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NODAL
ANALYSIS
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∆𝑃𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙= 𝑃𝑟 − 𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑝
Pressure Drop Changes
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𝑃𝑟 − 𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑝 = ∆𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠 + ∆𝑃𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑔 + ∆𝑃𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑘𝑒 + ∆𝑃𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
Pressure drops in the production system:
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Node
𝑷𝑼𝒑𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒎 ∆𝑷𝑼𝒑𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒎 ∆𝑷𝑫𝒐𝒘𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒎 𝑷𝑫𝒐𝒘𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒎
Tekanan pada titik nodal yang kita tentukan, 𝑃𝑁𝑜𝑑𝑒 di hitung dengan:
• 𝑃𝑁𝑜𝑑𝑒 = 𝑃𝑈𝑆 − ∆𝑃 𝑢𝑝𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡 , atau
• 𝑃𝑁𝑜𝑑𝑒 = 𝑃𝐷𝑆 + ∆𝑃 𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡
Outflow from Node
Inflow to Node
Pressure,
𝑃
𝑁𝑜𝑑𝑒
Flow Rate, q
Nodal Analysis Approach
Plot 𝑃𝑁𝑜𝑑𝑒 vs q
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𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑝
Choke Valve
𝑃𝑤ℎ
Flow Line
𝑃𝑤𝑓
Tubing
Production System Components
• Reservoir
• Area around the wellbore
• Casing and tubing
• Restrictions
• Wellhead choke
• Flow line
• Joints, elbows, valve…etc.
• Separator
• Inflow
• Outflow
inflow
Outflow
𝑃𝑟
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𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑝
Choke Valve
𝑃𝑤ℎ
Flow Line
Tubing
Nodal Analysist Theory for Inflow
DD
DD
DD
DD
IPR
𝑃1
𝑃2
∆𝑝
∆𝑞
𝑞1 𝑞2
𝑆𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 =
∆𝑝
∆𝑞
𝑃𝐼 =
1
𝑆𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒
=
∆𝑞
∆𝑝
𝐵𝑃𝐷/𝑝𝑠𝑖
P
q
𝑷𝒘𝒇 𝑷𝒓
𝑃𝑟
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𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑝
Choke Valve
𝑃𝑤ℎ
Flow Line
Tubing
Nodal Analysist Theory for Inflow
P
q
𝑷𝒘𝒇 𝑷𝒓
Faktor yang mempengaruhi IPR:
𝑃𝑓𝑏ℎ = 𝑃𝑟 − ∆𝑃𝑟
𝑃𝑟, K, µ, Completion, Skin, 𝑃𝑏, Drainage Area
Higher 𝑃𝑟
Lower 𝑃𝑟
Higher K
Higher Skin
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𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑝
Choke Valve
𝑃𝑤ℎ
Flow Line
Tubing
Nodal Analysist Theory for Outflow
𝑷𝒘𝒇 𝑷𝒓
Outflow
𝑃𝑁𝑜𝑑𝑒 = 𝑃𝐷𝑆 + ∆𝑃 𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑃𝑓𝑏ℎ = 𝑃𝑤ℎ + ∆𝑃𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑃𝑓𝑏ℎ = 𝑃𝑤ℎ + ∆𝑃𝑓 + ∆𝑃𝑧
𝑃𝑓𝑏ℎ = 𝑃𝑤ℎ + ∆𝑃𝑓 + 𝜌 𝑔 ℎ
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P
q
Nodal Analysist Theory for Outflow
𝑃𝑓𝑏ℎ = 𝑃𝑤ℎ + ∆𝑃𝑓 + 𝜌 𝑔 ℎ
𝑃
𝑧 + 𝑃𝑤ℎ
VLP
Faktor Yang mempengaruhi kurva VLP
• 𝑃𝑤ℎ
• ID, Roughness
• 𝜌 𝐺𝑂𝑅, 𝑊𝑐𝑢𝑡, 𝐴𝑃𝐼 …
• Well depth
• Artificial Lift
Higher Wcut
Higher GOR
Higher 𝑃𝑤ℎ
Deeper well
Heavier Fluid
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𝑃𝑠𝑒𝑝
Choke Valve
𝑃𝑤ℎ
Flow Line
𝑃𝑤𝑓
Tubing
Nodal Analysis Theory for Total System
inflow
Outflow
𝑃𝑟
P
q
𝑃0
𝑞0
Inflow → 𝑃𝑓𝑏ℎ = 𝑃𝑟 − ∆𝑃𝑟
Outflow → 𝑃𝑓𝑏ℎ = 𝑃𝑤ℎ + ∆𝑃𝑓 + 𝜌 𝑔 ℎ
Applying Nodal Analysis
𝑞1 - Lower Wcut
𝑞1
𝑃1
𝑞2 - Higher 𝑃𝐼
𝑞2
𝑃2
𝑞3 - Higher 𝐺𝑂𝑅
𝑞3
𝑃3
𝑞4 - Smaller Tubing ID
𝑃4
𝑞4
𝑞5 - Deeper Well
𝑞5
𝑃5
𝑞6 - Higher 𝑃𝑟
𝑞6
𝑃6
𝑞7 - Higher 𝑃𝑤ℎ
𝑃7
𝑞7
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Nodal Analysis Pressure Drop Calculations