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Chaos, Fractal
Structures, and
Unknown
Boundaries
Thursday, July 25, 13
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Thursday, July 25, 13
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matt.might.net/articles/
phd-school-in-pictures/
Thursday, July 25, 13
You have a lot to learn!
Thursday, July 25, 13
You don’t know what
you don’t know
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Viable Systems
Thursday, July 25, 13
Context derives
meaning
Thursday, July 25, 13
Each viable system is
recurrent in nature, so
it has a fractal structure
Thursday, July 25, 13
Observations of viable
systems
Thursday, July 25, 13
It is not necessary to
enter the black box to
understand the nature
of the function it
performs.
Thursday, July 25, 13
It is not necessary to
enter the black box to
calculate the variety
that it potentially may
generate
Thursday, July 25, 13
In a recursive
organizational structure
any viable system
contains, and is
contained in, a viable
system
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
An example…
Thursday, July 25, 13
V=IR
class DBC
def self.hello
puts "Hello DBC!"
end
end
Thursday, July 25, 13
class DBC
def self.hello
puts "Hello DBC!"
end
end
Thursday, July 25, 13
#include <ruby/ruby.h>
VALUE hello(VALUE self)
{
printf("Hello DBC!n");
}
void Init_hello(void)
{
VALUE klass = rb_define_class("DBC", rb_cObject);
rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "hello", hello, 0);
}
Thursday, July 25, 13
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
printf("Hello DBC!n");
return 0;
}
Thursday, July 25, 13
(gdb) disas main
Dump of assembler code for function main:
0x0000000100000ef0 <main+0>: push %rbp
0x0000000100000ef1 <main+1>: mov %rsp,%rbp
0x0000000100000ef4 <main+4>: sub $0x10,%rsp
0x0000000100000ef8 <main+8>: lea 0x51(%rip),%rax
0x0000000100000eff <main+15>: mov %rax,%rdi
0x0000000100000f02 <main+18>: callq 0x100000f24
<dyld_stub_puts>
0x0000000100000f07 <main+23>: movl $0x0,-0x8(%rbp)
0x0000000100000f0e <main+30>: mov -0x8(%rbp),%eax
0x0000000100000f11 <main+33>: mov %eax,-0x4(%rbp)
0x0000000100000f14 <main+36>: mov -0x4(%rbp),%eax
0x0000000100000f17 <main+39>: add $0x10,%rsp
0x0000000100000f1b <main+43>: pop %rbp
0x0000000100000f1c <main+44>: retq
Thursday, July 25, 13
$ xxd hello
0000100: 5f5f 7374 7562 7300 0000 0000 0000 0000 __stubs.........
00001a0: 5f5f 6373 7472 696e 6700 0000 0000 0000 __cstring.......
00001f0: 5f5f 756e 7769 6e64 5f69 6e66 6f00 0000 __unwind_info...
0000500: 0c00 0000 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 2f64 796c ..../usr/lib/dyl
0000580: 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 2f6c 6962 5379 7374 /usr/lib/libSyst
0000590: 656d 2e42 2e64 796c 6962 0000 0000 0000 em.B.dylib......
0002000: 1122 0055 4252 0000 1140 6479 6c64 5f73 .".UBR...@dyld_s
0002010: 7475 625f 6269 6e64 6572 0051 7228 9000 tub_binder.Qr(..
0002020: 7238 1140 5f65 7869 7400 9000 7240 1140 r8.@_exit...r@.@
0002030: 5f70 7574 7300 9000 0002 5f00 0c73 7461 _puts....._..sta
0002040: 7274 004b 0004 5f00 276d 6169 6e00 504e rt.K.._.'main.PN
0002050: 5841 7267 0055 656e 7669 726f 6e00 6700 XArg.Uenviron.g.
0002060: 026d 685f 6578 6563 7574 655f 6865 6164 .mh_execute_head
0002070: 6572 0047 5f70 726f 676e 616d 6500 6c02 er.G_progname.l.
0002250: 2000 2f55 7365 7273 2f61 6172 6f6e 6265 ./Users/aaronbe
0002260: 6472 612f 4465 736b 746f 702f 2f00 6865 dra/Desktop//.he
0002270: 6c6c 6f2e 6300 2f76 6172 2f66 6f6c 6465 llo.c./var/folde
0002280: 7273 2f70 382f 3363 6671 3768 6678 3779 rs/p8/3cfq7hfx7y
0002290: 355f 3977 7134 6c66 366c 7936 746d 3030 5_9wq4lf6ly6tm00
00022a0: 3030 6770 2f54 2f2f 6363 4f7a 6574 5777 00gp/T//ccOzetWw
00022b0: 2e6f 005f 6d61 696e 002f 5573 6572 732f .o._main./Users/
00022c0: 6161 726f 6e62 6564 7261 2f44 6573 6b74 aaronbedra/Deskt
00022d0: 6f70 2f68 656c 6c6f 2e63 005f 7076 6172 op/hello.c._pvar
00022e0: 7300 5f4e 5841 7267 6300 5f4e 5841 7267 s._NXArgc._NXArg
00022f0: 7600 5f5f 5f70 726f 676e 616d 6500 5f5f v.___progname.__
0002300: 6d68 5f65 7865 6375 7465 5f68 6561 6465 mh_execute_heade
0002310: 7200 5f65 6e76 6972 6f6e 005f 6d61 696e r._environ._main
0002320: 0073 7461 7274 005f 6578 6974 005f 7075 .start._exit._pu
0002330: 7473 0064 796c 645f 7374 7562 5f62 696e ts.dyld_stub_bin
0002340: 6465 7200 0000 0000 der.....
Thursday, July 25, 13
$ xxd -b hello
0002250: 00100000 00000000 00101111 01010101 01110011 01100101 ./Use
0002256: 01110010 01110011 00101111 01100001 01100001 01110010 rs/aar
000225c: 01101111 01101110 01100010 01100101 01100100 01110010 onbedr
0002262: 01100001 00101111 01000100 01100101 01110011 01101011 a/Desk
0002268: 01110100 01101111 01110000 00101111 00101111 00000000 top//.
000226e: 01101000 01100101 01101100 01101100 01101111 00101110 hello.
0002274: 01100011 00000000 00101111 01110110 01100001 01110010 c./var
000227a: 00101111 01100110 01101111 01101100 01100100 01100101 /folde
0002280: 01110010 01110011 00101111 01110000 00111000 00101111 rs/p8/
0002286: 00110011 01100011 01100110 01110001 00110111 01101000 3cfq7h
000228c: 01100110 01111000 00110111 01111001 00110101 01011111 fx7y5_
0002292: 00111001 01110111 01110001 00110100 01101100 01100110 9wq4lf
0002298: 00110110 01101100 01111001 00110110 01110100 01101101 6ly6tm
000229e: 00110000 00110000 00110000 00110000 01100111 01110000 0000gp
00022a4: 00101111 01010100 00101111 00101111 01100011 01100011 /T//cc
00022aa: 01001111 01111010 01100101 01110100 01010111 01110111 OzetWw
00022b0: 00101110 01101111 00000000 01011111 01101101 01100001 .o._ma
00022b6: 01101001 01101110 00000000 00101111 01010101 01110011 in./Us
00022bc: 01100101 01110010 01110011 00101111 01100001 01100001 ers/aa
00022c2: 01110010 01101111 01101110 01100010 01100101 01100100 ronbed
00022c8: 01110010 01100001 00101111 01000100 01100101 01110011 ra/Des
00022ce: 01101011 01110100 01101111 01110000 00101111 01101000 ktop/h
00022d4: 01100101 01101100 01101100 01101111 00101110 01100011 ello.c
00022da: 00000000 01011111 01110000 01110110 01100001 01110010 ._pvar
00022e0: 01110011 00000000 01011111 01001110 01011000 01000001 s._NXA
00022e6: 01110010 01100111 01100011 00000000 01011111 01001110 rgc._N
00022ec: 01011000 01000001 01110010 01100111 01110110 00000000 XArgv.
00022fe: 01011111 01011111 01101101 01101000 01011111 01100101 __mh_e
0002304: 01111000 01100101 01100011 01110101 01110100 01100101 xecute
000230a: 01011111 01101000 01100101 01100001 01100100 01100101 _heade
0002310: 01110010 00000000 01011111 01100101 01101110 01110110 r._env
0002316: 01101001 01110010 01101111 01101110 00000000 01011111 iron._
000231c: 01101101 01100001 01101001 01101110 00000000 01110011 main.s
0002322: 01110100 01100001 01110010 01110100 00000000 01011111 tart._
0002328: 01100101 01111000 01101001 01110100 00000000 01011111 exit._
000232e: 01110000 01110101 01110100 01110011 00000000 01100100 puts.d
0002334: 01111001 01101100 01100100 01011111 01110011 01110100 yld_st
000233a: 01110101 01100010 01011111 01100010 01101001 01101110 ub_bin
0002340: 01100100 01100101 01110010 00000000 00000000 00000000 der...
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
Thursday, July 25, 13
V=IR
Thursday, July 25, 13
“If you wish to make an
apple pie from scratch,
you must first invent
the universe.”
-- Carl Sagan
Thursday, July 25, 13
class DBC
def self.hello
puts "Hello DBC!"
end
end
V=IR
Thursday, July 25, 13
And that was just one
small sliver of reality
Thursday, July 25, 13
So choose your path(s)
Thursday, July 25, 13
And understand that
you can’t possibly learn
everything
Thursday, July 25, 13
But remember that
there’s nothing you
can’t do
Thursday, July 25, 13
And there’s no such
thing as magic
Thursday, July 25, 13

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Chaos, Fractal Structures, and Unknown Boundaries

  • 15. You have a lot to learn! Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 16. You don’t know what you don’t know Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 21. Each viable system is recurrent in nature, so it has a fractal structure Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 23. It is not necessary to enter the black box to understand the nature of the function it performs. Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 24. It is not necessary to enter the black box to calculate the variety that it potentially may generate Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 25. In a recursive organizational structure any viable system contains, and is contained in, a viable system Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 28. V=IR class DBC def self.hello puts "Hello DBC!" end end Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 29. class DBC def self.hello puts "Hello DBC!" end end Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 30. #include <ruby/ruby.h> VALUE hello(VALUE self) { printf("Hello DBC!n"); } void Init_hello(void) { VALUE klass = rb_define_class("DBC", rb_cObject); rb_define_singleton_method(klass, "hello", hello, 0); } Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 31. #include <stdio.h> int main(void) { printf("Hello DBC!n"); return 0; } Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 32. (gdb) disas main Dump of assembler code for function main: 0x0000000100000ef0 <main+0>: push %rbp 0x0000000100000ef1 <main+1>: mov %rsp,%rbp 0x0000000100000ef4 <main+4>: sub $0x10,%rsp 0x0000000100000ef8 <main+8>: lea 0x51(%rip),%rax 0x0000000100000eff <main+15>: mov %rax,%rdi 0x0000000100000f02 <main+18>: callq 0x100000f24 <dyld_stub_puts> 0x0000000100000f07 <main+23>: movl $0x0,-0x8(%rbp) 0x0000000100000f0e <main+30>: mov -0x8(%rbp),%eax 0x0000000100000f11 <main+33>: mov %eax,-0x4(%rbp) 0x0000000100000f14 <main+36>: mov -0x4(%rbp),%eax 0x0000000100000f17 <main+39>: add $0x10,%rsp 0x0000000100000f1b <main+43>: pop %rbp 0x0000000100000f1c <main+44>: retq Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 33. $ xxd hello 0000100: 5f5f 7374 7562 7300 0000 0000 0000 0000 __stubs......... 00001a0: 5f5f 6373 7472 696e 6700 0000 0000 0000 __cstring....... 00001f0: 5f5f 756e 7769 6e64 5f69 6e66 6f00 0000 __unwind_info... 0000500: 0c00 0000 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 2f64 796c ..../usr/lib/dyl 0000580: 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 2f6c 6962 5379 7374 /usr/lib/libSyst 0000590: 656d 2e42 2e64 796c 6962 0000 0000 0000 em.B.dylib...... 0002000: 1122 0055 4252 0000 1140 6479 6c64 5f73 .".UBR...@dyld_s 0002010: 7475 625f 6269 6e64 6572 0051 7228 9000 tub_binder.Qr(.. 0002020: 7238 1140 5f65 7869 7400 9000 7240 1140 r8.@_exit...r@.@ 0002030: 5f70 7574 7300 9000 0002 5f00 0c73 7461 _puts....._..sta 0002040: 7274 004b 0004 5f00 276d 6169 6e00 504e rt.K.._.'main.PN 0002050: 5841 7267 0055 656e 7669 726f 6e00 6700 XArg.Uenviron.g. 0002060: 026d 685f 6578 6563 7574 655f 6865 6164 .mh_execute_head 0002070: 6572 0047 5f70 726f 676e 616d 6500 6c02 er.G_progname.l. 0002250: 2000 2f55 7365 7273 2f61 6172 6f6e 6265 ./Users/aaronbe 0002260: 6472 612f 4465 736b 746f 702f 2f00 6865 dra/Desktop//.he 0002270: 6c6c 6f2e 6300 2f76 6172 2f66 6f6c 6465 llo.c./var/folde 0002280: 7273 2f70 382f 3363 6671 3768 6678 3779 rs/p8/3cfq7hfx7y 0002290: 355f 3977 7134 6c66 366c 7936 746d 3030 5_9wq4lf6ly6tm00 00022a0: 3030 6770 2f54 2f2f 6363 4f7a 6574 5777 00gp/T//ccOzetWw 00022b0: 2e6f 005f 6d61 696e 002f 5573 6572 732f .o._main./Users/ 00022c0: 6161 726f 6e62 6564 7261 2f44 6573 6b74 aaronbedra/Deskt 00022d0: 6f70 2f68 656c 6c6f 2e63 005f 7076 6172 op/hello.c._pvar 00022e0: 7300 5f4e 5841 7267 6300 5f4e 5841 7267 s._NXArgc._NXArg 00022f0: 7600 5f5f 5f70 726f 676e 616d 6500 5f5f v.___progname.__ 0002300: 6d68 5f65 7865 6375 7465 5f68 6561 6465 mh_execute_heade 0002310: 7200 5f65 6e76 6972 6f6e 005f 6d61 696e r._environ._main 0002320: 0073 7461 7274 005f 6578 6974 005f 7075 .start._exit._pu 0002330: 7473 0064 796c 645f 7374 7562 5f62 696e ts.dyld_stub_bin 0002340: 6465 7200 0000 0000 der..... Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 34. $ xxd -b hello 0002250: 00100000 00000000 00101111 01010101 01110011 01100101 ./Use 0002256: 01110010 01110011 00101111 01100001 01100001 01110010 rs/aar 000225c: 01101111 01101110 01100010 01100101 01100100 01110010 onbedr 0002262: 01100001 00101111 01000100 01100101 01110011 01101011 a/Desk 0002268: 01110100 01101111 01110000 00101111 00101111 00000000 top//. 000226e: 01101000 01100101 01101100 01101100 01101111 00101110 hello. 0002274: 01100011 00000000 00101111 01110110 01100001 01110010 c./var 000227a: 00101111 01100110 01101111 01101100 01100100 01100101 /folde 0002280: 01110010 01110011 00101111 01110000 00111000 00101111 rs/p8/ 0002286: 00110011 01100011 01100110 01110001 00110111 01101000 3cfq7h 000228c: 01100110 01111000 00110111 01111001 00110101 01011111 fx7y5_ 0002292: 00111001 01110111 01110001 00110100 01101100 01100110 9wq4lf 0002298: 00110110 01101100 01111001 00110110 01110100 01101101 6ly6tm 000229e: 00110000 00110000 00110000 00110000 01100111 01110000 0000gp 00022a4: 00101111 01010100 00101111 00101111 01100011 01100011 /T//cc 00022aa: 01001111 01111010 01100101 01110100 01010111 01110111 OzetWw 00022b0: 00101110 01101111 00000000 01011111 01101101 01100001 .o._ma 00022b6: 01101001 01101110 00000000 00101111 01010101 01110011 in./Us 00022bc: 01100101 01110010 01110011 00101111 01100001 01100001 ers/aa 00022c2: 01110010 01101111 01101110 01100010 01100101 01100100 ronbed 00022c8: 01110010 01100001 00101111 01000100 01100101 01110011 ra/Des 00022ce: 01101011 01110100 01101111 01110000 00101111 01101000 ktop/h 00022d4: 01100101 01101100 01101100 01101111 00101110 01100011 ello.c 00022da: 00000000 01011111 01110000 01110110 01100001 01110010 ._pvar 00022e0: 01110011 00000000 01011111 01001110 01011000 01000001 s._NXA 00022e6: 01110010 01100111 01100011 00000000 01011111 01001110 rgc._N 00022ec: 01011000 01000001 01110010 01100111 01110110 00000000 XArgv. 00022fe: 01011111 01011111 01101101 01101000 01011111 01100101 __mh_e 0002304: 01111000 01100101 01100011 01110101 01110100 01100101 xecute 000230a: 01011111 01101000 01100101 01100001 01100100 01100101 _heade 0002310: 01110010 00000000 01011111 01100101 01101110 01110110 r._env 0002316: 01101001 01110010 01101111 01101110 00000000 01011111 iron._ 000231c: 01101101 01100001 01101001 01101110 00000000 01110011 main.s 0002322: 01110100 01100001 01110010 01110100 00000000 01011111 tart._ 0002328: 01100101 01111000 01101001 01110100 00000000 01011111 exit._ 000232e: 01110000 01110101 01110100 01110011 00000000 01100100 puts.d 0002334: 01111001 01101100 01100100 01011111 01110011 01110100 yld_st 000233a: 01110101 01100010 01011111 01100010 01101001 01101110 ub_bin 0002340: 01100100 01100101 01110010 00000000 00000000 00000000 der... Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 50. “If you wish to make an apple pie from scratch, you must first invent the universe.” -- Carl Sagan Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 51. class DBC def self.hello puts "Hello DBC!" end end V=IR Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 52. And that was just one small sliver of reality Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 53. So choose your path(s) Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 54. And understand that you can’t possibly learn everything Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 55. But remember that there’s nothing you can’t do Thursday, July 25, 13
  • 56. And there’s no such thing as magic Thursday, July 25, 13

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. Imagine a circle that contains all of human knowledge
  2. By the time you finish elementary school, you know a little
  3. By the time you finish high school, you know a bit more
  4. With a bachelor&apos;s degree, you gain a specialty
  5. A master&apos;s degree deepens that specialty
  6. Reading research papers takes you to the edge of human knowledge
  7. Once you&apos;re at the boundary, you focus
  8. You push at the boundary for a few years
  9. Until one day, the boundary gives way
  10. And, that dent you&apos;ve made is called a Ph.D.
  11. Of course, the world looks different to you now
  12. So, don&apos;t forget the bigger picture
  13. A bipolar junction transistor consists of three regions of doped semiconductors. A small current in the base can be used to control a large r current flow ing between the emitter and collector.
  14. a valence electron is an electron that is associated with an atom , and that can participate in the formation of a chem ical bond ; in a single covalent bond , bo th atoms in t he bond contribute one valence electron in order to form a shared pair