IS PPT

1. DISSERTATION REPORT
 Associationof
Methylenetetrahydrofolate
reductase(MTHFR)gene
polymorphismwithIschemic
strokeinIndianPopulation
Presented by
Abhay Kumar Sharma
Guided by - Prof. Sadhana Sharma
Dean, Head of the department of Biochemistry,
AIIMS, Patna
Co- guide - Dr. Asgar Ali
Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Patna

2. INTRODUCTION
Stroke is a disease in which there is sudden death of brain cells due
to lack of oxygen, caused by blockage of blood flow or rupture of an
artery to the brain, it is also called a Brain attack.
Types of Stroke
Ischemic Stroke
Hemorrhagic
Stroke
Transient Ischemic
Strokes (TIA)

3. Ischemic
Stroke
• Caused by a blood clot in an artery and blocks the
flow of blood to a part of the brain.
Hemorrhagic
Stroke
• Occurs when a blood vessel rupture within the
brain.
Transient
Ischemic
Strokes (TIA)
• Occurs when a blood clot block an artery for a
short time

4. Ischemic Stroke
A complex multifactorial disease which occurs as a result of an obstruction
within a blood vessel supplying blood to the brain . About 80 percent of
strokes are ischemic.
Figure : Showing obstruction within a blood vessel
supplying blood to the brain

5. Ischemic stroke can result from the interaction
of unfavourable genetic factors such as
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)
and other risk factors.

6. METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE
 The MTHFR enzyme works with the folate vitamins (B9, folic
acid), which breaks it down from 5,10-
methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5-methylenetetrahydrofolate
 The later helps to convert the amino acid homocysteine to
another essential amino acid, methionine, which is used by
our body to make proteins, utilize antioxidants, and to assist
our liver to process fats.
 Methionine is converted in our liver into SAM-e (s-adenosyl
methionine), which is anti-inflammatory, supports our immune
system, and is involved in the growth, repair and maintenance
of our cells.
 The polymorphism involved in MTHFR at C677T and
A1298C may lead to stroke.

7. GENE LOCATION
Figure: The MTHFR gene on short (p) arm of
chromosome 1 at position is located 36.3.

8. Figure: Showing folate, methionine and homocysteine metabolism
GENE FUNCTION

9. AIM AND OBJECTIVE
With this background information the present
studies aim to analyze the polymorphism of
MTHFR gene at position A1298C in ischemic
stroke patients from Indian population.

10. MATERIALS AND METHODS
> Whole blood samples of 134 stroke patients as well as 20
control samples were taken.
STEPS PERFORMED
1) DNA isolation : Isolation of DNA from blood using kit.
a) Solution based method &
b) Column method
Figure: DNA is visible as thread like
structure after addition of chilled
isopropanol

11. 2. Agarose gel electrophoresis of
isolated DNA samples was
performed
Figure: DNA bands of different
patients
under UV transilluminator
3. The PCR was performed for
A1298 at proper condition
Figure: PCR amplified product,
lane1 ladder (100 bp); and
P2-P9 different patient
samples showing bands at
163 bp by Agarose gel
electrophoresis.

12. 4) Restriction digestion for A1298C
using endonuclease MboII
S. No. Components 1x
a) D.W 7.4 µl
b) 10 x buffer 2ul
c) MboII 0.3µl
d) Amplified Product-l 10µl
Total volume 20μl
→Incubate for 8 to 10hrs at 37ºC, then
reaction was stopped by placing in 62ºC
for 20 min.
5) Digested product was
run on 10% PAGE for 45 min
Fig6: A1298C polymorphism
analysis . Lane-1, AA (normal);
lane-2, CC (homozygous); lane-3, AA
(normal); lane-4, 50bp DNA ladder;
lane-5, AC (heterozygous); lane-6, AA
(normal) and lane-7, AA (normal).

13. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
 A total 30 cases out of 138 cases and 20 control samples were
successfully amplified by PCR for MTHFR (1298) gene.
 Among them 18 were taken for restriction digestion because of
short of time. We observed a polymorphic allele frequency of 8 in
the cases and 7 in the controls.
 Frequencies of MTHFR 1298AA, 1298AC, and 1298CC
genotypes were 2, 4 and 2 and in the cases and 2, 4, and 1 in
the controls respectively.
 In the present study, we report an association between
susceptibility to ischemic stroke and polymorphisms in the gene
encoding the enzyme MTHFR. Specifically, we found that
individuals with at least one MTHFR mutation at 1298 (A→C)
were less likely to contract the disease.

14. CONCLUSION
 The MTHFR polymorphisms A1298C, seemed not
related to the onset of ischemic stroke in my study.
 However, further studies on larger sample size are
warranted to elucidate the role of MTHFR 1298
gene polymorphism in ischemic stroke.