Pharmacology An antagonist, such as atropine, can cause major physiological responses in man such as paralysis of accommodation dilated pupils, difficulty in micturition, and a dry mouth. Atropine can cause modest tachycardia (up to 8090 beats/min). This is due to: A) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system B) Inhibition of parasympathetic tone C) Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system D) An indirect effect due to nitric oxide.