Abortion continues to be embraced by the youths in University despite the diverse effects associated with the practice.... How can Edutainment be used to facilitate awareness regarding risks of induced abortion? lets check it out

1. OCEN GEORGE BUSH 10/U/14985/PS
ZURA AHMED 10/U/2556

2. TOPIC: Facilitating Induced Abortion Risk Awareness
among Makerere University Students: The Edutainment
Approach

3. INTRODUCTIO
N
• The Latin word abortus means
"miscarriage, premature or
untimely birth".
• In medicine abortion means
ending a pregnancy
prematurely.
WHO defines unsafe abortion as
the procedure of terminating a
pregnancy that is performed by an
individual lacking the necessary
skills, or in an environment that
does not conform to minimal
medical standards or both.

4. ABOUT ABORTION
• Abortion can happen
spontaneously or it can be
induced,
• An estimated 44million
abortions are performed
globally each year with
slightly half of these
performed unsafely.
methods of induced abortion:
• Use of abortifacients, herbs
and the use of sharp
instruments, application of
abdominal pressure among
other techniques.

5. ABORTION AND THE LAW
• Diverse religious, moral and cultural
sensibilities continue to influence abortion
laws throughout the country.
• The law on abortion as listed in the 1995
constitution of Uganda is vague.
• CRHU indicates that majority of women in
Uganda go for unsafe abortion even in cases
where they would legally procure a safe
abortion because they have been made to
believe that terminating pregnancy is illegal.
• Perceived illegality of abortion services in
Uganda have led to fear, stigma and secrecy
driving women and girls to desperate
measures to end pregnancies.
•

6. BACKGROUND • Complications of unsafe abortion account for
approximately an eighth of maternal mortalities
worldwide though this varies by region. Infertility
caused by unsafe abortions affects an estimated 24
million women and the rate of unsafe abortion has
increased from 44% in 1995 to 49% in 2008.
• MOH indicates a total of 292,000 abortions
annually in Uganda and this translates to 800
abortions per day and more than half procured
using crude methods.
• As many as 300,000 young women seek abortion
every year. post abortion treatment is expensive,
($130) per an individual (2009 estimates)
• A growing level of evidence suggests that sexual
harassment is widespread in educational setting in
many parts of the world (UNICEF, 2002).

7. FACTORS THAT PROMPT INDUCED ABORTION AMONG
UNIVERSITY STUDENTS• Lack of financial support from the male
counter parts
• Lack of moral and emotional support
• Lack of adequate communication and
assertiveness skills by the female
• Fear of dropping out of University
• Fear of responsibility
• Fear for the unbearable labor pain
• Cultural norms and values
• Lack of adequate knowledge of contraceptive

8. EFFECTS OF INDUCED
ABORTION
• Health Complications resulting to loss of life
• Secondary infertility
• Hemorrhage / excessive loss of blood
• Shock and emotional damage
• Disease and infections to reproductive organs.

9. LITERATURE REVIEW Entertainment is a performance or spectacle that captures
the interest or attention of individuals, giving them
pleasure and/or amusement (Singhal, 1990).
Education is a formal program of instruction and training
that has the potential to develop an individual's skill to
achieve a particular end by boosting his or her mental,
moral, or physical powers (Singhal, 1990).
Entertainment-education is the process of purposely
designing and implementing a media message both to
entertain and educate, in order to increase audience
members' knowledge about an educational issue, create
favorable attitudes, and change overt behavior.

10. MORE ON
LITERATURE
REVIEW
• Its use in radio, television, comic books, and
rock music, when designed according to
communication and social psychological
theories, is a matter of the past 25 years
• 1951,BBC began broadcasting Ybe Ambers, a
radio soap opera that carried educational
messages about agricultural development.
• Late 1950s, Elaine Perkins began
experi-menting with the
entertainment-education strategy in radio
serials to promote family planning and other
development issues.
• We are"educated" by the entertainment
media, even if unintended by the source and

11. MORE ON LITERATURE
REVIEW
• Used in Asia, Africa and in Latin America and has
demonstrated effectiveness in changing behaviors related
to reproductive health ,AIDS education and status of
women( CDC, 2004).
• Radio soap opera, Twende na Wakati, in Tanzania.
• NGOs have recently begun to use radio and Television
edutainment to address violence against women.
• W.H.O estimates for eastern Africa which stand at 18%.
• M.O.H indicates that annual abortion rate stands at 54
abortions per 1000 women of reproductive age, -292,000
abortions are carried out annually in Uganda, translating
to a 800 abortions per a day.
• W.H.O estimates for eastern Africa which stand at 18%.
• M.O.H- abortion related causes accounted for
26% of maternal deaths.
• In Uganda, matters relating to sex and sexuality
are shrouded in secrecy (“International
Perspectives on Sexual”, 2012).

12. PROBLEM
STATEMENT
The entertainment media have a high potential to educate
the public about various social problems.
But most of these possibilities have not fully been put to
use basing on a number of teachings including. The
Hebraic-Christian concept of sin placing entertainment
and en-joyment.
Messages about abortion are not tailored to suit the
students interests.
National policy makers repeatedly prefer rational and
serious approach to crafting and delivering the messages
to the young people, media practitioners, and
inter-national donor agencies in both developed and
developing countries do not seriously consider the
educational potential of entertainment media.
Therefore, this campaign is mainly seeking to demonstrate
the practicality of edutainment success in positively
solving unsafe abortion among University students.

13. -8 months and these will be divided into four
semesters
The campaign will actively running for the first
two months of each semester at the university
simply because this is the time when students
can actively get involved especially before they
start off with tests and exams.

14. GOAL:
To raise awareness regarding the risks of induced
abortion using the edutainment strategy to
highlight its causes and effects among Makerere
University students.
OBJECTIVES:
• To raise awareness about the risks of induced
abortion among University students
• To highlight the causes and effects of induced
abortion using the edutainment strategy.
• To promote abortion mainstreaming during
student orientation.

15. TARGET AUDIENCES• The primary target audience is composed
of the female students of Makerere
University
• The secondary targets will include the
following:
• The male students of Makerere University
• The wardens in the halls of residence and
the various hostels in and around
Makerere University.
• Student leaders
• Media houses
• Administration at Makerere University
and the church leaders

16. STRATEGY AND
TACTICS poetry
Drama and skits

17. THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORKS
• THEORY OF REASONED ACTION
• conceptualizes social behaviors as a result of an
individual’s decision making.
• Analyses the ability of an individual to make reasonable
decision based on facts and information availed to him.
• Theory of Reasoned Action has been used is in HIV-
preventive behavior. Where safer sex requires
cooperation between sexual partners.
• SOCIAL INFLUENCE
• A model which integrates information- motivation-
behavior and skills with social influence as the bedrock.
• Using influential persons in the entertainment industry
is the most proximate way to correlate and mediate the
relationship between information and motivation to
positive nuance.

18. METHODOLOGIES • The campaign will employ qualitative
methods of data collection.
• Interviews: Face to face interviews.
• Focus group discussions

19. BUDGET
ACTIVITIES OR ITEMS ESTIMATED COST
Acting and skits 3.5 million Ug shs
Sensitization campaigns or
drives including counselling
services
3 million Ug shs
Transport costs 500,000 Ug shs
Media costs 5million Ug shs
Other logistics including
condoms and contraceptives
2 million Ug shs

20. MONITORING
• Defined as the regular collection, analysis and use of information to help guide the
programme.
• Ensures that:
• communication programme is carried out as planned.
• No unforeseen, or unexpected events or shifts take place.
• Determine whether the planned activities produced changes observed.
• To be effective:
• Inputs monitoring
Measure the resources going into conducting and carrying out the preventing abortion
interventions.
• Process monitoring
Whether activities were implemented with the planned frequency, intensity &
appropriate timing.
• Output monitoring.-
Immediate results obtained from the communication programme through execution of
the planned activities

21. EVALUATION
• Refers to the careful examination of an ongoing or completed programme that
measures how well the programme has achieved its objectives.
• Stimulate further improvement and redesign; guide cost-effective future funding
allocations and support advocacy.
Utilize both student-based and programme-based data, gathered by qualitative
methodologies.
Evaluation of programme period
a semester after the
termination of the campaign.

22. Data coding
• For effective processing as well as
• producing useful information for the user.
• Involves changing the original data
• into a much shortened version in preparation for a more in-depth analysis.
• Use open coding technique which will involve looking for distinct concepts and
categories in the data, which will form the basic unit of the analysis, where data
will be broken down into master headings and sub headings
• Clearly bring out the causes and risks involved in abortion as experienced and
witnessed by the interviewers and samples under study will be highlighted.

23. Data analysis
• Involves inspecting, cleaning, transforming
and modelling data to discover useful information,
suggesting conclusions and support.
• Credibility of the information recorded and
• all the data collected from the sources will be realistically weighed and
incorporated in the skits and poems.
• Look out for supporting material to the pre-developed assumptions and new
trends and new information which had not been highlighted earlier.

24. Data Presentation
• Due to the emotive nature of the subject abortion,
• entertainment will be used in presenting the results.
• Forms of Dissemination:
• Power Point presentations designed with text.
• A documentary.
• Will use captivating narratives and music plus pictures
• to fully exemplify the risks involved in abortion and calling for action.

25. RECOMMENDATION
• Legislators and the leaders at various levels must clarify the abortion laws and
broaden access to information about reproductive health.
• Free and affordable public sector family planning and reproductive health
counselling services.
• Expand and improve the quality of post abortion care services.
• Raise the provider’s awareness of the content and scope of the country`s
abortion laws and to equip them with the appropriate training to provide safe
abortion services in legally permitted circumstances.
• Fictional genres have proved useful and
efficient in passing on messages,
contrary to what often is (not) obtained
through the more traditional journalistic
spread of information.

26. CONCLUSION
• The practice of abortion is also increasingly being consolidated into larger
facilities. Market pressures account for the practice of abortion by specialized,
urban and large case-load providers. To generate a profit margin, abortion clinics
have almost exclusively located in urban areas where there is a large population
base such as around Makerere University.
• The MOH 2006 National Policy Guidelines for sexual and reproductive health and
rights, the only Government document which provides circumstances under
which abortion may be provided in the country is in short supply, Ministry should
embark on an exercise to disseminate information on the legal and policy
framework regarding abortion to clear the inadequacies in the system and the
law.

27. STAND UP FOR LIFE
Her body glistens in the light
I urge to play with her all night
Got you half flipping like fire,
Come with me let me take you higher,
I am the object of all your desire,
And your attention is all I require
I pick her up and hold her steady,
Running my hand up her back, for
“bend over girl”
This song makes me feel euphoric,
We are having fun, believe me it shows.
Her body glistens when in light,
You are like a jewel baby so bright,
And I am addicted when you shake it,
I know when the same feels
I pick her up and hold her firm,
I wanna take you to the clouds and let
you scream my name,
Willing seduction is no seduction at all,
Have to stay focused, every moment
counts.
I take a deep breath, we both are ready.

28. Her body glistens in the dark,
I start out slow to get in the swing,
She starts to sing to my swing,
The sounds and feelings grow more immense.
The movement more intense.
She screams and screams while am groping,
Her roommate walks in
“So you guys had already cum back”.
Pretty jewel felt nausea last evening,
I remember her body glistening in the light,
Emotions run dead and she thinks am in love?
No protection there was, no glove
Dad bailed out he ain`t ready for a kid,
Mum will blow it out of proportion,
Plus she lives poor, so no money,
Hell’s a place called home,
The days go by and my belly’s getting bigger,
Why is the world so cold to trigger?
Bleeding on my inside, crying on the out daily?
Nobody got me pregnant really?
I’ll pop the pills to get rid of the pain mainly,
T’was short term escape-long term agony,
My life’s now a mess,
My head constantly spinning,
My stomach paining and crumping,
Vomiting, bleeding, and spotting,
I now have two victims,
A dead baby and a dead conscience,
I hear a baby crying for this life.