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TABLE OF CONTENTS
S. NO TOPIC PAGE NO.
1 Top B Schools in India 3
2 Institutes offering MBA in Logistics in India 4
RESEARCH REPORT
EDUCATION – INSTITUTIONS – INDUSTRY
INTAKE
‘LOGISTICS & SUPPLY CHAIN
MANAGEMENT’ AND
‘AGRIBUSINESS’
Compiled by.
Arunesh Chand Mankotia
2
3 Institutes offering MBA in Agriculture in India 5
4 Some institutes in France, Spain, Germany, New Zealand and UK 7
5 Companies that are into Supply Chain 13
6 Companies that are into Agribusiness 14
7 India and the Agriculture Industry 15
8 Indian Govt initiatives to upgrade agriculture 19
9 Global agriculture industry 26
10 Global Supply chain industry 29
11 Annexure I 30
12 Annexure II 33
13 Annexure III 35
14 Annexure IV 37
15 Annexure V 39
16 Annexure VI 41
3
TOP B-SCHOOLS IN INDIA
INSTITUTES OFFERING MBA IN LOGISTICS IN INDIA
• Indian Institute Of Logistics - Chennai, Tamil Nadu
• St. Xavier`s College - Kolkata, West Bengal
• Dr. V.N. Bedekar Institute of Management Studies - Thane, Maharashtra
• Amity School Of Distance Learning - Noida, Uttar Pradesh
• National Institute of Business Management - Chennai, Tamil Nadu
• The School Of Business Logistics - Chennai, Tamil Nadu
• Thakur Institute of Management Studies and Research (TIMSR) - Mumbai,
Maharashtra
• All India Institute of Management Studies - Chennai, Tamil Nadu
*For course details see Annexure I
4
INSTITUTIONS OFFERING COURSES IN AGRIBUSINESS
MANAGEMENT IN INDIA
• IIM Ahmadabad
• IIM Lucknow
• Amity Business School - MBA - Agriculture & Food Business
• Indian Agriculture Research Institute (IARI) – M.Sc. degree
• Aligarh Muslim University - Master of Agricultural Economics and Business Management (MAEBM)
• L.N. Welingker, Mumbai - 6 months part time Diploma in Agribusiness Management
• FMS, Varanasi, BHU - Master's programme in Agri-Business Administration
• National Institute of Agricultural Marketing, Kota Road, Bambala, Near Sanganer, Jaipur - 302033,
conducts an MBA-level programme, PGP in Agri-Business management.
• The Institute of Agri Business Management (IABM) - Established with financial assistance from the
World
Bank in 2000 under the Agricultural Development Project, as a constituent unit of Rajasthan Agricultural
University, Bikaner.
• Indian Institute of Management, Vastrapur, Ahmadabad conducts a full-time two year residential
programme in agri-business management.
• Indian Institute of Management, Prabandh Nagar, Off Sitapur Road, Lucknow conducts a full-time two-
year residential programme in agri-business management, designed with the specific objective of
developing
agribusiness leaders, entrepreneurs, and intrapreneurs with a vision, competence and appropriate attitude.
• University of Mumbai - garware institute of career education and development conducts POST
GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN AGRI - BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
• College of Agribusiness Management, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar -
263145, conducts a full-time two-year PG Programme, leading to MBA (Agribusiness). launching new
programmes -MBA for Engineers ,MBA in Food Retail and Supply Chain and Ph.D in Management
• Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad conducts course in Master in
agribusiness management.
• The Symbiosis group of Business Schools offers MBA in agri-business.
• National Institute of Rural Development, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad; holds several training
programmes for practising managers engaged in rural development.
• The Institute of Agribusiness Management (registered under the Centre for Agriculture and Rural
Development Society) has been developed with the noble objective to architect agribusiness
professionals.
• Kerala Agricultural University - MBA in Agri Business programme aims at empowering professional
graduates with critical management and entrepreneurial competencies enabling them to own and
manage agribusiness enterprises of global standards
• Centre for Food and Agribusiness Management (CFAM) also conducts courses in Agribusiness
Management
AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES OFFERING COURSE IN AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT IN INDIA
• Allahabad Agricultural University - Postgraduate Diploma in Agribusiness (The Institute also has two
other courses: MBA and PG Diploma in Business Administration)
• Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry - MBA (Agribusiness)
• Forest Research Institute (Dehra Dun) - M.Sc Forestry (Economics and Management)
• G B Pant University of Agriculture and Technology (College of Agribusiness Management) - MBA
(Agribusiness)
5
• Indian Institute of Forest Management (Bhopal) - P G Diploma in Forest Management, (Equivalent to
Master's Degree in the subject)
• Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwavidyalaya - Master of Agricultural Business Management (MABM)
• Kerala Agricultural University - B.Sc & M.Sc (Cooperative and Banking)
• Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya - MBA (Agribusiness)
• Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth - P G Diploma in Farm Business Management (Two-year duration)
• Mysore University - Master of Food and Agricultural Marketing Management (MFAMM)
• National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management (MANAGE), Hyderabad - P G Diploma in
AgricultureBusiness Management
• Punjab Agricultural University (College of Agribusiness Management) - MBA (Agribusiness
Management)
• Tamil Nadu Agricultural University - Master of Business Management (MBM), M.Sc (Agricultural
Marketing Management)
• Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University - Postgraduate Diploma in Business
Management
(Animal and Fisheries Sciences)
• University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore - B.Sc (Agricultural Marketing & Cooperation), M.Sc
(Agricultural Marketing)
• University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwar - B.Sc (Agricultural Marketing & Cooperation)
6
UNIVERSITIES AND INSTITUTES IN -
FRANCE
• Bordeaux Management School – BEM (Bordeaux, France)
• INSEAD, Paris (Located in Fountainebleu, Île-de-France, 65 km
south of
Paris, France)
• HEC MBA, Paris
• ENPC School of International Management, Paris
• College of France
• Ecole Normale Super
• Ecole Polytechnique
• University of Lyon I
• University of Montpellier II
• University of Paris
* For course details see Annexure II
SPAIN
• European University, Barcelona
7
• Universidad Carlos III De Madrid
• Escuela Europea De
Negocios
• IESE Business School in
Barcelona & Madrid
• Barcelona Business School
• ESEI International Business School, Barcelona
• ESADE Business School, Barcelona
• Valencia International Business School,
Spain
• EENI - International Business School of
Spain
* For course details see Annexure III
GERMANY
• Munich Business School
8
• Mannheim Business School (MBS)
• Gisma Business School
• University Of Applied Science Offenburg
• Frankfurt School of Finance & Management
* For course details see Annexure IV
NEW ZEALAND
• eBSI Export Academy - International Trade Courses Online
• University of Otago School of Business
• New Zealand College of Business, Christchurch
9
• Crown Institute of Studies, Auckland
* For course details Annexure V
UNITED KINGDOM
• Aston Business School, Birmingham
• Hamilton College London
• Kingston Business School at Kingston University, London
• London Academy for Higher Education, Stratford
• Eddie Collins-Hughes Training and Consultancy, London
10
• Cranfield School of Management
• Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester
• Leeds University Business School
• Lancashire Business School, University of Central Lancashire
• Nottingham Business School, Nottingham Trent University
* For course details see Annexure VI
11
COMPANIES THAT ARE INTO SUPPLY CHAIN
• TNT Express
• AFL
• Blue Dart
• Gati
• India
• Ashok Leyland
Agarwal Packers and Movers
• DTDC
• First Flight
• Dependable Distribution Centres (Logistics
Services), Los Angeles, CA, USA, North America
• Washington Group International (Logistics
Management), Mechanicsburg, PA, USA, North
America
• FedEx (Third Party logistics), USA, North
America
• A.T. Kearney (Logistics Consulting), Chicago, IL,
USA, North America
• National Institute of Transport and Logistics
Transportation and Logistics), Dublin, County
Dublin, Ireland, Europe
• Maersk logistics international a/s (Logistics),
Copenhagen, Denmark, Europe
• High Level Logistics L.L.C (Integrated logistics),
Dubai, UAE, Asia
• SpeNak Freight and Truck (Transportation and
Logistics), Istanbul, Turkey, Asia
• Global Apex Logistics Ltd (trucking), Lagos,
Nigeria, Africa
• HYT Logistics Company Limited (logistics),
Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, Asia
• Global Transportation and Logistics (Pvt) Ltd
(transportation and logistics), Colombo, Sri
Lanka, Asia
• Allyn International Services (Third party
logistics), Prague, Czech Republic, Europe •
eLee Logistics (logistics management),
Shanghai, China, Asia
Safexpress
•
12
COMPANIES THAT ARE INTO AGRIBUSINESS
• Agriculture Insurance Company of India Limited (AIC)
• Agri-Science Park, ICRISAT
• Agriwatch.com
• Analab
• Bicco Agro Products Pvt Ltd
• Bilag Industries Private Limited
• Crossword Agro Industries
• Dhumal Industries
• Giriraj Enterprise India
• India Agriline
• ISAP
• Labland Biotechs
• Nagarjuna Group
• Rajasthan Mechanical Works
• M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF)
• Monsanto
• Koodath Agro Exports
• Olam International, Singapore (Supply chain of agricultural products and food ingredients)
• Greencore Group, Dublin, Ireland
• Cerebos Pacific Ltd, Singapore
• Illovo Sugar Ltd, Mount Edgecombe, South Africa
• Cargill, Minnetonka, Minnesota, USA
• Archer Daniel Midland, Decatur, Illinois, USA
• Bunge Limited, White Plains, NY, USA
• Dupont, Wilmington, Delaware
INDIA AND THE AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY
Agriculture in India is one of the most prominent sectors in its economy. Agriculture and allied sectors like
forestry, logging and fishing accounted for 18.6% of the GDP in 2005 and employed 60% of the country's
population. It accounts for 8.56 % of India’s exports. About 43 % of India's geographical area is used for
agricultural activity. Despite a steady decline of its share in the GDP, agriculture is still the largest economic
sector and plays a significant role in the overall socio-economic development of India. In fact, in the formal
pre-budget consultations for 2011-12, Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee expressed hope to see a
significant rebound in agriculture and allied sector growth at about 6%.
AGRICULTURE TYPES
Farm Households with Multiple Employment
Increasing population and the custom of dividing the farm among the children with the change of generation
have resulted in an ever increasing reduction of farm sizes. Many farms have become so small that they do
not suffice as the family's basis of livelihood. On the other hand, in many countries, the number of job
opportunities outside agriculture or even outside the country has increased. Both factors have caused the
13
spread of multiple employments among small holder household members, which, to a limited extant, always
existed. Differences in family and farm structure, in resource endowment in the region and at the level of
general economic development have led to different types of multiple employments.
Individual Income Combination
Here, the cultivator himself takes up a non-agricultural main or side occupation or works as agricultural
labourer on other farms. This always is necessary if no children of working age are available. It is often
difficult to combine both activities because the animals need daily care and because of the seasonality of
labour demand in agriculture. As daily presence on the farm is necessary, the second job can be taken up
locally, where job opportunities are usually limited, except near cities.
Household Income Combination
Here, one or more sons (in some societies, daughters as well) take up non- agricultural employment or work as
agricultural labourers and give at least part of their salary to their family. The job can be taken up locally or in
distant places, even abroad, because the children are not tied to the farm. It can be permanent or assumed
whenever employment is offered. In other cases, working life is divided into two sections. Up till about 45
years of age, the men work outside the village, often in distant places, and the father operates the farm.
When he becomes too old and weak, the son takes over the cultivation, but at that time usually, his children
are of working age.
Extended Family Economy
Nuclear families maintain close social and economic ties even after migration. A network of cooperating
families of various types is emerging with the farm as center. The urban branches of the extended family
receive foodstuffs from their parents' farm as support or for sentimental reasons, sometimes let their
preschool children live on the farm to save rent in the city, and have the right to return, which is an
important security. Inversely, services are offered the other way round in the form of help during harvest
time or remittances. These do not have to be regular, but are affected whenever needed for investments or
repairs.
Household Production
An effect similar to that of gainful employment outside the farm can be achieved if production and repairs are
effected within the household. Production and processing bring income, and if the farmers do the
maintenance and repair work themselves instead of letting others do it against payment, this saves
expenditure and thus increases the standard of living. While in former times this was widespread and
constituted an important way of improving the level of living, with increasing development and specialization
of activities, its importance is shrinking. However, situations vary, and in more remote regions or times of
depression, this may be the only possibility to improve the standard of living beyond the proceeds of the farm.
Here, in any case, the contribution made by women is the largest.
AGRICULTURE EDUCATION IN INDIA
India has a very strong agricultural education system in the country consisting of one Central Agricultural
University, thirty-one State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) and four National Institutes of Indian Council of
Agricultural Research having the status of Deemed to be University.
Among the Deemed Universities, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) was established a century ago
and was given the status of Deemed University in 1958. The other Deemed Universities viz., Indian Veterinary
Research Institute (IVRI), Izzatnagar (U.P.), National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal and Central
Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai cater to quality education in animal sciences, dairy & fishery
sectors respectively. The SAUs are spread over the entire country and cater to HRD in agriculture and allied
fields in different agro-climatic regions.
14
Facilities
The Agricultural universities in India have excellent infrastructural facilities like laboratories, libraries,
computer centres and instructional farms. Generally all universities have residential requirements and
students are required to stay in hostels. All foreign students are provided accommodation on the campus.
Several universities also have furnished hostels for international students.
There are limited hostel facilities for married students also. For cultural exchange and understanding,
foreign students are encouraged to stay in the same hostels with other Indian students. However, to
overcome
constraints faced by them particularly with different food habits, Council is in the process of constructing
foreign student’s hostels in SAU’s and DU’s. For all round development of students, sports and games facilities
on all campuses are available in each Universities/Institutes.
Central Agricultural University
Central Agricultural University, Manipur: The Central Agricultural University has been established by an act of
Parliament, the Central Agricultural University Act 1992 (No.40 of 1992). The Act came into effect on 26th
January, 1993 with the issue of necessary notification by the Department of Agricultural Research and
Education (DARE), Govt. of India.
The University became functional with the joining of first Vice-Chancellor on 13th September, 1993. The
jurisdiction of the University extends to six North-Eastern Hill States viz., Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur,
Meghalaya, Mizoram, Sikkim and Tripura, with headquarters at Imphal in Manipur.
• Major Campuses under CAU
• Name of Colleges, Courses and Seats/Intakes for Admission
• Admission Procedure and Fee Structure
• Contact Person details for further Information
• Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur Website
Need Based Training
ICAR also arranges need based training programmes from one week to three months or longer duration for
individual scientists or group of scientists in any of State Agricultural University or ICAR Institutes in new
and emerging areas. For arranging programmes, scientists or organizations could contact :
The Council also publishes a calendar of courses which is available for download from the website. In addition,
specific training in any area of choice could also be offered.
Tution Fees
The candidates are required to deposit the prescribed fee at the time of admission (non-refundable). The
approximate fee and other charges at the time of admission vary from university to university, and shall be
intimated at the time of admission.
All foreign students other than those sponsored by the Government of India with suitable fellowship such as
scholarship under Colombo Plan, ITEC Programme, General Cultural Scholarship and Cultural Technical
Exchange, will be charged Institutional Economic Fee @ US $ 400 per month or US $ 4000 per year per
student.
This fee will be over and above the other usual charges, which are nominal and range from US $ 200-400
per annum (viz. tuition fee, student union fee, hostel, security, electricity etc.
15
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS IN INDIA
• Central Agricultural Research Institute
• Indian Agricultural Research Institute
• Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering
• Central Arid Zone Research Institute
• Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture
• Central Institute of Fisheries Education
• Central Inland Capture Fisheries Research Institute
• Central Institute of Fisheries Technology
• Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture
• Central Institute for Cotton Research
• Central Institute for Research on Goats
• Central Institute for Sub-Tropical Horticulture
• Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture • Central Soil Salinity Research Institute
• Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute
• Central Rice Research Institute (CRRI)
• National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources
• National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources
• National Dairy Research Institute
AGRICULTURAL MARKETING
Organised marketing of agricultural commodities has been promoted in the country through a network of
regulated markets. Most of the State governments and Union Territories have enacted legislations (APMC
Act) to provide for regulation of agricultural produce markets. While by the end of 1950, there were 286
regulated
markets in the country, today the number stands at 7,521 (31.3.2005). Besides, the country has 27,294
rural periodical markets, about 15 per cent of which function under the ambit of regulation. The advent of
regulated markets has helped in mitigating the market handicaps of producers/ sellers at the wholesale
assembling level. But, the rural periodic markets in general, and the tribal markets in particular, remained out
of its developmental ambit.
Agriculture sector needs well functioning markets to drive growth, employment and economic prosperity in
rural areas of the country. In order to provide dynamism and efficiency into the marketing system, large
investments are required for the development of post harvest and cold chain infrastructure nearer to the
farmers’ field.
The Ministry of Agriculture formulated a model law on agricultural marketing for guidance and adoption by
State Governments. The model legislation provides for establishment of Private Markets/Yards, Direct
Purchase Centres, Consumer/Farmers Markets for direct sale and promotion of Public Private Partnership in
the management and development of agricultural markets in the country. Provision has also been made in the
Act for constitution of State Agricultural Produce Marketing Standards Bureau for promotion of Grading,
Standardisation and Quality Certification of agricultural produce. This would facilitate pledge financing, direct
purchasing, forward/future trading and exports. Several States have initiated steps for amending the APMC
Act.
16
INDIAN GOVERNMENT INITIATIVE TO UPGRADE AGRICULTURE
With a view to induce investment in the development of marketing infrastructure, the Ministry has
implemented the following Plan Schemes:
• A capital investment subsidy scheme titled "Construction of Rural Godowns" was implemented w.e.f. 1
April 2001. The main objectives of the scheme includes creation of scientific storage capacity with allied
facilities in rural areas to meet various requirements of farmers for storing farm produce, processed farm
produce, agricultural inputs, etc., and prevention of distress sale by creating the facility of pledge loan and
marketing credit. Under the original scheme, back ended subsidy @ 25 per cent of capital cost of the project
was provided. In case of NE States, hilly areas and SC/ST entrepreneurs, subsidy was provided @ 33.33 per
cent of the capital cost of the project. The Scheme has since been modified with effect from 20 October 2004,
to provide subsidy @ 25 per cent to farmers, Agriculture graduates, cooperatives and Central Warehousing
Corporation/State Warehousing Corporations. All other categories of individuals companies and corporations
are now given subsidy @ 15 per cent of the project cost. The scheme has been made farmers’ friendly by
allowing subsidy for smaller godowns of 50 MT size in general and of 25 in hilly areas. Five lakh tonnes
capacity to be created is reserved for small farmers. The scheme is being implemented through NABARD and
NCDC. Till
31 May 2006, 11,583 storage projects having a capacity of 166.42 lakh tonnes have been sanctioned under the
scheme.
• With a view to establish a nation-wide information network for speedy collection and dissemination of
price and market related information to farmers, electronic connectivity is being provided to all important
agricultural markets in the country under a Central scheme, "Market Research and Information Network".
2,408 market nodes and 92 State Marketing Boards and Directorate of Marketing and Inspection offices have
been networked on a single portal, wherein daily prices of more than 300 commodities and about 2000
varieties are being reported. It is planned to connect 2,700 markets in all, under the scheme during the 10th
Plan.
• The Ministry of Agriculture is implementing another Central Sector scheme for "Development /
Strengthening of Agricultural Marketing Infrastructure, Grading and Standardisation". Under the scheme,
investment subsidy is provided @ 25 per cent on the capital cost of the marketing infrastructure development
project subject to a maximum of Rs 50 lakh for each project in all States and @ 33.3 per cent of capital cost
subject to a maximum of Rs 60 lakh for each project in case of North Eastern States, hilly areas and to
Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes entrepreneurs. In respect of infrastructure projects of State
Governments/State Agencies, there is no upper ceiling on subsidy to be provided under the scheme. The
scheme is reform linked, to be implemented in those States/Union Territories wherein the law dealing with
agriculture markets (Agricultural Produce Marketing Regulation Act) allows setting up of competitive
agricultural markets in private and cooperative sectors, direct marketing and contract farming. The States of
Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Manipur, Sikkim, Madhya Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Nagaland,
Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh and Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Daman and Diu and Dadra and
Nagar Haveli have notified to receive assistance under the Scheme. The remaining States/UTs are in the
process of amending their APMC Acts. 158 training and awareness programmes have been conducted in the
notified States/UTs. A total number of 259 new project proposals have been provided advance subsidy of Rs
516.30 lakh by NABARD in the States of Madhya Pradesh, Tamilnadu, Punjab, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala.
• The Department has recently taken the initiative to promote modern terminal markets for fruits,
vegetables and other perishables in important urban centres of the country. These markets would provide
state of art infrastructure facilities for electronic auction, cold chain and logistics and operate through primary
collection centres conveniently located in producing areas to allow easy access to farmers. The terminal
markets are envisaged to operate on a ‘Hub-and-Spoke’ format wherein the Terminal Market (the hub) would
be linked to a number of collection centres (the spokes), conveniently located in key production centres to
allow easy access to farmers for the marketing of their produce. The concept on setting up of Terminal
17
Markets for perishable commodities was discussed with the State Governments and interested private
enterprises at a national conference of State Ministers held on 20 February 2006 at New Delhi. Based on the
discussions, a Committee has been constituted under the Chairmanship of Director General, National
Institute of Agricultural Marketing, Jaipur with members from participating State Governments to develop a
framework
for the bidding process for selecting the enterprise for the implementation of terminal market projects and
to work out implementation modalities. Central assistance to these projects is planned by way of equity
participation.
The Department of Agriculture and Cooperation has three organisations dealing with marketing under its
administrative control, namely, the Directorate of Marketing and Inspection (DMI), Faridabad, the Ch.
Charan
Singh National Institute of Agricultural Marketing (NIAM), Jaipur and the Small Farmers Agri-Business
Consortium (SFAC), New Delhi.
DIRECTORATE OF MARKETING AND INSPECTION
It is an attached office of the Department and is headed by Agricultural Marketing Adviser. The Directorate
has its Head Office at Faridabad (Haryana), Branch Head Office at Nagpur (Maharashtra), 11 Regional Offices
and the Central Agmark Laboratory at Nagpur. Besides, there are 26 Sub-Offices, 16 Regional Agmark
Laboratories (RALs) spread all over the country.
Functions of Directorate
• Rendering advice on statutory regulation, development and management of agricultural produce
markets to the States/UTs
• Promotion of Standardization and Grading of agricultural and allied produce under the Agricultural
Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937
• Market Research, Surveys and Planning
• Training of personnel in Agricultural Marketing
• Marketing Extension
• Agricultural Marketing Information Network
• Construction of Rural Godowns and
• Development of Agricultural Marketing Infrastructure
GRADING AND STANDARDIZATION
The Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937 empowers the Government to fix quality standards,
known as “AGMARK” standards and to prescribe terms and conditions for using the seal of ‘AGMARK’. So
far, grade standards have been notified for 182 agricultural and allied commodities. The purity standards
under
the provision of the Prevention of Food Adulteration (PFA) Act, 1954 and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Act,
1986 are invariably taken into consideration while framing the grade standards. International Standards
framed by Codex/International Standards Organisation (ISO) are also considered so that Indian produce can
compete in the international market.
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL MARKETING
The National Institute of Agricultural Marketing (NIAM) started functioning at Jaipur (Rajasthan) from 8 August
1988. NIAM has been imparting training to senior and middle level executives of agricultural and
horticultural departments, Agro Industries, Corporations, State Marketing Boards, Agricultural Produce
Market Committees and Apex level Cooperatives, Commodity Boards, export houses recognised by
Agricultural and Processed
18
Food Products Export Development Agency (APEDA), Commercial Banks and non-governmental organizations.
Besides these clients, the NIAM also imparts training to farmers on marketing management.
The NIAM is managed by a Governing Body under the Chairmanship of Minister of Agriculture and an
Executive Committee under the Chairmanship of Secretary, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation.
Training Activities
The Institute organises Training Programmes for officials, farmers and other functionaries. In 2003-04,
Management Development Programmes (MDP) were introduced. So far four MDPs have been successfully
organised for leading companies like Bayer Crop Science, MICO BOSCH, etc. The MDPs were held at NIAM
campus and 120 working executives of these MNCs working in various capacities have been benefited from
this programme. All these MDPs were rated excellent by the participants and many other companies have
shown keen interest in organising MDPs at NIAM, Jaipur.
Research
The domestic Agricultural Marketing scenario has witnessed lot of changes in policies and regulations. The
enactment of Model Act by some States has brought substantial improvements in trade and marketing.
Following Research studies are being conducted by NIAM during the year 2005-06.
• Contract Farming – prospects and implications
• Commodity Trade Research
• Market led extension – a participatory approach
• Developing India GAP Standards
• Information need assessment of stakeholders in Agricultural Marketing – A case of Rajasthan
Project Formulation
In order to generate resources and ensure optimum utilisation of the expertise of the NIAM faculty, the
Institute is taking up several Consultancy Projects in the year 2005-06. These include setting up Modern
Terminal Market for fruits and vegetables at Nasik, Chandigarh, Nagpur, Patna, Bhopal, Rai (Haryana),
Multiutility integrated facility Centre-Pack house at Ludhiana for MARKFED, Punjab, State Master Plan for
Market
Development in Orissa, Price Forecasting for Agricultural Commodity in Karnataka, On-line Market information
system for Karnataka, Designing, Planning and detailed Project report for CA Storage at Kolkata. Detailed
Project Reports have been prepared for the Modern Terminal Markets at Nashik, Nagpur, Chandigarh,
Bhopal and Rai (Haryana).
Post Graduate Programme in Agri-Business Management (PGPABM)
The Institute has undertaken Post-Graduate Programme in Agri-Business Management (PGPABM) as a
Subcentre of MANAGE, Hyderabad from July 2001 and 50 students are presently undergoing Post-Graduate
Programme in Agri-Business. The programme is designed to assist agricultural graduates to acquire the critical
know-how to compete in the domestic and global business arena and to make them efficient agri-business
managers.
Small Farmers Agri-Business Consortium
The Small Farmers Agri-business Consortium (SFAC) was registered by Department of Agriculture and
Cooperation as a Society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 on 18 January 1994. Members at present
include RBI, SBI, IDBI, EXIM Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, NABARD, Canara Bank, NAFED, United
Phosphorous Ltd., etc.
The SAFC is managed by a Board of Managers consisting of 20 members and chaired by Hon’ble Union
Minister of Agriculture as its Ex-Officio President and the Secretary (Department of Agriculture and
Cooperation), Government of India as its Ex-Officio Vice President. Managing Director is the Chief Executive of
19
SFAC. SFAC has established 18 State level SFACs by contributing a corpus fund. The mission of the Society is to
support innovative ideas for generating income and employment in rural areas by promoting private
investments in agribusiness projects.
The Central sector scheme for agri-business development implemented by SFAC was approved by the
Government on 19 July 2005 for implementation during remaining period of the Tenth Plan with an outlay of
Rs 48 crore. The scheme is being implemented by SFAC in close association with commercial banks for
providing
• Venture Capital Assistance to agribusiness projects and
• Assist farmer/producer groups in preparation of quality Detailed Project Reports (DPR).
The main objectives of the scheme are to facilitate setting up of agribusiness ventures in participation with
banks, catalyse private investment in setting up of agribusiness projects and thereby providing assured
market to producers for increasing rural income and employment, strengthen backward linkages of agri-
business projects with producers, assist farmers, producer groups, and agriculture graduates to enhance their
participation in value chain through project development facility, arrange training and visits, etc., of
agripreneurs setting up identified agribusiness projects. SFAC provides financial assistance to agribusiness
projects by way of equity participation.
The quantum of SFAC venture capital assistance depended on the project cost and will be the lowest of the
following:
• 10 % of the total project cost assessed by the bank
• 26 % of the project equity
• Rs 75 lakh
Higher venture capital assistance can be considered by SFAC to deserving projects on merit and/or to
projects that are located in remote and backward areas, North-eastern and hilly States and projects
recommended by
State agencies. The outlay for implementation of the scheme during 2005–2006 was Rs. 10 crore which has
been utilised. During the year venture capital assistance has been sanctioned to 44 agribusiness projects and
assistance has been provided for preparation of 11 Detailed Project Reports (DPRs). The allocation for
implementation of the scheme during
SCHEMES, SUBSIDIES FOR FARM DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA
• Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana
• Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
• Employment Assurance Scheme
• Rural Housing
• Credit-Cum-Subsidy Scheme for Rural Housing
• Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana
• Wastelands Development
• Project Golden Thread
20
WORLD BODIES FOR AGRICULTURE
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations
that leads international efforts to defeat hunger. Serving both developed and developing countries, FAO acts
as a neutral forum where all nations meet as equals to negotiate agreements and debate policy. FAO is also a
source of knowledge and information, and helps developing countries and countries in transition modernize
and improve agriculture, forestry and fisheries practices, ensuring good nutrition and food security for all. Its
Latin motto, fiat panis, translates into English as "let there be bread!".
IRRI
Based in the Philippines, the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) is the oldest and largest international
agricultural research institute in Asia. It is an autonomous, non-profit rice research and training organization
with staff based in 14 countries in Asia and Africa.
International Fertilizer Industry Association (IFA)
IFA's main activity is to provide information about the industry worldwide, especially through conferences and
meetings of various kinds in different regions, and the exchange of non-commercial information in the form of
statistics and publications.
AGRICULTURE COOPERATIVES
Various development activities in agriculture, small industry marketing and processing, distribution and
supplies are now carried on through co-operatives. The co-operatives in the State have made an all-round
progress and their role in, and contribution to agricultural progress has particularly been significant. The
schemes regarding the construction of godowns and the conversion of villages into model villages have
assumed great importance in the wake of the Green Revolution.
The Co-operative Movement was introduced into India by the Government as the only method by which
the farmers could overcome their burden of debt and keep them away from the clutches of the money-
lenders.
The Co-operative Credit Societies Act, 1904 was passed by the Government of India and rural credit societies
were formed. Through the appointment of registrars and through vigorous propaganda, the Government
attempted to popularize the Movement in the rural areas. Within a short period, the Government realized
some of the shortcomings of the 1904 Act and, therefore, passed a more comprehensive Act, known as
the Co-operative Societies Act of 1912. This Act recognized non-credit societies also. But the rural credit
societies have continued to be predominant till now.
The Primary Agricultural Credit/Service Societies
The agricultural co-operative credit structure in the Punjab State is broadly divided into two sectors, one
dealing with the short-terms and medium-terms finance and the other with the long-term credit. In the State,
the short-term and medium-term credit structure is based on a three-tier system, i.e., the Apex Co-operative
Bank at the State level, the Central Co-Coperative Bank at the district/tehsil level and the Primary Agricultural
Credit Societies at the village level. The major objectives of the primary agricultural credit service societies are
to supply agricultural credit to meet the requirements of funds for agricultural production, the distribution of
essential consumer commodities, the provision of storage and marketing facilities and for light agricultural
implements and machinery.
21
Agricultural Non-Credit Societies
While credit is and must remain for some time the chief concern of the Co-operative Movement relatively
slow, since 1912, when the non-credit societies were brought officially under the aegis of the Movement. The
World War II (1939-45) came as a God send boon with respect to the development of the Co-operative
Movement. Prices of agricultural goods began to rise and touched new peaks. The repayment of loans was
accelerated and deposits began to pour in. The number of societies also rose. Another interesting
development in co-operative during the War was the extension of the Movement to non-credit activities, viz
consumers’ co-operative marketing societies, consolidation societies, etc.
Agricultural co-operative Marketing Societies
Marketing has occupied a far smaller place in the co-operative picture in India than in many countries, notably
Denmark and the USA, but not other non-credit line of co-operation, with the possible exception of the
consolidation of land holdings and joint farming enterprises, seems to hold greater possibilities of help to the
agricultural population of India. The development of co-operative marketing in India is closely bound up with the
problem of credit-the claims of the money-lenders commonly inhibiting the cultivator’s freedom of action in
disposing of his crop.
Co-operative Farming Societies
The Royal Commission on Agriculture in 1928 observed that it co-operation failed, there would fail the hope
of the Indian agriculturist. Co-operative farming is a compromise between collective farming and the
peasant proprietorship and gives all merits of large-scale farming without abolishing private property. It
implies an organization of the farmers on the basis of common efforts for common interests. Under this
system, all
landowners in a village form a co-operative society for tilling the land. The land is pooled, but each farmer
retains the right of property. The produce is distributed by each. They are allowed to withdraw from the
cooperative farm whenever they de3sire. In India, the exceedingly small size of holdings is perhaps the most
serious defect in our agriculture. If agriculture has to be improved, the size of the holdings must be enlarged.
Type of societies
• Co-operative Weaver’s society
• Co-operative Consumer’s Societies
• Co-operative Housing Societies
• Co-operative Women’s Societies
• Co-operative Milk-Societies
CORPORATES IN AGRICULTURE
Agriculture -- across the expanse of India -- is heralding the country's second Green Revolution. Fourteen
states, including Maharashtra, Punjab, Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan amended the Agricultural Produce
Marketing Committee (APMC) Act this year, along the lines of the Model APMC Act, '02, which allows farmers
to sell their produce directly to buyers offering them the best price. And, agriculture sectors such as
horticulture, floriculture, development of seeds, animal husbandry, aqua culture, cultivation of vegetables,
mushroom under cultivated conditions and services related to agro and allied sectors are open to 100 per cent
foreign direct investment (FDI) through the automatic route.
According to Economic Survey 2006-07:
• Agricultural growth is pegged at 2.7 %
22
• Total food grains production in 2006-07 estimated at 209.2 metric tonnes (MT).
• Total water availability in reservoirs up 10 per cent to 120.2 billion cubic meters (BCM) at the end of
monsoon 2006.
• Fishing, aquaculture and allied activities made for 5.3 % of the agricultural gross domestic product
(GDP).
• Production of wheat and other rabi crops brightened with welcome rain in February 2007 -- sugarcane,
cotton, and jute to set new records.
Already it is one of the most important sectors of the economy contributing 18.5 per cent of national income,
about 15 per cent of total exports and supporting two-thirds of the work force. And with recent
developments, it is going to play a more dynamic role in the economy.
Corporate Interest
Increasingly a number of players in the private sector have evinced a keen interest to tap the potential of
Indian agriculture. A number of corporates have entered into a direct agreement with farmers to grow specific
crops.
• Cadbury India Ltd and the Tamil Nadu Horticulture Department have entered into an agreement to
promote cocoa farming in 50,000 acres as an intercrop through a contract farming and buyback arrangement
with coconut farmers, providing an additional income of US$ 19.77 million a year to farmers.
• The US$ 4.5-billion Mahindra Group intends to tap Punjab’s agriculture potential by taking up potato
seed development in the state through contract farming. The company will provide technical know-how and
extension services to the farmers for producing high quality potato seeds.
• Himalaya Drugs plans to associate with small and marginal farmers across southern Indian states
including Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka for sourcing at least 70% of its herbs (the core
ingredients in herbal drugs) in the next three to four years. It has identified over 1,500 farmers in the south
and currently, about 70 per cent is cultivated by the company and 30 per cent is through contract farming.
• With a US$ 5.6 billion, multi-year investment in agriculture and retail, Reliance Retail is in the process
of establishing links with farms on several thousand acres in Punjab, West Bengal and Maharashtra.
• Wal-Mart is one of the top two retail companies that source Indian products. In 2006, Wal-Mart
directly sourced approximately US$ 600 million in goods from suppliers in India.
23
GLOBAL AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY
RECENT MARKET DYNAMICS
The overriding market dynamic that have governed the price behaviour of global agriculture commodities have
been factors of supply and demand. Growth in global demand over recent years has outpaced supply
throughout the world, sharply reducing global commodity inventories. This trend of tight market conditions is
projected to persist for many commodities into the next decade, sustaining relatively high agricultural
commodity prices.
On an historic timescale, agriculture products are still near all time record prices. Demand is forecast to
increase due to several key factors. First and foremost, the world population is expected to increase by
approximately 1.2 billion people by the year 2020 (United Nations, constant fertility variable). At the same
time, per capita daily caloric intake for the world’s population is now 2800 kcal, compared to 2280 kcal in the
early 1960’s, and continues to rise (FAO, 2006 and the State of Food and Agriculture Report 2007, FAO).
Simply put, more people times more caloric intake equals more food consumption. To compound matters, an
increasing percent of world food consumption is meat, which exponentially increases grain demand. (It
requires at least seven pounds of grain to produce one pound of beef protein!) In China alone, annual per
capita meat consumption has increased a 150%, from 44 lbs in 1980 to 110 lbs in 2007 (Time Magazine, May
19, 2008).
Along with an increasing global population, worldwide robust economic growth has and will continue to
increase demand for agricultural products. Most of this global economic growth is occurring in non-OECD
countries where increasing per capita incomes lead to a movement away from staple diets such as rice to more
diverse, higher calorie diets which include fruits, vegetables and meat. The developing world’s increasingly
diverse diet impact on global agriculture demand is compounded by the fact that population growth rates in
developing countries are nearly double those of developed countries (economic research service, USDA).
RELATED MARKET FACTORS
While the main factors governing price movements are stated above, several additional factors contribute to
global supply/demand imbalances. These include cyclically poor harvests related to weather, restrictive
trade
policies and the increasing diversion of crops for bio fuel production. Many locations are experiencing climate
driven events such as floods and droughts, which some observers ascribe to climate change induced by CO2
emissions. Australia’s wheat output, for example, has decreased substantially in recent years due to a
persistent lack of precipitation in the region. Restrictive trade policies, such as India’s decision to temporarily
stop rice exports, only put further strains on prices.
The price of oil is also a principal driver of the price of agricultural commodities because oil is a key ingredient
in most fertilizers, is required to run modern agricultural machinery and is needed to transport goods to
market. Production of various bio-fuels diverts a large volume of global cultivated corn and grains to the
production of ethanol and likewise greatly reduces the supply of corn and grains for human consumption,
adding to price pressures.
INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENTS
Over the past forty years there has been a significant change in the composition of agricultural production.
The global output of cereals, oil crops, sugar, vegetables, eggs and meat has increased more than the global
population, while global output of pulses (annual leguminous crops yielding from one to twelve grains or
24
seeds of variable size, shape and colour within a pod, e.g. Lima bean, pinto bean, lentil), roots and tubers (ex.
Potato) has declined relative to total population growth. While cereal production has increased faster than
the global population, it has failed to keep pace with historical production growth rates. The opposite is true
for oil seeds, which have exploded in production due to demand in developing countries. The production of
meat and eggs has grown even faster than oil seeds due to the increased standards of living (State of Food
and Agriculture Report 2007, FAO).
While international trade of animal products remains dependent on exports from developed countries, there
is strong support for policies in developing countries to produce domestic meat. This is likely to have the effect
of increasing the amount of grain imported by developing countries, especially to countries with lack of
harvestable land such as the Middle East, North Africa and Southeast Asia (economic research service, USDA).
INDUSTRY OUTLOOK
The traditional exporters of staple agricultural goods, such as Australia, Argentina, Canada, the European
Union and the United States will remain important suppliers in the future, but other countries such as Brazil,
Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan are making significant agriculture investments that should over time fill the
supply demand gap (economic research service, USDA). Accordingly, as agriculture prices increase,
agriculture production is likely to rise through technological innovations and increased amounts of cultivated
land. Still, significant challenges remain, based on constraints on the expansion of land under cultivation due
to agroclimatic conditions and the fact that the world has a fixed size and area.
Rising prices of agricultural inputs, such as oil, fertilizers, seeds and equipment, serve to raise the amount of
investment required to expand global agricultural production, thereby threatening to lower production and
threaten future supply (economic research service, USDA).
25
AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY EXPOSURE THROUGH EQUITIES
The value of a portfolio of agriculture equities is often influenced, although not determined, by the prices of
the agriculture commodities. In fact, correlations between the prices of agricultural producers and the
commodities they produce tend to be low. Like other equities, agricultural companies will be influenced by a
number of factors unrelated to agriculture commodity prices, such as earnings, operating efficiency,
regulation, management expertise and interest rates.
Furthermore, producers of packaged food products tend not to benefit from rising commodity prices, as their
margins often come under pressure as their input costs rise, while resistance to higher prices at the consumer
level constrains demand. The equity price trends of “primary” agricultural producers, on the other hand, tend
to follow or exceed the price trends of the underlying agriculture commodities, especially when agriculture
commodity prices are strongly trending. “Primary” agricultural producers include suppliers of seeds, traits,
fertilizers, chemicals, equipment and irrigation systems.
Over time, demand for agricultural products is inelastic – driven primarily by rising populations and improved
diets. Agricultural producers, in keeping up with this demand, may suffer the vagaries of commodity market
pricing, experiencing substantial price swings based on weather and the size and substance of the current
harvest. On the other hand, there is a degree of certainty in that the world will require an ever-growing
amount of primary agricultural products.
GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
With increased globalization and offshore sourcing, global supply chain management is becoming an
important issue for many businesses. Like traditional, supply chain management, the underlying factors
behind the trend are reducing the costs of procurement and decreasing the risks related to purchasing
activities. The big difference is that global supply chain management involves a company's worldwide interests
and suppliers rather than simply a local or national orientation.
Because global supply chain management usually involves a plethora of countries, it also usually comes with a
plethora of new difficulties that need to be dealt with appropriately. One that companies need to consider is
26
the overall costs. While local labour costs may be significantly lower, companies must also focus on the costs
of space, tariffs, and other expenses related to doing business overseas. Additionally, companies need to
factor in the exchange rate. Obviously, companies must do their research and give serious consideration to all
of these different elements as part of their global supply management approach.
Time is another big issue that should be addressed when dealing with global supply chain management. The
productivity of the overseas employees and the extended shipping times can either positively or negatively
affect the company's lead time, but either way these times need to be figured into the overall procurement
plan. Other factors can also come into play here as well. For example, the weather conditions on one side of
the world often vary greatly from those on the other and can impact production and shipping dramatically.
Also, customs clearance time and other governmental red tape can add further delays that need to be
planned for and figured into the big picture.
Besides contemplating these issues, a business attempting to manage its global supply chain must also ask
itself a number of other serious questions. First, the company needs to make decisions about its overall
outsourcing plan. For whatever reason, businesses may desire to keep some aspects of supply chain closer
to home. However, these reasons are not quite as important as other countries advance technologically. For
example, some parts of India have now become centres for high-tech outsourced services which may once
have been done in-house only out of necessity. Not only are provided to companies by highly qualified,
overseas workers, but they are being done at a fraction of the price they could be done in the United States or
any other Western country.
Another issue that must be incorporated into a global supply chain management strategy is supplier selection.
Comparing vendor bids from within the company's parent-country can be difficult enough but comparing
bids from an array of global suppliers can be even more complex. How to make these choices is one of the
first
decisions companies must make, and it should be a decision firmly based on research. Too often companies
jump on the lowest price instead of taking the time to factor in all of the other elements, including those
related to money and time which were discussed above. Additionally, companies must make decisions about
the number of suppliers to use. Fewer supplies may be easier to manage but could also lead to potential
problems if one vendor is unable to deliver as expected or if one vendor tries to leverage its supply power to
obtain price concessions.
Finally, companies who choose to ship their manufacturing overseas may have to face some additional
considerations as well. Questions regarding the number of plants that are needed, as well as the locations
for
those plants can pose difficult logistical problems for companies. However, it often helps to examine these
issues in terms of the global supply chain. For example, if a business uses a number of vendors around
Bangalore, India than it may make sense to locate the manufacturing plant that would utilize those supplies in
or around Bangalore as well. Not only will this provide lower employee costs, but overall shipping and tariff
expenses should also be reduced. This would then save the company money.
ANNEXURE I
(INDIA)
Indian Institute Of Logistics, Chennai
Courses Offered
27
Name Level Duration Stream Subject
Master of Business Administration -
Logistics and Dredge Management
Masters 18 Month Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Master of Business Administration -
Logistics and Port Management
Masters 18 Month Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Master of Business Administration -
Logistics and Shipping
Masters 18 Month Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Master of Business Administration -
Logistics and Supply Chain Management
Masters
Diploma
18 Month
6 Month
Business
Management
Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Diploma in Logistics & Exim Trade
(International Business Management)
Diploma in Logistics and Port
Management
Diploma 6 Month Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Diploma in Logistics and Shipping Diploma 6 Month Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Diploma in Logistics and Supply Chain
Management
Diploma 6 Month Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Post Graduate Diploma in Logistics and
Dredge Management
PG
Diploma
15 Month Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Post Graduate Diploma in Logistics and
Port Management
PG
Diploma
15 Month Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Post Graduate Diploma in Logistics and
Shipping
PG
Diploma
15 Month Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Post Graduate Diploma in Logistics and
Supply Chain Management
PG
Diploma
15 Month Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
28
St. Xavier`s College, Kolkata
Certificate Course- Logistics &
SupplyChain Management Certificate 6 Month
Diploma 1 Year
Business
Management
Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Diploma in Logistics & supply-chain
management
Dr. V.N. Bedekar Institute of Management Studies, Thane
Post Graduate Program in Supply
Chain & Logistics
PG
Diploma 6 Month
Business
Management
Logistics & Supply
Chain
National Institute Of Business Management, Chennai
Executive- Master of Business Administration-
Logistics and Supply Chain Management
Masters
Masters
1 Year
1 Year
Business
Management
Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Logistics &
Supply ChainExecutive- Master of Business Administration-
Operations Management
Master of Business Administration- Logistics
and Supply Chain Management
Masters 2 Year Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Master of Business Administration- Operations
Management Masters 2 Year
Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Amity School of Distance Learning, Noida
Post Graduate Diploma in Logistics and
Supply Chain Management
PG
Diploma
1 Year
Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
29
Post Graduate Diploma in Materials
Management
PG
Diploma 1 Year
Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Post Graduate Diploma in Production and PG 1 Year Business Logistics &
Operations Management Diploma Management Supply Chain
Thakur Institute of Management Studies and Research (timsr), Mumbai
Diploma in Logistic and Supply Chain
Management (DLSCM)
Diploma 11 Month
Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Post Graduate Diploma in Operations
PG
Diploma 2 Year
Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
All India Institute of Management Studies, Chennai
Diploma in Logistics And Supply Chain
Management
Diploma
Diploma
Diploma
PG
Diploma
PG
Diploma
PG
Diploma
PG
Diploma
6 Month
6 Month
6 Month
18 Month
1 Year
1 Year
1 Year
Business
Management
Business
Management
Business
Management
Business
Management
Business
Management
Business
Management
Business
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Diploma in Production Management
Diploma in Production Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Post Graduate Diploma - Production
And Material Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Post Graduate Diploma in Logistics And
Supply Chain Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
Post Graduate Diploma in Materials
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
30
Post Graduate Diploma in Production
Management
Logistics &
Supply Chain
ANNEXURE II
(FRANCE)
• Bordeaux Management School – BEM (Bordeaux, France)
Courses –
- Bachelor of Commerce - SUPTG
- MSc in Management - ESC / Grande Ecole
- Master in International Management - EBP
- Master in Management - MIM
Postgraduate - Specialized masters
- International Purchasing - MAI
- Global Supply Chain Management - ISLI
- International Business - MACI
- Risk Management - IMR
- Quality Management - ISMQ
- Wealth and Real Estate Management - IMPI
- Wine & Spirits management - MVS
- Wine MBA
- Executive / Management Education
• INSEAD, Paris
Courses –
MBA, Executive MBA, PhD
• HEC MBA, Paris
Courses –
Full & Part Time MBA - Core Phase Programs:
- Marketing
- Business Economics
- Sustainable Business Strategy
- Corporate Finance
- Financial Accounting and Analysis
- Financial Markets
- Management Accounting & Control
- Statistics
- Strategic Management
- Supply Chain Management
- Organizational Behaviour
- Human Resources Management
• ENPC School of International Management, Paris
31
Courses –
- MBA in International Business
- MBA in Technology and Entrepreneurship
- Tri-Continent MBA
- International Executive MBA
- Doctoral Program in Management
32
ANNEXURE III
(SPAIN)
• European University, Barcelona
EU offers traditional programs in English of Bachelor & Master of Business Administration (BBA & MBA), and
also the possibility to specialize in different fields of management education, e.g. Business Administration,
Communication & Public Relations, Leisure & Tourism Management, E-Business, Entrepreneurship, Global
Banking & Finance, Human Resources Management, International Business, International Marketing,
Leadership, Sports Management, and International Relations.
EU is accredited by ACBSP (Association of Collegiate Business Schools and Programs), a CHEA recognized
accrediting body.
• Universidad Carlos III De Madrid
Department of Business Administration at Carlos III, consistently ranked first in Business Administration
Studies in Spain, provides The Master in Financial Analysis and Master of Business Administration (MBA)
which are one-year programs
• Escuela Europea De Negocios
Escuela Europea de Negocios (The European Business School EEN) is located at C/ Ancha, 8, 37002 Salamanca,
Spain.
Courses offered - MBA, Executive MBA, International MBA, Global MBA
• IESE Business School in Barcelona & Madrid
Courses offered - MBA, Global Executive MBA, Executive MBA and PhD degrees, as well as executive education
programs
• Barcelona Business School
Barcelona Business School is an independent, privately held institution of higher learning, part of the
International University of Southern Europe that groups the business, management, language and cultural
studies in Barcelona, Madrid and Valencia into one university dedicated to cross-cultural international
education with a global perspective.
Courses offered - Bachelor in Business Studies
Bachelor of Business Administration
- Business and Entrepreneurship
- Finance and Economics
- Marketing and Management Master in Business Studies
Master of Business Administration
Master of Arts in Human Resource Management
Master of Arts in Marketing Management
Master of Science in Financial Management
Master of Science in Operations Management
- Business Communication and Public Relations
• ESEI International Business School, Barcelona
Esei s a private Business school in Barcelona which offers Business Administration studies taught entirely in
33
English, with specializations in Marketing or Finance from year 2. At the end of the programme, you will
receive an official British degree. The degree involves spending 3 years (or 2 years in the case of high
performance group) in Barcelona, Spain, and ´top-up´ year in the UK at one of our affiliated Universities.
Courses - BA Honours in Business Administration, International Business, Business Management (Finance) and
Marketing Management; MBA in International Business.
• ESADE Business School, Barcelona
Courses
Full Time MBA (12, 15 or 18 months)
- One Year MBA (12 months)
- Global Executive MBA (16 months)
• Valencia International Business School, Spain
Courses –
Associate in Business Studies; Associate in Business Communication and Public Relations; Associate in
International Management; Associate in Tourism and Hospitality Management; Bachelor in Business Studies;
Bachelor of Business Administration; Bachelor in Business Communication and Public Relations; Bachelor in
International Management; Bachelor in Tourism and Hospitality Management, Master in Business Studies;
Master in Business Communication; Master in International Management.
• EENI - International Business School of Spain
Courses - MIB Master in International Business, Postgraduate in International Trade: Globalization,
Documentation in International Trade, Customs and Import & Export Procedures, International Transport
and Logistics, Methods of Payment, Financing Imports, Export Finance, International contracts.
ANNEXURE IV
(GERMANY)
• Munich Business School
The first state-accredited private university in Bavaria offers diploma, undergraduate & post-graduate
programs in International Business.
Courses –
Bachelor and Diploma in International Business, Master in International Business, Part-Time Executive MBA
(Master of Business Administration) program, Diploma Program (8 semesters), Visiting Students Program (1
semester study abroad), Internship Program
• Mannheim Business School (MBS)
Mannheim Business School in South-West Germany in the region of Baden-Württemberg is the only German
institution to be accredited by AACSB International, AMBA and EQUIS, the three leading international
accreditation organizations (so called 'Triple Crown').
Courses –
34
- Mannheim Master of Business Administration (full-time, 12-month MBA)
- ESSEC & MANNHEIM Executive MBA (Part-time)
- MANNHEIM & TONGJI Executive MBA (Part-time)
- Mannheim Master in Accounting & Taxation
- Company programs
- Bachelor, Master in Management (MSc.) and PhD degree programs. Bachelor degrees include: Bachelor
of Business Administration; Bachelor of Information Systems and Bachelor of Business Education
• Gisma Business School
GISMA Business School in Hannover, Germany, was launched in 1999 as a joint initiative by the state of
Lower Saxony and visionary private-sector enterprises. GISMA is a privately funded, self-administering
institution of higher education.
Courses –
1. MBA program (full time) 11-month course of study in Hannover for young management professionals
from around the world who hold a college degree and have already had some job experience. 2. Executive
MBA
program (part time) Our “International Master’s in Management Program” (IMM) is designed for
managerial professionals that have typically worked for an average of ten years, and takes 22 months to
complete. 3.
Young Professional MBA (part time) GISMA Business School's Young Professional MBA program is a part-
time MBA degree for young academics with first work experience.
• University of Applied Science Offenburg
Courses –
MBA in International Business Consulting (IBC)
MSc in Communication and Media Engineering (CME)
MSc in Energy Conversion and Management (ECM)
• Frankfurt School of Finance & Management
Courses –
Bachelor Degree Programs:
- Business Administration
- International Business Administration
- Business IT
- Management, Philosophy & Economics
- Management & Financial Markets
Masters Degree Programs:
- Master of Business Administration (MBA)
- Executive MBA (EMBA)
- Masters in Finance
- Masters in Management
- Masters of Laws (LL.M.)
Other Programs:
- Open Enrolment Executive Education
35
- International Programmes
- Doctoral Programme
ANNEXURE V
(NEW ZEALAND)
• eBSI Export Academy - International Trade Courses Online
eBSI Export Academy is an online distance learning institute offering NZ and international students certificate
and diploma courses in International Trade, Finance, Logistics, Shipping and eBusiness, accredited by the
Institute of International Trade of Ireland, Institute of Export UK, Chartered Institute of Logistics and
Transport in Ireland and the Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers.
Courses –
- The International Trade Specialist (ITS) Accreditation Program (Diploma):
The 4 ITS modules can also be taken as individual certificate courses:
Trade & Customs Practice
Export Market Entry Strategy
Finance of International Trade
eBusiness for International Trade
- Diploma in Export Operations: Continuation of the ITS Accreditation and adding a more management
perspective.
- Certificate in Logistics Course
- Shipping courses for Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers (ICS) diploma qualifications
• University of Otago School of Business
Set among the historic halls of the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand, the School of Business
(founded 1912) comprises seven departments - Accountancy and Business Law, Economics, Finance and
Quantitative Analysis, Information Science, Management, Marketing and Tourism
Courses –
Undergraduate courses right through to executive education. Programmes include the Bachelor of Commerce,
Tourism, Commerce with Honours; Postgraduate Diploma in Commerce, Graduate Diploma in Tourism,
Master of Commerce, Business, Tourism, Entrepreneurship, Business Administration (the Otago MBA);
Diploma of Business Administration and the Doctor of Philosophy.
• New Zealand College of Business, Christchurch
New Zealand College of Business (also known as NZCB) is located in Christchurch city central. NZCB is
recognised by both the New Zealand Ministry of Education and the New Zealand Qualification Authority
(NZQA). It is an institute which provides students with Business Administration Courses, from Level 4 to Level
7 – equivalent to bachelor degree Level.
36
Courses –
- Certificate in Business Administration Level 4
- Diploma in Business Administration Level 5
- Diploma in Business Administration Level 6
- Diploma in Business Administration Level 7
• Crown Institute of Studies, Auckland
Crown offers 56 week Diplomas in Business, Tourism and Hospitality Management. Students can also enrol
for the University of Ballarat Bachelor of Business or MBA degree course at Crown. Crown’s courses are
NZQA registered and approved for student funding by the Ministry of Education.
Courses –
- University of Ballarat BBus
- University of Ballarat MBA
- New Zealand Diploma in Business Level 6
- Diploma in Tourism Management Level 5
- Certificate in International Travel, Tourism & Airline Studies Level 4
- National Diploma in Hospitality Management Level 5
- Certificate in International Hospitality (Food & Beverage Service) Level 3
- Certificate in International Hospitality (Hotel Services & Reception Operations) Level 3
37
ANNEXURE VI
(UNITED KINGDOM)
• Aston Business School, Birmingham
Courses –
Postgraduate (MBA), Postgraduate (MSc), Undergraduate degree programmes include BSc Single Honours (4yr
sandwich programmes in Business and Management) and International Business and Management, Economics
and Management, International Business and Modern Languages -Spanish, French, German, Doctor of
Business Administration (DBA), The Management Development Programme.
• Hamilton College London
Courses –
MSc International Marketing, MSc E-Business, MSc Computer Sciences, MSc Economics, MSc Finance, MSc
International Business, BSc Accounting & Management, BSc Statistics & Economics, Financial Economics,
Professional Accountancy Courses (ACCA, ICAEW, CIMA & AAT) and much more.
• Kingston Business School at Kingston University, London
Courses –
Business Administration BBA (Hons); Business Information Management BSc (Hons); Business with Law BA
(Hons); International Business with Law BA (Hons); Entrepreneurship and Management BA (Hons) single
honours; International Business with Law BA (Hons); MBA (Master of Business Administration); Master of
Laws; MSc in Management and Business Studies Research and many others.
• London Academy for Higher Education, Stratford
Courses –
BSc Accounting and Finance; BSc Accounting with Law/Law with Accounting; BSc Management; BSc
Economics; BSc Business; PgD/MBA Business Administration; DMS in Strategic Management.
• Eddie Collins-Hughes Training and Consultancy, London
Eddie Collins-Hughes Training and Consultancy was established in 1991 to provide quality training, education
and consultancy services and offers evening, daytime and week-end training courses in the West End of
London. They offer certificate, diploma and associate degree courses in areas including business, accounting,
facilities management, sales and marketing, social networking, IT, JEB ICT Teacher's Diploma, project
management, leadership and management, lighting design and courses for the built environment and more.
Courses –
- Business
- Management
- Leadership
- Finance
38
- Accounting
- Sales and Sales Management
- Customer Services
- Marketing
- Social Networking
- Project Management
- Built Environment
- Lighting Design
- Facilities Management
- IT and Computers
- CAD
- Calls Centre Skills
- JEB ICT Teacher’s Diploma
- Bespoke and Tailored Corporate Training
• Cranfield School of Management
Cranfield School of Management, located in Cranfield, Bedford, England, is a top UK Business School
offering internationally recognised postgraduate and executive development programmes.
Courses –
- Master of Business Administration (Full-time MBA 1 year)
- Executive MBA (Part-time and Modular two years)
- EQUIS, AACSB and AMBA Accredited
Core subjects include:
- Accounting
- Economics
- Macroeconomics
- Operations and Supply Chain
- Project Management
- Strategic Management
- Organisational Behaviour - Business Law & More ...
• Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester
Courses –
- Full-time MBA
- Part-time Global MBA
- Global MBA (Accelerated)
- Specialist Masters Courses
- Undergraduate Degree Programs
- Research Degree Programs
- Open & Customized Executive Education Programs
• Leeds University Business School
Courses –
39
- Full-Time MBA (12 months)
- Executive MBA (24-36 months)
- MSc International Business
- MSc Management
- MA Accounting and Finance
- MSc Financial Risk Management
- MA Economics
- MA Economics and Finance
- MSc International Marketing Management
- MA Advertising and Marketing - MA Human Resource
Management
& more ....
• Lancashire Business School, University of Central Lancashire
Courses –
Undergraduate & Postgraduate Subject areas:
- Accounting and Finance
- Business
- Business Joint Honours
- Business Systems
- Economics
- Human Resource Management
- Management
- Marketing
- Public Relations and Communication
- Management
- Retail Management
- Operations, Logistics and Supply Chain Management
• Nottingham Business School, Nottingham Trent University
Courses –
- Accounting and Finance
- Economics
- Human Resource Management
- Information Management
- International Business
- Marketing, Retail and Operations
- Strategic Management
- Master of Business Administration (MBA) programmes
aarunesh@gmail.com

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RESEARCH REPORT EDUCATION – INSTITUTIONS – INDUSTRY INTAKE ‘LOGIS TICS & SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT’ AND ‘AGRIBUSINESS’

  • 1. TABLE OF CONTENTS S. NO TOPIC PAGE NO. 1 Top B Schools in India 3 2 Institutes offering MBA in Logistics in India 4 RESEARCH REPORT EDUCATION – INSTITUTIONS – INDUSTRY INTAKE ‘LOGISTICS & SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT’ AND ‘AGRIBUSINESS’ Compiled by. Arunesh Chand Mankotia
  • 2. 2 3 Institutes offering MBA in Agriculture in India 5 4 Some institutes in France, Spain, Germany, New Zealand and UK 7 5 Companies that are into Supply Chain 13 6 Companies that are into Agribusiness 14 7 India and the Agriculture Industry 15 8 Indian Govt initiatives to upgrade agriculture 19 9 Global agriculture industry 26 10 Global Supply chain industry 29 11 Annexure I 30 12 Annexure II 33 13 Annexure III 35 14 Annexure IV 37 15 Annexure V 39 16 Annexure VI 41
  • 3. 3 TOP B-SCHOOLS IN INDIA INSTITUTES OFFERING MBA IN LOGISTICS IN INDIA • Indian Institute Of Logistics - Chennai, Tamil Nadu • St. Xavier`s College - Kolkata, West Bengal • Dr. V.N. Bedekar Institute of Management Studies - Thane, Maharashtra • Amity School Of Distance Learning - Noida, Uttar Pradesh • National Institute of Business Management - Chennai, Tamil Nadu • The School Of Business Logistics - Chennai, Tamil Nadu • Thakur Institute of Management Studies and Research (TIMSR) - Mumbai, Maharashtra • All India Institute of Management Studies - Chennai, Tamil Nadu *For course details see Annexure I
  • 4. 4 INSTITUTIONS OFFERING COURSES IN AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT IN INDIA • IIM Ahmadabad • IIM Lucknow • Amity Business School - MBA - Agriculture & Food Business • Indian Agriculture Research Institute (IARI) – M.Sc. degree • Aligarh Muslim University - Master of Agricultural Economics and Business Management (MAEBM) • L.N. Welingker, Mumbai - 6 months part time Diploma in Agribusiness Management • FMS, Varanasi, BHU - Master's programme in Agri-Business Administration • National Institute of Agricultural Marketing, Kota Road, Bambala, Near Sanganer, Jaipur - 302033, conducts an MBA-level programme, PGP in Agri-Business management. • The Institute of Agri Business Management (IABM) - Established with financial assistance from the World Bank in 2000 under the Agricultural Development Project, as a constituent unit of Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner. • Indian Institute of Management, Vastrapur, Ahmadabad conducts a full-time two year residential programme in agri-business management. • Indian Institute of Management, Prabandh Nagar, Off Sitapur Road, Lucknow conducts a full-time two- year residential programme in agri-business management, designed with the specific objective of developing agribusiness leaders, entrepreneurs, and intrapreneurs with a vision, competence and appropriate attitude. • University of Mumbai - garware institute of career education and development conducts POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN AGRI - BUSINESS MANAGEMENT • College of Agribusiness Management, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145, conducts a full-time two-year PG Programme, leading to MBA (Agribusiness). launching new programmes -MBA for Engineers ,MBA in Food Retail and Supply Chain and Ph.D in Management • Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad conducts course in Master in agribusiness management. • The Symbiosis group of Business Schools offers MBA in agri-business. • National Institute of Rural Development, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad; holds several training programmes for practising managers engaged in rural development. • The Institute of Agribusiness Management (registered under the Centre for Agriculture and Rural Development Society) has been developed with the noble objective to architect agribusiness professionals. • Kerala Agricultural University - MBA in Agri Business programme aims at empowering professional graduates with critical management and entrepreneurial competencies enabling them to own and manage agribusiness enterprises of global standards • Centre for Food and Agribusiness Management (CFAM) also conducts courses in Agribusiness Management AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES OFFERING COURSE IN AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT IN INDIA • Allahabad Agricultural University - Postgraduate Diploma in Agribusiness (The Institute also has two other courses: MBA and PG Diploma in Business Administration) • Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry - MBA (Agribusiness) • Forest Research Institute (Dehra Dun) - M.Sc Forestry (Economics and Management) • G B Pant University of Agriculture and Technology (College of Agribusiness Management) - MBA (Agribusiness)
  • 5. 5 • Indian Institute of Forest Management (Bhopal) - P G Diploma in Forest Management, (Equivalent to Master's Degree in the subject) • Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwavidyalaya - Master of Agricultural Business Management (MABM) • Kerala Agricultural University - B.Sc & M.Sc (Cooperative and Banking) • Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya - MBA (Agribusiness) • Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth - P G Diploma in Farm Business Management (Two-year duration) • Mysore University - Master of Food and Agricultural Marketing Management (MFAMM) • National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management (MANAGE), Hyderabad - P G Diploma in AgricultureBusiness Management • Punjab Agricultural University (College of Agribusiness Management) - MBA (Agribusiness Management) • Tamil Nadu Agricultural University - Master of Business Management (MBM), M.Sc (Agricultural Marketing Management) • Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University - Postgraduate Diploma in Business Management (Animal and Fisheries Sciences) • University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore - B.Sc (Agricultural Marketing & Cooperation), M.Sc (Agricultural Marketing) • University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwar - B.Sc (Agricultural Marketing & Cooperation)
  • 6. 6 UNIVERSITIES AND INSTITUTES IN - FRANCE • Bordeaux Management School – BEM (Bordeaux, France) • INSEAD, Paris (Located in Fountainebleu, Île-de-France, 65 km south of Paris, France) • HEC MBA, Paris • ENPC School of International Management, Paris • College of France • Ecole Normale Super • Ecole Polytechnique • University of Lyon I • University of Montpellier II • University of Paris * For course details see Annexure II SPAIN • European University, Barcelona
  • 7. 7 • Universidad Carlos III De Madrid • Escuela Europea De Negocios • IESE Business School in Barcelona & Madrid • Barcelona Business School • ESEI International Business School, Barcelona • ESADE Business School, Barcelona • Valencia International Business School, Spain • EENI - International Business School of Spain * For course details see Annexure III GERMANY • Munich Business School
  • 8. 8 • Mannheim Business School (MBS) • Gisma Business School • University Of Applied Science Offenburg • Frankfurt School of Finance & Management * For course details see Annexure IV NEW ZEALAND • eBSI Export Academy - International Trade Courses Online • University of Otago School of Business • New Zealand College of Business, Christchurch
  • 9. 9 • Crown Institute of Studies, Auckland * For course details Annexure V UNITED KINGDOM • Aston Business School, Birmingham • Hamilton College London • Kingston Business School at Kingston University, London • London Academy for Higher Education, Stratford • Eddie Collins-Hughes Training and Consultancy, London
  • 10. 10 • Cranfield School of Management • Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester • Leeds University Business School • Lancashire Business School, University of Central Lancashire • Nottingham Business School, Nottingham Trent University * For course details see Annexure VI
  • 11. 11 COMPANIES THAT ARE INTO SUPPLY CHAIN • TNT Express • AFL • Blue Dart • Gati • India • Ashok Leyland Agarwal Packers and Movers • DTDC • First Flight • Dependable Distribution Centres (Logistics Services), Los Angeles, CA, USA, North America • Washington Group International (Logistics Management), Mechanicsburg, PA, USA, North America • FedEx (Third Party logistics), USA, North America • A.T. Kearney (Logistics Consulting), Chicago, IL, USA, North America • National Institute of Transport and Logistics Transportation and Logistics), Dublin, County Dublin, Ireland, Europe • Maersk logistics international a/s (Logistics), Copenhagen, Denmark, Europe • High Level Logistics L.L.C (Integrated logistics), Dubai, UAE, Asia • SpeNak Freight and Truck (Transportation and Logistics), Istanbul, Turkey, Asia • Global Apex Logistics Ltd (trucking), Lagos, Nigeria, Africa • HYT Logistics Company Limited (logistics), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, Asia • Global Transportation and Logistics (Pvt) Ltd (transportation and logistics), Colombo, Sri Lanka, Asia • Allyn International Services (Third party logistics), Prague, Czech Republic, Europe • eLee Logistics (logistics management), Shanghai, China, Asia Safexpress •
  • 12. 12 COMPANIES THAT ARE INTO AGRIBUSINESS • Agriculture Insurance Company of India Limited (AIC) • Agri-Science Park, ICRISAT • Agriwatch.com • Analab • Bicco Agro Products Pvt Ltd • Bilag Industries Private Limited • Crossword Agro Industries • Dhumal Industries • Giriraj Enterprise India • India Agriline • ISAP • Labland Biotechs • Nagarjuna Group • Rajasthan Mechanical Works • M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF) • Monsanto • Koodath Agro Exports • Olam International, Singapore (Supply chain of agricultural products and food ingredients) • Greencore Group, Dublin, Ireland • Cerebos Pacific Ltd, Singapore • Illovo Sugar Ltd, Mount Edgecombe, South Africa • Cargill, Minnetonka, Minnesota, USA • Archer Daniel Midland, Decatur, Illinois, USA • Bunge Limited, White Plains, NY, USA • Dupont, Wilmington, Delaware INDIA AND THE AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY Agriculture in India is one of the most prominent sectors in its economy. Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry, logging and fishing accounted for 18.6% of the GDP in 2005 and employed 60% of the country's population. It accounts for 8.56 % of India’s exports. About 43 % of India's geographical area is used for agricultural activity. Despite a steady decline of its share in the GDP, agriculture is still the largest economic sector and plays a significant role in the overall socio-economic development of India. In fact, in the formal pre-budget consultations for 2011-12, Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee expressed hope to see a significant rebound in agriculture and allied sector growth at about 6%. AGRICULTURE TYPES Farm Households with Multiple Employment Increasing population and the custom of dividing the farm among the children with the change of generation have resulted in an ever increasing reduction of farm sizes. Many farms have become so small that they do not suffice as the family's basis of livelihood. On the other hand, in many countries, the number of job opportunities outside agriculture or even outside the country has increased. Both factors have caused the
  • 13. 13 spread of multiple employments among small holder household members, which, to a limited extant, always existed. Differences in family and farm structure, in resource endowment in the region and at the level of general economic development have led to different types of multiple employments. Individual Income Combination Here, the cultivator himself takes up a non-agricultural main or side occupation or works as agricultural labourer on other farms. This always is necessary if no children of working age are available. It is often difficult to combine both activities because the animals need daily care and because of the seasonality of labour demand in agriculture. As daily presence on the farm is necessary, the second job can be taken up locally, where job opportunities are usually limited, except near cities. Household Income Combination Here, one or more sons (in some societies, daughters as well) take up non- agricultural employment or work as agricultural labourers and give at least part of their salary to their family. The job can be taken up locally or in distant places, even abroad, because the children are not tied to the farm. It can be permanent or assumed whenever employment is offered. In other cases, working life is divided into two sections. Up till about 45 years of age, the men work outside the village, often in distant places, and the father operates the farm. When he becomes too old and weak, the son takes over the cultivation, but at that time usually, his children are of working age. Extended Family Economy Nuclear families maintain close social and economic ties even after migration. A network of cooperating families of various types is emerging with the farm as center. The urban branches of the extended family receive foodstuffs from their parents' farm as support or for sentimental reasons, sometimes let their preschool children live on the farm to save rent in the city, and have the right to return, which is an important security. Inversely, services are offered the other way round in the form of help during harvest time or remittances. These do not have to be regular, but are affected whenever needed for investments or repairs. Household Production An effect similar to that of gainful employment outside the farm can be achieved if production and repairs are effected within the household. Production and processing bring income, and if the farmers do the maintenance and repair work themselves instead of letting others do it against payment, this saves expenditure and thus increases the standard of living. While in former times this was widespread and constituted an important way of improving the level of living, with increasing development and specialization of activities, its importance is shrinking. However, situations vary, and in more remote regions or times of depression, this may be the only possibility to improve the standard of living beyond the proceeds of the farm. Here, in any case, the contribution made by women is the largest. AGRICULTURE EDUCATION IN INDIA India has a very strong agricultural education system in the country consisting of one Central Agricultural University, thirty-one State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) and four National Institutes of Indian Council of Agricultural Research having the status of Deemed to be University. Among the Deemed Universities, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) was established a century ago and was given the status of Deemed University in 1958. The other Deemed Universities viz., Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izzatnagar (U.P.), National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal and Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai cater to quality education in animal sciences, dairy & fishery sectors respectively. The SAUs are spread over the entire country and cater to HRD in agriculture and allied fields in different agro-climatic regions.
  • 14. 14 Facilities The Agricultural universities in India have excellent infrastructural facilities like laboratories, libraries, computer centres and instructional farms. Generally all universities have residential requirements and students are required to stay in hostels. All foreign students are provided accommodation on the campus. Several universities also have furnished hostels for international students. There are limited hostel facilities for married students also. For cultural exchange and understanding, foreign students are encouraged to stay in the same hostels with other Indian students. However, to overcome constraints faced by them particularly with different food habits, Council is in the process of constructing foreign student’s hostels in SAU’s and DU’s. For all round development of students, sports and games facilities on all campuses are available in each Universities/Institutes. Central Agricultural University Central Agricultural University, Manipur: The Central Agricultural University has been established by an act of Parliament, the Central Agricultural University Act 1992 (No.40 of 1992). The Act came into effect on 26th January, 1993 with the issue of necessary notification by the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Govt. of India. The University became functional with the joining of first Vice-Chancellor on 13th September, 1993. The jurisdiction of the University extends to six North-Eastern Hill States viz., Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Sikkim and Tripura, with headquarters at Imphal in Manipur. • Major Campuses under CAU • Name of Colleges, Courses and Seats/Intakes for Admission • Admission Procedure and Fee Structure • Contact Person details for further Information • Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur Website Need Based Training ICAR also arranges need based training programmes from one week to three months or longer duration for individual scientists or group of scientists in any of State Agricultural University or ICAR Institutes in new and emerging areas. For arranging programmes, scientists or organizations could contact : The Council also publishes a calendar of courses which is available for download from the website. In addition, specific training in any area of choice could also be offered. Tution Fees The candidates are required to deposit the prescribed fee at the time of admission (non-refundable). The approximate fee and other charges at the time of admission vary from university to university, and shall be intimated at the time of admission. All foreign students other than those sponsored by the Government of India with suitable fellowship such as scholarship under Colombo Plan, ITEC Programme, General Cultural Scholarship and Cultural Technical Exchange, will be charged Institutional Economic Fee @ US $ 400 per month or US $ 4000 per year per student. This fee will be over and above the other usual charges, which are nominal and range from US $ 200-400 per annum (viz. tuition fee, student union fee, hostel, security, electricity etc.
  • 15. 15 AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS IN INDIA • Central Agricultural Research Institute • Indian Agricultural Research Institute • Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering • Central Arid Zone Research Institute • Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture • Central Institute of Fisheries Education • Central Inland Capture Fisheries Research Institute • Central Institute of Fisheries Technology • Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture • Central Institute for Cotton Research • Central Institute for Research on Goats • Central Institute for Sub-Tropical Horticulture • Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture • Central Soil Salinity Research Institute • Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute • Central Rice Research Institute (CRRI) • National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources • National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources • National Dairy Research Institute AGRICULTURAL MARKETING Organised marketing of agricultural commodities has been promoted in the country through a network of regulated markets. Most of the State governments and Union Territories have enacted legislations (APMC Act) to provide for regulation of agricultural produce markets. While by the end of 1950, there were 286 regulated markets in the country, today the number stands at 7,521 (31.3.2005). Besides, the country has 27,294 rural periodical markets, about 15 per cent of which function under the ambit of regulation. The advent of regulated markets has helped in mitigating the market handicaps of producers/ sellers at the wholesale assembling level. But, the rural periodic markets in general, and the tribal markets in particular, remained out of its developmental ambit. Agriculture sector needs well functioning markets to drive growth, employment and economic prosperity in rural areas of the country. In order to provide dynamism and efficiency into the marketing system, large investments are required for the development of post harvest and cold chain infrastructure nearer to the farmers’ field. The Ministry of Agriculture formulated a model law on agricultural marketing for guidance and adoption by State Governments. The model legislation provides for establishment of Private Markets/Yards, Direct Purchase Centres, Consumer/Farmers Markets for direct sale and promotion of Public Private Partnership in the management and development of agricultural markets in the country. Provision has also been made in the Act for constitution of State Agricultural Produce Marketing Standards Bureau for promotion of Grading, Standardisation and Quality Certification of agricultural produce. This would facilitate pledge financing, direct purchasing, forward/future trading and exports. Several States have initiated steps for amending the APMC Act.
  • 16. 16 INDIAN GOVERNMENT INITIATIVE TO UPGRADE AGRICULTURE With a view to induce investment in the development of marketing infrastructure, the Ministry has implemented the following Plan Schemes: • A capital investment subsidy scheme titled "Construction of Rural Godowns" was implemented w.e.f. 1 April 2001. The main objectives of the scheme includes creation of scientific storage capacity with allied facilities in rural areas to meet various requirements of farmers for storing farm produce, processed farm produce, agricultural inputs, etc., and prevention of distress sale by creating the facility of pledge loan and marketing credit. Under the original scheme, back ended subsidy @ 25 per cent of capital cost of the project was provided. In case of NE States, hilly areas and SC/ST entrepreneurs, subsidy was provided @ 33.33 per cent of the capital cost of the project. The Scheme has since been modified with effect from 20 October 2004, to provide subsidy @ 25 per cent to farmers, Agriculture graduates, cooperatives and Central Warehousing Corporation/State Warehousing Corporations. All other categories of individuals companies and corporations are now given subsidy @ 15 per cent of the project cost. The scheme has been made farmers’ friendly by allowing subsidy for smaller godowns of 50 MT size in general and of 25 in hilly areas. Five lakh tonnes capacity to be created is reserved for small farmers. The scheme is being implemented through NABARD and NCDC. Till 31 May 2006, 11,583 storage projects having a capacity of 166.42 lakh tonnes have been sanctioned under the scheme. • With a view to establish a nation-wide information network for speedy collection and dissemination of price and market related information to farmers, electronic connectivity is being provided to all important agricultural markets in the country under a Central scheme, "Market Research and Information Network". 2,408 market nodes and 92 State Marketing Boards and Directorate of Marketing and Inspection offices have been networked on a single portal, wherein daily prices of more than 300 commodities and about 2000 varieties are being reported. It is planned to connect 2,700 markets in all, under the scheme during the 10th Plan. • The Ministry of Agriculture is implementing another Central Sector scheme for "Development / Strengthening of Agricultural Marketing Infrastructure, Grading and Standardisation". Under the scheme, investment subsidy is provided @ 25 per cent on the capital cost of the marketing infrastructure development project subject to a maximum of Rs 50 lakh for each project in all States and @ 33.3 per cent of capital cost subject to a maximum of Rs 60 lakh for each project in case of North Eastern States, hilly areas and to Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes entrepreneurs. In respect of infrastructure projects of State Governments/State Agencies, there is no upper ceiling on subsidy to be provided under the scheme. The scheme is reform linked, to be implemented in those States/Union Territories wherein the law dealing with agriculture markets (Agricultural Produce Marketing Regulation Act) allows setting up of competitive agricultural markets in private and cooperative sectors, direct marketing and contract farming. The States of Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Manipur, Sikkim, Madhya Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh and Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli have notified to receive assistance under the Scheme. The remaining States/UTs are in the process of amending their APMC Acts. 158 training and awareness programmes have been conducted in the notified States/UTs. A total number of 259 new project proposals have been provided advance subsidy of Rs 516.30 lakh by NABARD in the States of Madhya Pradesh, Tamilnadu, Punjab, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala. • The Department has recently taken the initiative to promote modern terminal markets for fruits, vegetables and other perishables in important urban centres of the country. These markets would provide state of art infrastructure facilities for electronic auction, cold chain and logistics and operate through primary collection centres conveniently located in producing areas to allow easy access to farmers. The terminal markets are envisaged to operate on a ‘Hub-and-Spoke’ format wherein the Terminal Market (the hub) would be linked to a number of collection centres (the spokes), conveniently located in key production centres to allow easy access to farmers for the marketing of their produce. The concept on setting up of Terminal
  • 17. 17 Markets for perishable commodities was discussed with the State Governments and interested private enterprises at a national conference of State Ministers held on 20 February 2006 at New Delhi. Based on the discussions, a Committee has been constituted under the Chairmanship of Director General, National Institute of Agricultural Marketing, Jaipur with members from participating State Governments to develop a framework for the bidding process for selecting the enterprise for the implementation of terminal market projects and to work out implementation modalities. Central assistance to these projects is planned by way of equity participation. The Department of Agriculture and Cooperation has three organisations dealing with marketing under its administrative control, namely, the Directorate of Marketing and Inspection (DMI), Faridabad, the Ch. Charan Singh National Institute of Agricultural Marketing (NIAM), Jaipur and the Small Farmers Agri-Business Consortium (SFAC), New Delhi. DIRECTORATE OF MARKETING AND INSPECTION It is an attached office of the Department and is headed by Agricultural Marketing Adviser. The Directorate has its Head Office at Faridabad (Haryana), Branch Head Office at Nagpur (Maharashtra), 11 Regional Offices and the Central Agmark Laboratory at Nagpur. Besides, there are 26 Sub-Offices, 16 Regional Agmark Laboratories (RALs) spread all over the country. Functions of Directorate • Rendering advice on statutory regulation, development and management of agricultural produce markets to the States/UTs • Promotion of Standardization and Grading of agricultural and allied produce under the Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937 • Market Research, Surveys and Planning • Training of personnel in Agricultural Marketing • Marketing Extension • Agricultural Marketing Information Network • Construction of Rural Godowns and • Development of Agricultural Marketing Infrastructure GRADING AND STANDARDIZATION The Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937 empowers the Government to fix quality standards, known as “AGMARK” standards and to prescribe terms and conditions for using the seal of ‘AGMARK’. So far, grade standards have been notified for 182 agricultural and allied commodities. The purity standards under the provision of the Prevention of Food Adulteration (PFA) Act, 1954 and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Act, 1986 are invariably taken into consideration while framing the grade standards. International Standards framed by Codex/International Standards Organisation (ISO) are also considered so that Indian produce can compete in the international market. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL MARKETING The National Institute of Agricultural Marketing (NIAM) started functioning at Jaipur (Rajasthan) from 8 August 1988. NIAM has been imparting training to senior and middle level executives of agricultural and horticultural departments, Agro Industries, Corporations, State Marketing Boards, Agricultural Produce Market Committees and Apex level Cooperatives, Commodity Boards, export houses recognised by Agricultural and Processed
  • 18. 18 Food Products Export Development Agency (APEDA), Commercial Banks and non-governmental organizations. Besides these clients, the NIAM also imparts training to farmers on marketing management. The NIAM is managed by a Governing Body under the Chairmanship of Minister of Agriculture and an Executive Committee under the Chairmanship of Secretary, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation. Training Activities The Institute organises Training Programmes for officials, farmers and other functionaries. In 2003-04, Management Development Programmes (MDP) were introduced. So far four MDPs have been successfully organised for leading companies like Bayer Crop Science, MICO BOSCH, etc. The MDPs were held at NIAM campus and 120 working executives of these MNCs working in various capacities have been benefited from this programme. All these MDPs were rated excellent by the participants and many other companies have shown keen interest in organising MDPs at NIAM, Jaipur. Research The domestic Agricultural Marketing scenario has witnessed lot of changes in policies and regulations. The enactment of Model Act by some States has brought substantial improvements in trade and marketing. Following Research studies are being conducted by NIAM during the year 2005-06. • Contract Farming – prospects and implications • Commodity Trade Research • Market led extension – a participatory approach • Developing India GAP Standards • Information need assessment of stakeholders in Agricultural Marketing – A case of Rajasthan Project Formulation In order to generate resources and ensure optimum utilisation of the expertise of the NIAM faculty, the Institute is taking up several Consultancy Projects in the year 2005-06. These include setting up Modern Terminal Market for fruits and vegetables at Nasik, Chandigarh, Nagpur, Patna, Bhopal, Rai (Haryana), Multiutility integrated facility Centre-Pack house at Ludhiana for MARKFED, Punjab, State Master Plan for Market Development in Orissa, Price Forecasting for Agricultural Commodity in Karnataka, On-line Market information system for Karnataka, Designing, Planning and detailed Project report for CA Storage at Kolkata. Detailed Project Reports have been prepared for the Modern Terminal Markets at Nashik, Nagpur, Chandigarh, Bhopal and Rai (Haryana). Post Graduate Programme in Agri-Business Management (PGPABM) The Institute has undertaken Post-Graduate Programme in Agri-Business Management (PGPABM) as a Subcentre of MANAGE, Hyderabad from July 2001 and 50 students are presently undergoing Post-Graduate Programme in Agri-Business. The programme is designed to assist agricultural graduates to acquire the critical know-how to compete in the domestic and global business arena and to make them efficient agri-business managers. Small Farmers Agri-Business Consortium The Small Farmers Agri-business Consortium (SFAC) was registered by Department of Agriculture and Cooperation as a Society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 on 18 January 1994. Members at present include RBI, SBI, IDBI, EXIM Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, NABARD, Canara Bank, NAFED, United Phosphorous Ltd., etc. The SAFC is managed by a Board of Managers consisting of 20 members and chaired by Hon’ble Union Minister of Agriculture as its Ex-Officio President and the Secretary (Department of Agriculture and Cooperation), Government of India as its Ex-Officio Vice President. Managing Director is the Chief Executive of
  • 19. 19 SFAC. SFAC has established 18 State level SFACs by contributing a corpus fund. The mission of the Society is to support innovative ideas for generating income and employment in rural areas by promoting private investments in agribusiness projects. The Central sector scheme for agri-business development implemented by SFAC was approved by the Government on 19 July 2005 for implementation during remaining period of the Tenth Plan with an outlay of Rs 48 crore. The scheme is being implemented by SFAC in close association with commercial banks for providing • Venture Capital Assistance to agribusiness projects and • Assist farmer/producer groups in preparation of quality Detailed Project Reports (DPR). The main objectives of the scheme are to facilitate setting up of agribusiness ventures in participation with banks, catalyse private investment in setting up of agribusiness projects and thereby providing assured market to producers for increasing rural income and employment, strengthen backward linkages of agri- business projects with producers, assist farmers, producer groups, and agriculture graduates to enhance their participation in value chain through project development facility, arrange training and visits, etc., of agripreneurs setting up identified agribusiness projects. SFAC provides financial assistance to agribusiness projects by way of equity participation. The quantum of SFAC venture capital assistance depended on the project cost and will be the lowest of the following: • 10 % of the total project cost assessed by the bank • 26 % of the project equity • Rs 75 lakh Higher venture capital assistance can be considered by SFAC to deserving projects on merit and/or to projects that are located in remote and backward areas, North-eastern and hilly States and projects recommended by State agencies. The outlay for implementation of the scheme during 2005–2006 was Rs. 10 crore which has been utilised. During the year venture capital assistance has been sanctioned to 44 agribusiness projects and assistance has been provided for preparation of 11 Detailed Project Reports (DPRs). The allocation for implementation of the scheme during SCHEMES, SUBSIDIES FOR FARM DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA • Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana • Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana • Employment Assurance Scheme • Rural Housing • Credit-Cum-Subsidy Scheme for Rural Housing • Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana • Wastelands Development • Project Golden Thread
  • 20. 20 WORLD BODIES FOR AGRICULTURE Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger. Serving both developed and developing countries, FAO acts as a neutral forum where all nations meet as equals to negotiate agreements and debate policy. FAO is also a source of knowledge and information, and helps developing countries and countries in transition modernize and improve agriculture, forestry and fisheries practices, ensuring good nutrition and food security for all. Its Latin motto, fiat panis, translates into English as "let there be bread!". IRRI Based in the Philippines, the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) is the oldest and largest international agricultural research institute in Asia. It is an autonomous, non-profit rice research and training organization with staff based in 14 countries in Asia and Africa. International Fertilizer Industry Association (IFA) IFA's main activity is to provide information about the industry worldwide, especially through conferences and meetings of various kinds in different regions, and the exchange of non-commercial information in the form of statistics and publications. AGRICULTURE COOPERATIVES Various development activities in agriculture, small industry marketing and processing, distribution and supplies are now carried on through co-operatives. The co-operatives in the State have made an all-round progress and their role in, and contribution to agricultural progress has particularly been significant. The schemes regarding the construction of godowns and the conversion of villages into model villages have assumed great importance in the wake of the Green Revolution. The Co-operative Movement was introduced into India by the Government as the only method by which the farmers could overcome their burden of debt and keep them away from the clutches of the money- lenders. The Co-operative Credit Societies Act, 1904 was passed by the Government of India and rural credit societies were formed. Through the appointment of registrars and through vigorous propaganda, the Government attempted to popularize the Movement in the rural areas. Within a short period, the Government realized some of the shortcomings of the 1904 Act and, therefore, passed a more comprehensive Act, known as the Co-operative Societies Act of 1912. This Act recognized non-credit societies also. But the rural credit societies have continued to be predominant till now. The Primary Agricultural Credit/Service Societies The agricultural co-operative credit structure in the Punjab State is broadly divided into two sectors, one dealing with the short-terms and medium-terms finance and the other with the long-term credit. In the State, the short-term and medium-term credit structure is based on a three-tier system, i.e., the Apex Co-operative Bank at the State level, the Central Co-Coperative Bank at the district/tehsil level and the Primary Agricultural Credit Societies at the village level. The major objectives of the primary agricultural credit service societies are to supply agricultural credit to meet the requirements of funds for agricultural production, the distribution of essential consumer commodities, the provision of storage and marketing facilities and for light agricultural implements and machinery.
  • 21. 21 Agricultural Non-Credit Societies While credit is and must remain for some time the chief concern of the Co-operative Movement relatively slow, since 1912, when the non-credit societies were brought officially under the aegis of the Movement. The World War II (1939-45) came as a God send boon with respect to the development of the Co-operative Movement. Prices of agricultural goods began to rise and touched new peaks. The repayment of loans was accelerated and deposits began to pour in. The number of societies also rose. Another interesting development in co-operative during the War was the extension of the Movement to non-credit activities, viz consumers’ co-operative marketing societies, consolidation societies, etc. Agricultural co-operative Marketing Societies Marketing has occupied a far smaller place in the co-operative picture in India than in many countries, notably Denmark and the USA, but not other non-credit line of co-operation, with the possible exception of the consolidation of land holdings and joint farming enterprises, seems to hold greater possibilities of help to the agricultural population of India. The development of co-operative marketing in India is closely bound up with the problem of credit-the claims of the money-lenders commonly inhibiting the cultivator’s freedom of action in disposing of his crop. Co-operative Farming Societies The Royal Commission on Agriculture in 1928 observed that it co-operation failed, there would fail the hope of the Indian agriculturist. Co-operative farming is a compromise between collective farming and the peasant proprietorship and gives all merits of large-scale farming without abolishing private property. It implies an organization of the farmers on the basis of common efforts for common interests. Under this system, all landowners in a village form a co-operative society for tilling the land. The land is pooled, but each farmer retains the right of property. The produce is distributed by each. They are allowed to withdraw from the cooperative farm whenever they de3sire. In India, the exceedingly small size of holdings is perhaps the most serious defect in our agriculture. If agriculture has to be improved, the size of the holdings must be enlarged. Type of societies • Co-operative Weaver’s society • Co-operative Consumer’s Societies • Co-operative Housing Societies • Co-operative Women’s Societies • Co-operative Milk-Societies CORPORATES IN AGRICULTURE Agriculture -- across the expanse of India -- is heralding the country's second Green Revolution. Fourteen states, including Maharashtra, Punjab, Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan amended the Agricultural Produce Marketing Committee (APMC) Act this year, along the lines of the Model APMC Act, '02, which allows farmers to sell their produce directly to buyers offering them the best price. And, agriculture sectors such as horticulture, floriculture, development of seeds, animal husbandry, aqua culture, cultivation of vegetables, mushroom under cultivated conditions and services related to agro and allied sectors are open to 100 per cent foreign direct investment (FDI) through the automatic route. According to Economic Survey 2006-07: • Agricultural growth is pegged at 2.7 %
  • 22. 22 • Total food grains production in 2006-07 estimated at 209.2 metric tonnes (MT). • Total water availability in reservoirs up 10 per cent to 120.2 billion cubic meters (BCM) at the end of monsoon 2006. • Fishing, aquaculture and allied activities made for 5.3 % of the agricultural gross domestic product (GDP). • Production of wheat and other rabi crops brightened with welcome rain in February 2007 -- sugarcane, cotton, and jute to set new records. Already it is one of the most important sectors of the economy contributing 18.5 per cent of national income, about 15 per cent of total exports and supporting two-thirds of the work force. And with recent developments, it is going to play a more dynamic role in the economy. Corporate Interest Increasingly a number of players in the private sector have evinced a keen interest to tap the potential of Indian agriculture. A number of corporates have entered into a direct agreement with farmers to grow specific crops. • Cadbury India Ltd and the Tamil Nadu Horticulture Department have entered into an agreement to promote cocoa farming in 50,000 acres as an intercrop through a contract farming and buyback arrangement with coconut farmers, providing an additional income of US$ 19.77 million a year to farmers. • The US$ 4.5-billion Mahindra Group intends to tap Punjab’s agriculture potential by taking up potato seed development in the state through contract farming. The company will provide technical know-how and extension services to the farmers for producing high quality potato seeds. • Himalaya Drugs plans to associate with small and marginal farmers across southern Indian states including Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka for sourcing at least 70% of its herbs (the core ingredients in herbal drugs) in the next three to four years. It has identified over 1,500 farmers in the south and currently, about 70 per cent is cultivated by the company and 30 per cent is through contract farming. • With a US$ 5.6 billion, multi-year investment in agriculture and retail, Reliance Retail is in the process of establishing links with farms on several thousand acres in Punjab, West Bengal and Maharashtra. • Wal-Mart is one of the top two retail companies that source Indian products. In 2006, Wal-Mart directly sourced approximately US$ 600 million in goods from suppliers in India.
  • 23. 23 GLOBAL AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY RECENT MARKET DYNAMICS The overriding market dynamic that have governed the price behaviour of global agriculture commodities have been factors of supply and demand. Growth in global demand over recent years has outpaced supply throughout the world, sharply reducing global commodity inventories. This trend of tight market conditions is projected to persist for many commodities into the next decade, sustaining relatively high agricultural commodity prices. On an historic timescale, agriculture products are still near all time record prices. Demand is forecast to increase due to several key factors. First and foremost, the world population is expected to increase by approximately 1.2 billion people by the year 2020 (United Nations, constant fertility variable). At the same time, per capita daily caloric intake for the world’s population is now 2800 kcal, compared to 2280 kcal in the early 1960’s, and continues to rise (FAO, 2006 and the State of Food and Agriculture Report 2007, FAO). Simply put, more people times more caloric intake equals more food consumption. To compound matters, an increasing percent of world food consumption is meat, which exponentially increases grain demand. (It requires at least seven pounds of grain to produce one pound of beef protein!) In China alone, annual per capita meat consumption has increased a 150%, from 44 lbs in 1980 to 110 lbs in 2007 (Time Magazine, May 19, 2008). Along with an increasing global population, worldwide robust economic growth has and will continue to increase demand for agricultural products. Most of this global economic growth is occurring in non-OECD countries where increasing per capita incomes lead to a movement away from staple diets such as rice to more diverse, higher calorie diets which include fruits, vegetables and meat. The developing world’s increasingly diverse diet impact on global agriculture demand is compounded by the fact that population growth rates in developing countries are nearly double those of developed countries (economic research service, USDA). RELATED MARKET FACTORS While the main factors governing price movements are stated above, several additional factors contribute to global supply/demand imbalances. These include cyclically poor harvests related to weather, restrictive trade policies and the increasing diversion of crops for bio fuel production. Many locations are experiencing climate driven events such as floods and droughts, which some observers ascribe to climate change induced by CO2 emissions. Australia’s wheat output, for example, has decreased substantially in recent years due to a persistent lack of precipitation in the region. Restrictive trade policies, such as India’s decision to temporarily stop rice exports, only put further strains on prices. The price of oil is also a principal driver of the price of agricultural commodities because oil is a key ingredient in most fertilizers, is required to run modern agricultural machinery and is needed to transport goods to market. Production of various bio-fuels diverts a large volume of global cultivated corn and grains to the production of ethanol and likewise greatly reduces the supply of corn and grains for human consumption, adding to price pressures. INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENTS Over the past forty years there has been a significant change in the composition of agricultural production. The global output of cereals, oil crops, sugar, vegetables, eggs and meat has increased more than the global population, while global output of pulses (annual leguminous crops yielding from one to twelve grains or
  • 24. 24 seeds of variable size, shape and colour within a pod, e.g. Lima bean, pinto bean, lentil), roots and tubers (ex. Potato) has declined relative to total population growth. While cereal production has increased faster than the global population, it has failed to keep pace with historical production growth rates. The opposite is true for oil seeds, which have exploded in production due to demand in developing countries. The production of meat and eggs has grown even faster than oil seeds due to the increased standards of living (State of Food and Agriculture Report 2007, FAO). While international trade of animal products remains dependent on exports from developed countries, there is strong support for policies in developing countries to produce domestic meat. This is likely to have the effect of increasing the amount of grain imported by developing countries, especially to countries with lack of harvestable land such as the Middle East, North Africa and Southeast Asia (economic research service, USDA). INDUSTRY OUTLOOK The traditional exporters of staple agricultural goods, such as Australia, Argentina, Canada, the European Union and the United States will remain important suppliers in the future, but other countries such as Brazil, Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan are making significant agriculture investments that should over time fill the supply demand gap (economic research service, USDA). Accordingly, as agriculture prices increase, agriculture production is likely to rise through technological innovations and increased amounts of cultivated land. Still, significant challenges remain, based on constraints on the expansion of land under cultivation due to agroclimatic conditions and the fact that the world has a fixed size and area. Rising prices of agricultural inputs, such as oil, fertilizers, seeds and equipment, serve to raise the amount of investment required to expand global agricultural production, thereby threatening to lower production and threaten future supply (economic research service, USDA).
  • 25. 25 AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY EXPOSURE THROUGH EQUITIES The value of a portfolio of agriculture equities is often influenced, although not determined, by the prices of the agriculture commodities. In fact, correlations between the prices of agricultural producers and the commodities they produce tend to be low. Like other equities, agricultural companies will be influenced by a number of factors unrelated to agriculture commodity prices, such as earnings, operating efficiency, regulation, management expertise and interest rates. Furthermore, producers of packaged food products tend not to benefit from rising commodity prices, as their margins often come under pressure as their input costs rise, while resistance to higher prices at the consumer level constrains demand. The equity price trends of “primary” agricultural producers, on the other hand, tend to follow or exceed the price trends of the underlying agriculture commodities, especially when agriculture commodity prices are strongly trending. “Primary” agricultural producers include suppliers of seeds, traits, fertilizers, chemicals, equipment and irrigation systems. Over time, demand for agricultural products is inelastic – driven primarily by rising populations and improved diets. Agricultural producers, in keeping up with this demand, may suffer the vagaries of commodity market pricing, experiencing substantial price swings based on weather and the size and substance of the current harvest. On the other hand, there is a degree of certainty in that the world will require an ever-growing amount of primary agricultural products. GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT With increased globalization and offshore sourcing, global supply chain management is becoming an important issue for many businesses. Like traditional, supply chain management, the underlying factors behind the trend are reducing the costs of procurement and decreasing the risks related to purchasing activities. The big difference is that global supply chain management involves a company's worldwide interests and suppliers rather than simply a local or national orientation. Because global supply chain management usually involves a plethora of countries, it also usually comes with a plethora of new difficulties that need to be dealt with appropriately. One that companies need to consider is
  • 26. 26 the overall costs. While local labour costs may be significantly lower, companies must also focus on the costs of space, tariffs, and other expenses related to doing business overseas. Additionally, companies need to factor in the exchange rate. Obviously, companies must do their research and give serious consideration to all of these different elements as part of their global supply management approach. Time is another big issue that should be addressed when dealing with global supply chain management. The productivity of the overseas employees and the extended shipping times can either positively or negatively affect the company's lead time, but either way these times need to be figured into the overall procurement plan. Other factors can also come into play here as well. For example, the weather conditions on one side of the world often vary greatly from those on the other and can impact production and shipping dramatically. Also, customs clearance time and other governmental red tape can add further delays that need to be planned for and figured into the big picture. Besides contemplating these issues, a business attempting to manage its global supply chain must also ask itself a number of other serious questions. First, the company needs to make decisions about its overall outsourcing plan. For whatever reason, businesses may desire to keep some aspects of supply chain closer to home. However, these reasons are not quite as important as other countries advance technologically. For example, some parts of India have now become centres for high-tech outsourced services which may once have been done in-house only out of necessity. Not only are provided to companies by highly qualified, overseas workers, but they are being done at a fraction of the price they could be done in the United States or any other Western country. Another issue that must be incorporated into a global supply chain management strategy is supplier selection. Comparing vendor bids from within the company's parent-country can be difficult enough but comparing bids from an array of global suppliers can be even more complex. How to make these choices is one of the first decisions companies must make, and it should be a decision firmly based on research. Too often companies jump on the lowest price instead of taking the time to factor in all of the other elements, including those related to money and time which were discussed above. Additionally, companies must make decisions about the number of suppliers to use. Fewer supplies may be easier to manage but could also lead to potential problems if one vendor is unable to deliver as expected or if one vendor tries to leverage its supply power to obtain price concessions. Finally, companies who choose to ship their manufacturing overseas may have to face some additional considerations as well. Questions regarding the number of plants that are needed, as well as the locations for those plants can pose difficult logistical problems for companies. However, it often helps to examine these issues in terms of the global supply chain. For example, if a business uses a number of vendors around Bangalore, India than it may make sense to locate the manufacturing plant that would utilize those supplies in or around Bangalore as well. Not only will this provide lower employee costs, but overall shipping and tariff expenses should also be reduced. This would then save the company money. ANNEXURE I (INDIA) Indian Institute Of Logistics, Chennai Courses Offered
  • 27. 27 Name Level Duration Stream Subject Master of Business Administration - Logistics and Dredge Management Masters 18 Month Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Master of Business Administration - Logistics and Port Management Masters 18 Month Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Master of Business Administration - Logistics and Shipping Masters 18 Month Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Master of Business Administration - Logistics and Supply Chain Management Masters Diploma 18 Month 6 Month Business Management Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Logistics & Supply Chain Diploma in Logistics & Exim Trade (International Business Management) Diploma in Logistics and Port Management Diploma 6 Month Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Diploma in Logistics and Shipping Diploma 6 Month Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Diploma in Logistics and Supply Chain Management Diploma 6 Month Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Post Graduate Diploma in Logistics and Dredge Management PG Diploma 15 Month Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Post Graduate Diploma in Logistics and Port Management PG Diploma 15 Month Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Post Graduate Diploma in Logistics and Shipping PG Diploma 15 Month Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Post Graduate Diploma in Logistics and Supply Chain Management PG Diploma 15 Month Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain
  • 28. 28 St. Xavier`s College, Kolkata Certificate Course- Logistics & SupplyChain Management Certificate 6 Month Diploma 1 Year Business Management Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Logistics & Supply Chain Diploma in Logistics & supply-chain management Dr. V.N. Bedekar Institute of Management Studies, Thane Post Graduate Program in Supply Chain & Logistics PG Diploma 6 Month Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain National Institute Of Business Management, Chennai Executive- Master of Business Administration- Logistics and Supply Chain Management Masters Masters 1 Year 1 Year Business Management Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Logistics & Supply ChainExecutive- Master of Business Administration- Operations Management Master of Business Administration- Logistics and Supply Chain Management Masters 2 Year Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Master of Business Administration- Operations Management Masters 2 Year Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Amity School of Distance Learning, Noida Post Graduate Diploma in Logistics and Supply Chain Management PG Diploma 1 Year Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain
  • 29. 29 Post Graduate Diploma in Materials Management PG Diploma 1 Year Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Post Graduate Diploma in Production and PG 1 Year Business Logistics & Operations Management Diploma Management Supply Chain Thakur Institute of Management Studies and Research (timsr), Mumbai Diploma in Logistic and Supply Chain Management (DLSCM) Diploma 11 Month Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Post Graduate Diploma in Operations PG Diploma 2 Year Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain All India Institute of Management Studies, Chennai Diploma in Logistics And Supply Chain Management Diploma Diploma Diploma PG Diploma PG Diploma PG Diploma PG Diploma 6 Month 6 Month 6 Month 18 Month 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year Business Management Business Management Business Management Business Management Business Management Business Management Business Management Logistics & Supply Chain Logistics & Supply Chain Diploma in Production Management Diploma in Production Management Logistics & Supply Chain Post Graduate Diploma - Production And Material Management Logistics & Supply Chain Post Graduate Diploma in Logistics And Supply Chain Management Logistics & Supply Chain Post Graduate Diploma in Materials Management Logistics & Supply Chain
  • 30. 30 Post Graduate Diploma in Production Management Logistics & Supply Chain ANNEXURE II (FRANCE) • Bordeaux Management School – BEM (Bordeaux, France) Courses – - Bachelor of Commerce - SUPTG - MSc in Management - ESC / Grande Ecole - Master in International Management - EBP - Master in Management - MIM Postgraduate - Specialized masters - International Purchasing - MAI - Global Supply Chain Management - ISLI - International Business - MACI - Risk Management - IMR - Quality Management - ISMQ - Wealth and Real Estate Management - IMPI - Wine & Spirits management - MVS - Wine MBA - Executive / Management Education • INSEAD, Paris Courses – MBA, Executive MBA, PhD • HEC MBA, Paris Courses – Full & Part Time MBA - Core Phase Programs: - Marketing - Business Economics - Sustainable Business Strategy - Corporate Finance - Financial Accounting and Analysis - Financial Markets - Management Accounting & Control - Statistics - Strategic Management - Supply Chain Management - Organizational Behaviour - Human Resources Management • ENPC School of International Management, Paris
  • 31. 31 Courses – - MBA in International Business - MBA in Technology and Entrepreneurship - Tri-Continent MBA - International Executive MBA - Doctoral Program in Management
  • 32. 32 ANNEXURE III (SPAIN) • European University, Barcelona EU offers traditional programs in English of Bachelor & Master of Business Administration (BBA & MBA), and also the possibility to specialize in different fields of management education, e.g. Business Administration, Communication & Public Relations, Leisure & Tourism Management, E-Business, Entrepreneurship, Global Banking & Finance, Human Resources Management, International Business, International Marketing, Leadership, Sports Management, and International Relations. EU is accredited by ACBSP (Association of Collegiate Business Schools and Programs), a CHEA recognized accrediting body. • Universidad Carlos III De Madrid Department of Business Administration at Carlos III, consistently ranked first in Business Administration Studies in Spain, provides The Master in Financial Analysis and Master of Business Administration (MBA) which are one-year programs • Escuela Europea De Negocios Escuela Europea de Negocios (The European Business School EEN) is located at C/ Ancha, 8, 37002 Salamanca, Spain. Courses offered - MBA, Executive MBA, International MBA, Global MBA • IESE Business School in Barcelona & Madrid Courses offered - MBA, Global Executive MBA, Executive MBA and PhD degrees, as well as executive education programs • Barcelona Business School Barcelona Business School is an independent, privately held institution of higher learning, part of the International University of Southern Europe that groups the business, management, language and cultural studies in Barcelona, Madrid and Valencia into one university dedicated to cross-cultural international education with a global perspective. Courses offered - Bachelor in Business Studies Bachelor of Business Administration - Business and Entrepreneurship - Finance and Economics - Marketing and Management Master in Business Studies Master of Business Administration Master of Arts in Human Resource Management Master of Arts in Marketing Management Master of Science in Financial Management Master of Science in Operations Management - Business Communication and Public Relations • ESEI International Business School, Barcelona Esei s a private Business school in Barcelona which offers Business Administration studies taught entirely in
  • 33. 33 English, with specializations in Marketing or Finance from year 2. At the end of the programme, you will receive an official British degree. The degree involves spending 3 years (or 2 years in the case of high performance group) in Barcelona, Spain, and ´top-up´ year in the UK at one of our affiliated Universities. Courses - BA Honours in Business Administration, International Business, Business Management (Finance) and Marketing Management; MBA in International Business. • ESADE Business School, Barcelona Courses Full Time MBA (12, 15 or 18 months) - One Year MBA (12 months) - Global Executive MBA (16 months) • Valencia International Business School, Spain Courses – Associate in Business Studies; Associate in Business Communication and Public Relations; Associate in International Management; Associate in Tourism and Hospitality Management; Bachelor in Business Studies; Bachelor of Business Administration; Bachelor in Business Communication and Public Relations; Bachelor in International Management; Bachelor in Tourism and Hospitality Management, Master in Business Studies; Master in Business Communication; Master in International Management. • EENI - International Business School of Spain Courses - MIB Master in International Business, Postgraduate in International Trade: Globalization, Documentation in International Trade, Customs and Import & Export Procedures, International Transport and Logistics, Methods of Payment, Financing Imports, Export Finance, International contracts. ANNEXURE IV (GERMANY) • Munich Business School The first state-accredited private university in Bavaria offers diploma, undergraduate & post-graduate programs in International Business. Courses – Bachelor and Diploma in International Business, Master in International Business, Part-Time Executive MBA (Master of Business Administration) program, Diploma Program (8 semesters), Visiting Students Program (1 semester study abroad), Internship Program • Mannheim Business School (MBS) Mannheim Business School in South-West Germany in the region of Baden-Württemberg is the only German institution to be accredited by AACSB International, AMBA and EQUIS, the three leading international accreditation organizations (so called 'Triple Crown'). Courses –
  • 34. 34 - Mannheim Master of Business Administration (full-time, 12-month MBA) - ESSEC & MANNHEIM Executive MBA (Part-time) - MANNHEIM & TONGJI Executive MBA (Part-time) - Mannheim Master in Accounting & Taxation - Company programs - Bachelor, Master in Management (MSc.) and PhD degree programs. Bachelor degrees include: Bachelor of Business Administration; Bachelor of Information Systems and Bachelor of Business Education • Gisma Business School GISMA Business School in Hannover, Germany, was launched in 1999 as a joint initiative by the state of Lower Saxony and visionary private-sector enterprises. GISMA is a privately funded, self-administering institution of higher education. Courses – 1. MBA program (full time) 11-month course of study in Hannover for young management professionals from around the world who hold a college degree and have already had some job experience. 2. Executive MBA program (part time) Our “International Master’s in Management Program” (IMM) is designed for managerial professionals that have typically worked for an average of ten years, and takes 22 months to complete. 3. Young Professional MBA (part time) GISMA Business School's Young Professional MBA program is a part- time MBA degree for young academics with first work experience. • University of Applied Science Offenburg Courses – MBA in International Business Consulting (IBC) MSc in Communication and Media Engineering (CME) MSc in Energy Conversion and Management (ECM) • Frankfurt School of Finance & Management Courses – Bachelor Degree Programs: - Business Administration - International Business Administration - Business IT - Management, Philosophy & Economics - Management & Financial Markets Masters Degree Programs: - Master of Business Administration (MBA) - Executive MBA (EMBA) - Masters in Finance - Masters in Management - Masters of Laws (LL.M.) Other Programs: - Open Enrolment Executive Education
  • 35. 35 - International Programmes - Doctoral Programme ANNEXURE V (NEW ZEALAND) • eBSI Export Academy - International Trade Courses Online eBSI Export Academy is an online distance learning institute offering NZ and international students certificate and diploma courses in International Trade, Finance, Logistics, Shipping and eBusiness, accredited by the Institute of International Trade of Ireland, Institute of Export UK, Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport in Ireland and the Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers. Courses – - The International Trade Specialist (ITS) Accreditation Program (Diploma): The 4 ITS modules can also be taken as individual certificate courses: Trade & Customs Practice Export Market Entry Strategy Finance of International Trade eBusiness for International Trade - Diploma in Export Operations: Continuation of the ITS Accreditation and adding a more management perspective. - Certificate in Logistics Course - Shipping courses for Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers (ICS) diploma qualifications • University of Otago School of Business Set among the historic halls of the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand, the School of Business (founded 1912) comprises seven departments - Accountancy and Business Law, Economics, Finance and Quantitative Analysis, Information Science, Management, Marketing and Tourism Courses – Undergraduate courses right through to executive education. Programmes include the Bachelor of Commerce, Tourism, Commerce with Honours; Postgraduate Diploma in Commerce, Graduate Diploma in Tourism, Master of Commerce, Business, Tourism, Entrepreneurship, Business Administration (the Otago MBA); Diploma of Business Administration and the Doctor of Philosophy. • New Zealand College of Business, Christchurch New Zealand College of Business (also known as NZCB) is located in Christchurch city central. NZCB is recognised by both the New Zealand Ministry of Education and the New Zealand Qualification Authority (NZQA). It is an institute which provides students with Business Administration Courses, from Level 4 to Level 7 – equivalent to bachelor degree Level.
  • 36. 36 Courses – - Certificate in Business Administration Level 4 - Diploma in Business Administration Level 5 - Diploma in Business Administration Level 6 - Diploma in Business Administration Level 7 • Crown Institute of Studies, Auckland Crown offers 56 week Diplomas in Business, Tourism and Hospitality Management. Students can also enrol for the University of Ballarat Bachelor of Business or MBA degree course at Crown. Crown’s courses are NZQA registered and approved for student funding by the Ministry of Education. Courses – - University of Ballarat BBus - University of Ballarat MBA - New Zealand Diploma in Business Level 6 - Diploma in Tourism Management Level 5 - Certificate in International Travel, Tourism & Airline Studies Level 4 - National Diploma in Hospitality Management Level 5 - Certificate in International Hospitality (Food & Beverage Service) Level 3 - Certificate in International Hospitality (Hotel Services & Reception Operations) Level 3
  • 37. 37 ANNEXURE VI (UNITED KINGDOM) • Aston Business School, Birmingham Courses – Postgraduate (MBA), Postgraduate (MSc), Undergraduate degree programmes include BSc Single Honours (4yr sandwich programmes in Business and Management) and International Business and Management, Economics and Management, International Business and Modern Languages -Spanish, French, German, Doctor of Business Administration (DBA), The Management Development Programme. • Hamilton College London Courses – MSc International Marketing, MSc E-Business, MSc Computer Sciences, MSc Economics, MSc Finance, MSc International Business, BSc Accounting & Management, BSc Statistics & Economics, Financial Economics, Professional Accountancy Courses (ACCA, ICAEW, CIMA & AAT) and much more. • Kingston Business School at Kingston University, London Courses – Business Administration BBA (Hons); Business Information Management BSc (Hons); Business with Law BA (Hons); International Business with Law BA (Hons); Entrepreneurship and Management BA (Hons) single honours; International Business with Law BA (Hons); MBA (Master of Business Administration); Master of Laws; MSc in Management and Business Studies Research and many others. • London Academy for Higher Education, Stratford Courses – BSc Accounting and Finance; BSc Accounting with Law/Law with Accounting; BSc Management; BSc Economics; BSc Business; PgD/MBA Business Administration; DMS in Strategic Management. • Eddie Collins-Hughes Training and Consultancy, London Eddie Collins-Hughes Training and Consultancy was established in 1991 to provide quality training, education and consultancy services and offers evening, daytime and week-end training courses in the West End of London. They offer certificate, diploma and associate degree courses in areas including business, accounting, facilities management, sales and marketing, social networking, IT, JEB ICT Teacher's Diploma, project management, leadership and management, lighting design and courses for the built environment and more. Courses – - Business - Management - Leadership - Finance
  • 38. 38 - Accounting - Sales and Sales Management - Customer Services - Marketing - Social Networking - Project Management - Built Environment - Lighting Design - Facilities Management - IT and Computers - CAD - Calls Centre Skills - JEB ICT Teacher’s Diploma - Bespoke and Tailored Corporate Training • Cranfield School of Management Cranfield School of Management, located in Cranfield, Bedford, England, is a top UK Business School offering internationally recognised postgraduate and executive development programmes. Courses – - Master of Business Administration (Full-time MBA 1 year) - Executive MBA (Part-time and Modular two years) - EQUIS, AACSB and AMBA Accredited Core subjects include: - Accounting - Economics - Macroeconomics - Operations and Supply Chain - Project Management - Strategic Management - Organisational Behaviour - Business Law & More ... • Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester Courses – - Full-time MBA - Part-time Global MBA - Global MBA (Accelerated) - Specialist Masters Courses - Undergraduate Degree Programs - Research Degree Programs - Open & Customized Executive Education Programs • Leeds University Business School Courses –
  • 39. 39 - Full-Time MBA (12 months) - Executive MBA (24-36 months) - MSc International Business - MSc Management - MA Accounting and Finance - MSc Financial Risk Management - MA Economics - MA Economics and Finance - MSc International Marketing Management - MA Advertising and Marketing - MA Human Resource Management & more .... • Lancashire Business School, University of Central Lancashire Courses – Undergraduate & Postgraduate Subject areas: - Accounting and Finance - Business - Business Joint Honours - Business Systems - Economics - Human Resource Management - Management - Marketing - Public Relations and Communication - Management - Retail Management - Operations, Logistics and Supply Chain Management • Nottingham Business School, Nottingham Trent University Courses – - Accounting and Finance - Economics - Human Resource Management - Information Management - International Business - Marketing, Retail and Operations - Strategic Management - Master of Business Administration (MBA) programmes aarunesh@gmail.com