻘﮫ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﮫ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺸﻮر‬ ‫اﻻھﺘﻤﺎم‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻮة‬‫دﻋ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﯿﺎة‬ ‫دﻋﻮة‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬،‫اﻟﻤﻮت‬‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ،‫ﺮة‬‫اﻵﺧ‬ ‫ﺴﺐ‬‫ﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﺪﻧﯿﺎ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫زراﻋ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫وﻣ‬ ،‫ﺮد‬‫اﻟﻔ‬ ‫ﺎذ‬‫ﻹﻧﻘ‬ ‫ﺸﺮوع‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻢ‬‫اﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﺎذ‬‫ﻹﻧﻘ‬ ‫ﺸﺮوع‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫وﻣ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺎد‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ،‫اﻷرض‬ ‫أﻣﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺎد‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬ ،‫اﻵﺧﺮة‬ ‫وﺗﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻧﯿﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوف‬‫ﺬات‬‫اﻟﻜﺮﺳﻲ؟‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﻜﺎﻟﺐ‬ ،‫اﻟﺴﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫وإﺣﺮاز‬.!!‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﺳﺒﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺪ‬ ،‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﺘﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺈذا‬‫ﮫ‬‫اﻟﻔﻘ‬ ‫ﺮة‬‫داﺋ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺪﯾﻦ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮل‬،‫اﻟﻔﺮدﯾﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻏﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﯿﺚ‬‫داﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻌﻲ‬ ‫وﺑﻜﯿﺎﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺆون‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﮭﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬‫ﻣﺪﯾﺪة‬ ‫ﻗﺮون‬ ‫ﻃﻮال‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺑﻮ‬‫ﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﻌﺸﺮ‬.‫ﺗﺘﻨﺎول‬ ‫ﺟﺎدة‬ ‫ﻓﻘﮭﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻮث‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻘﺒﺔ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﻓﻄﻮال‬‫ﻣﺠﺎﻻت‬‫ﺮد‬‫ﺗﺠ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﻇﮭﺮت‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ،‫واﻟﺪﻓﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬ ‫واﻷﻣﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫واﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﯿﺎة‬‫ﻼم‬‫اﻹﺳ‬‫ﺔ‬‫واﻟﺪوﻟ‬ ‫ﺴﯿﺎﺳﺔ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺣﻘ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫رؤﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.‫ﺬﻟﻚ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﺤﻰ‬‫أﺿ‬‫ﮫ‬‫ﻋﻼﻗﺘ‬ ‫ﯿﻢ‬‫وﺗﻨﻈ‬ ‫ﺮد‬‫اﻟﻔ‬ ‫ﺎذ‬‫ﻹﻧﻘ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫روﺣﯿ‬ ‫ﺸﺮوﻋﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪﯾﻦ‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﺑﺮﺑﮫ‬.!‫ﻊ‬‫ﻣﻮﻗ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫أﻛﺜ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺪوﻟ‬ ‫إدارة‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻤﮫ‬‫ﺑﺘ‬ ،‫ﺎة‬‫اﻟﺤﯿ‬ ‫ﺎﺣﺔ‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫اﻗﺘﺤﻢ‬ ‫وﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﺸﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻘﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻘﮫ‬ ‫وﻗﻊ‬ ،‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﺮﯾﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻛﯿﺎن‬‫ا‬‫ﮫ‬‫ﯾﺘﻮﺟ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫ﻷﻣﺔ‬‫ﺎ‬‫إﻟﯿﮭ‬‫اﻟﻔﺮد‬ ‫ﺪاﺋﺮة‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﺗﺒﻮﺗﻘ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻧﺘﯿﺠ‬ ،‫ﺚ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺤ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫اﻟﻔﻘ‬‫ﺪاﺋﺮة‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺪه‬‫ُﻌ‬‫ﺑ‬‫و‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫ﯾ‬‫اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬.‫اﻟﺤﯿﺎة‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮل‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻨﻈﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺆھﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻈﺎم‬ ،‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻮرة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﮭﺪف‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻤﻮﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮﯾﺎت‬ ‫وﻻﻧﻌﺪام‬‫ﻣﺤﺎوﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮة‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺮﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻷﺧﺬ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻮن‬ ‫ﻟﺠﺄ‬ ،‫اﺧﺘﻼﻓﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮة‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺼﻮص‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻘﺮاء‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ،‫وأﺳﻠﻤﺘﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺪھﺎ‬‫ﺸﺮﯾﻊ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣ‬ ‫واﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺪﯾﻨﯿﺔ‬.‫ﺐ‬‫ﻛﺘ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺗﻈﮭ‬ ‫ﺪأت‬‫وﺑ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻈ‬‫ﺗﻨ‬ ‫إﺳﻼﻣﯿﯿﻦ‬ ‫ّﺎب‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻟﻜ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺳﻼم‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺔ‬‫اﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﺆون‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﺈدارة‬‫ﺸﺎر‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻮل‬‫اﻟﺤﻘ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺎ‬‫إﻟﯿﮭ‬،‫إﻻ‬‫ﺎ‬‫أﻧﮭ‬‫ﺖ‬‫ﻛﺎﻧ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎﺗﮭﻢ‬‫ﻧﻈﺮﯾ‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫ذﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺗﻈﮭ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﻤ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫ﺟﻮھﺮﯾ‬ ‫ﻀﺎت‬‫ﺗﻨﺎﻗ‬ ‫ﺮوز‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻣ‬ ،‫ﺼﯿﻞ‬‫اﻟﺘﻔ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺰ‬‫واﻟﻌﺠ‬ ،‫ﯿﻢ‬‫اﻟﺘﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬‫واﻟﺴﻠ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫إدارة‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ‬‫ﻄﺔ‬.،‫ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺎزاﻟﺖ‬ ‫واﻷزﻣﺔ‬‫ﻷﻧﮭﺎ‬‫ﺘﻠﺨﺺ‬‫ﺗ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫ﺟﺬرﯾ‬ ‫ﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺎس‬‫أﺳ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮم‬‫ﺮة‬‫ﻣﺒﺘﻜ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣﻨﮭﺠﯿ‬ ‫ﻷداة‬ ‫ﻨﺺ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿ‬ ‫ﺎن‬‫وارﺗﮭ‬ ،‫ﻼم‬‫اﻹﺳ‬ ‫ﺮاث‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﮭﺠﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷداة‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺎب‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻀﮭﺎ‬‫ﺑﻌ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﯾﺮﺟ‬ ،‫ﻓﻜﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫وﻣﺪارس‬ ‫أﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺪة‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﻤﻲ‬ ،‫ﻣﻨﮭﺠﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﻓﻜﺎر‬ ‫ﻋﺪة‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻤﻊ‬ ،‫وﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮاﻛﻤﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﮭﻮد‬‫ﻟﻠﺪاﺋﺮة‬‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﯿﺔ‬‫ﺪاﺋﺮ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫إﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫اﻵﺧ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺾ‬‫واﻟ‬ ،‫ﺬاھﺒﮭﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻼف‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ة‬‫ﻖ‬‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄ‬ ‫ﺼﻮص‬‫وﺑﺎﻟﺨ‬ ،‫ﺔ‬‫اﻹﻏﺮﯾﻘﯿ‬‫اﻷرﺳﻄﻲ‬‫ﻲ‬‫اﻟﻌﺒﺎﺳ‬ ‫ﺼﺮ‬‫اﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫أدﺧﻠﺘﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫اﻹﻏﺮﯾﻘﯿﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ‬.‫ﺔ‬‫ﺑﺄزﻣ‬ ‫ﺴﺎس‬‫اﻹﺣ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫وﻣ‬‫ﺑﺪﯾﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﮭﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺤﺚ‬ ،‫ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮة‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎرﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﺪة‬ ‫اﻧﺒﺜﻘﺖ‬ ،‫اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﮭﺞ‬.‫إﻻ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺪﯾﻞ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺮز‬‫ﯾﺒ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫اﻧﮫ‬،‫ﺴﺘﻮى‬‫ﺎﻟﻤ‬،‫ﺴﺎﺋﺪ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻨﮭﺞ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻨﮭ‬ ‫ﺎﻧﻲ‬‫ﯾﻌ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻹﺷﻜﺎﻟﯿﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﺨﻠﺺ‬ ،‫اﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿﺪي‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﮭﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﺤﻞ‬‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮاث‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫وﯾﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬:)‫واﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬(‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫أدى‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫وھﺬا‬ ،‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﮭﻢ‬‫وأﺳ‬ ،‫اﻟﺘﻌﻘﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺰﯾﺪ‬‫اﻷزﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺤﺎل‬.