Opportunity by association 2014 – Career strategies for international graduates
1. Opportunity by Association –
Career strategies for international graduates
(Potential post-doctoral support clusters)
David E. Forbes
Presentation to Enterprise Unit 4 Postgraduate Researchers
Curtin University School of Information Systems
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3. Loners v Team Players
“If you want to go fast, go alone.
If you want to go far, go together.”
African Proverb
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4. Employer Perspectives
Effective communication skills were reported by the
largest proportion of employers in each sector* as
being within ‘the five most important attributes/skills
for recent PhD graduates employed in their
organisation’
*(Private = 73%, Public = 51%, University = 56%).
RACHAEL PITT Australian Employers’ Expectations and Perceptions of PhD Graduates in the
Workplace La Trobe University Australia April 2012
http://qpr.edu.au/2012/expectations_and_perceptions_of_phd_graduates_in_the
_workplace.pdf
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5. Employers - continued
• Employers also reported that they do not
want to hire PhD graduates whose focus is
overly specialised, or who are lacking industry
focus, teamwork, or communication skills.
RACHAEL PITT Australian Employers’ Expectations and Perceptions of PhD Graduates
in the Workplace La Trobe University Australia
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6. Migration and Productivity
2009 Study Report findings
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World class physicists, born in 32 different countries
Studied for their first degree in 30 different countries
Did PhDs in 22 countries
Are presently located in only 16 countries
The data show a kind of ‘funnelling’ effect of approximately
50% from birth: people from 32 nations now reside in half that number
• The percentage of physicists present in each country shows a gradual
funnelling effect towards the US
R. S. Hunter, A. J. Oswald, and B. G. Charlton, "The Elite Brain Drain*," The Economic Journal,
vol. 119, pp. F231-F251, 2009. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.14680297.2009.02274.x/pdf
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7. US job prospects for young science PhDs.
Graph taken from The PhD Bust: America's Awful Market for Young Scientists—in 7 Charts’ Jordan
Weissmann Feb 20 2013 http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2013/02/the-phd-bust-americasawful-market-for-young-scientists-in-7-charts/273339/
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9. Mobility
• Data collected from 17,182 respondents using a web-based survey of
corresponding authors in 16 countries in four fields during 2011
• Switzerland has the largest percent of immigrant scientists working in
country (56.7); Canada, and Australia trail by nine or more percent; the
U.S. and Sweden by approximately eighteen percent. India has the lowest
(0.8), followed closely by Italy and Japan
• Currently, approximately 48 percent of all PhDs awarded in the United
States go to those who are either temporary or permanent residents.
Almost 60 percent of all postdocs working in the United States are on a
temporary visa
C. Franzoni, G. Scellato, P. Stephan
FOREIGN BORN SCIENTISTS: MOBILITY PATTERNS FOR SIXTEEN COUNTRIES Working Paper 18067
NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 May
2012 http://www.nber.org/papers/w18067
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10. The Changing PhD March 2013
Executive Summary - extract
One measure of the global success of the PhD is the
number of research doctorates produced each year:
US universities awarded 49,010 in 2011, Australian
universities 6,780. Many countries have targets to
increase the production of PhDs. India aims to
graduate 20,000 a year by 2020.
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11. The Changing PhD March 2013
Executive Summary – extract (2)
A major theme running through all recent reforms in all
countries is the need to focus on student outcomes,
not just on the research that they produce. Among
other things, this has involved recognising the diversity
of employment trajectories that a PhD can follow and
the need to prepare students for these in ways that will
enable them to exploit their full potential.
The Changing PhD, Group of Eight, Level 2, 101 Northbourne Ave, Turner, 2612
PO Box 6229, O'Connor, 2602 ACT Australia
www.go8.edu.au/__documents/go8-policy.../the-changing-phd_final.pdf
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12. The Changing PhD March 2013
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Attachment 1
Potential attributes of PhD graduates
Disciplinary knowledge
Research skills
Technical skills and knowledge
Contribution to knowledge
Generic skills
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13. Global employment trends 2013
Global employment trends 2013: Recovering from a second jobs dip / International Labour
Office. Geneva: ILO, 2013 (172 pages)
Unemployment is on the rise again, as job
creation slows across most regions
The rise in estimated global unemployment by
4.2 million in 2012 is one of the largest increases
since the early 2000s, excluding the immediate
crisis years (see Figure 7). Reaching 197.3 million
jobseekers in 2012, the number of unemployed is
expected to rise further by about 5.1 million in
2013 and by 2.9 million in 2014
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18. Implications of the Chaney Report for the Labour
Market Outcomes for International Students*
The Australian labour market is softening with
the end of the mineral industries investment
boom. This report shows that most overseas
student graduates from Non-English-SpeakingBackgrounds are already struggling to find
professional level employment. *Report calls
for remedial actions.
http://artsonline.monash.edu.au/cpur/files/2013/06/Chaney-reportrecommendation.pdf
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19. The Dirty Secrets of Agency
Recruitment
Agencies involved in publishing fake job
advertisements include:
• Otherwise ‘legitimate’ well known recruiters
and
• the broader scamming (criminal fraud)
industry – especially online ‘agents’
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20. Dirty Secrets …just a few examples
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Better Business Bureau – Fake Employment Agency Fools Job Hunters with Scam Calls
April 5, 2013
See more at: http://www.bbb.org/blog/2013/04/fake-employment-agency-fools-job-hunters-withscam-calls/#sthash.TZP6YmyR.dpufv
Former recruitment agent spills details on what really goes on in the industry
November 14, 2013
http://www.news.com.au/business/worklife/former-recruitment-agent-spills-details-on-whatreally-goes-on-in-the-industry/story-e6frfm9r-1226759720120
Are ‘Phishing’ Scammers Shifting En Masse To Recruiting: How Deep? How Widespread?
Matt Charney on November 8, 2013
Featured Guest Post by Gerry Crispin http://www.recruitingblogs.com/profiles/blogs/online-jobscams
Bechtel warns of cash for job scam
15 November, 2013 Vicky Validakis http://www.miningaustralia.com.au/news/bechtel-warns-ofcash-for-job-scam
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21. Dirty Secrets …more warnings
• I fell for a Craigslist job scam Mar 1, 2012
• I wish I'd seen the red flags, but unemployment made me desperate
enough to take a risk I now regret
• http://www.salon.com/2012/03/01/i_fell_for_a_craigslist_job_scam/print
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• How To Identify and Avoid FAKE Employment Agencies and Adverts Jobs/Vacancies - Nairaland
• http://www.nairaland.com/969314/how-identify-avoid-fake-employment
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• Career Advice – How To Recognize Fake Job Ads
• by Phil Rosenberg http://www.recareered.com/blog/2011/01/28/careeradvice-how-to-recognize-fake-job-ads/
Note: These are a tiny sample - the tip of a very large iceberg of deceit
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22. More Positively –What can we do?
A Starting Point
From: ‘The Start-up of You’ by Reid Hoffman (co-founder
and chairman of LinkedIn) and Ben Casnocha. Silicon Valley
entrepreneur and blogger:
• “No matter how brilliant your mind or strategy, if you’re
playing a solo game, you’ll always lose out to a team.”
• “If you want to build a strong network that will help you
move ahead in your career, it’s vital to first take stock of
the connections you already have.”
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23. Opportunity drivers from postgraduate peer
support clusters
Synergy
Empathy
Teaming
Lag time (data shelf-life) mitigation
Active (not passive) networking
Purposeful
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24. Patterns of Contact and
Communication in Scientific Collaboration
Kraut, R. E., Egido, C., Galegher, J. (1988).. In: Proceedings of the
Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW’88), pp.1-12. (Cited in: Informal Communication
and Awareness in Virtual Teams - Why We Need Smart Technologies to Support Distributed Teamwork
Carsten Röcker Human Technology Centre (HumTec), RWTH Aachen University
Theaterplatz 14, 52056 Aachen, Germany)
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27. Acculturation
The modification of the culture of a group or
individual as a result of contact with a
different culture. (Free Dictionary)
Question – In the career search is it time for a
new, richer, shared form of acculturation?
How might we use human-machine
communications systems to this end?
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28. Selected readings on Acculturation
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Not All International Students Are the Same
http://wenr.wes.org/2012/08/wenr-feature-2012-not-all-international-students-are-the-same/
Real Jobs: Employment for Migrants and Refugees in Australia
http://eccv.org.au/library/doc/ECCVDiscussionPaper3-RealJobs.pdf
SER Knowledge Café with international students
Foreign talent is encountering obstacles
http://www.ser.nl/en/publications/news/20130329-foreign-talent-is-encountering-obstacles.aspx
An Investigation into the Acculturation Strategies Of Chinese Students in Germany
http://www.uri.edu/iaics/content/2011v20n2/15WeihuaYuShuWang.pdf
Exploring the acculturation of Taiwanese students in an Australian University: English self‐confidence, wellbeing and
friendships
http://www.griffith.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/88122/11.-Alina-Sullivan---Acculturation-of-Taiwanese-students-inan-Aust-uni.pdf
Smith, Rachel & Khawaja, Nigar (2011) A review of the acculturation experiences of international students. International
Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35(6), pp. 699-713.
http://eprints.qut.edu.au/46481/1/46481A.pdf
Rethinking the Concept of Acculturation: Implications for Theory and Research
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3700543/pdf/nihms481011.pdf
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29. Intuition and the Scientist
I believe in intuition and inspiration.
Imagination is more important than
knowledge. For knowledge is limited, whereas
imagination embraces the entire world,
stimulating progress, giving birth to evolution.
It is, strictly speaking, a real factor in scientific
research.
— Albert Einstein
Cosmic Religion: With Other Opinions and Aphorisms (1931)
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30. The EU4 Cluster Engine Potential
Peer group career opportunity by association map
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31. www.qoledge.com
Acculturation support service launch due in 2014
International connections
Service specifically designed for postgraduates
Interested in this ongoing development? Contact: David Forbes few.edge@gmail.com
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