The document discusses infection, disease, epidemiology, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, and treatment. It notes that infection is caused by the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms not normally present in the body. It reports that in the US there are over 2 million hospital-acquired infections annually, costing over $1 billion in the UK. The pathophysiology of infection involves the activation of immune cells and inflammatory responses. Diagnostic tests include blood tests, imaging scans, and wound cultures. Treatment involves wound cleaning, antibiotics, NSAIDs, lifestyle changes, and medicines or surgery.

1. INFECTION
AND
DISEASE
By IFSHA AKHLAQ

2. INFECTION
 The invasion and multiplication of microorganism
such as bacteria, virus and parasites that are not
normally present within the body.

3. EPIDEMIOLOGY
 In united state 2 millions nosocomial infection in
hospitalized patient.
 3-21 % in 2002 survey
 Annually 1 billion pounds cost in United kingdom
10% patient

4. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
 the normal host cell response to infection is a
complex process that localizes and controls
bacterial invasions, and initiating the repair of any
injured tissues.
Involves
 Activation of circulating and fixed phagocyte cells,
 The generation of pro inflammatory and
inflammatory mediators.
 Sepsis results when the response to infection
becomes generalized and involves normal tissues
from the site of injury or an infection.

5. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
 Fever
 Warm
 Painful swollen wound
 Blood or pus coming from the wound
 Dizziness
 Fast heart beat

6. DIAGNOSTIC TEST
 Blood tests
 X-rays
 C T scan
 MRI scan
 Wound culture

7. TREATMENT
 Wound cleaning
 Antibiotics
 NSAIDS

8. DISEASE
 Illness or sickness characterized by specific signs
and symptoms

9. EPIDEMIOLOGY
 The 95% of the world wide population measured in
disease.

10. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
 Functional changes in the body that occurs in the
body.
 A disease would change the conformation of an
enzyme; something would not be spilt or altered in
some way then leads to symptoms.

11. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
 Disease may be acute, chronic, malignant or
benign.
 Acute disease symptoms are nausea, vomiting and
pain.
 Chronic disease have severe pains, diarrhea,
swelling, breathing troubles etc.

12. DIAGNOSTIC TEST
 Different type of diagnostic tests are
 Blood tests
 Computed tomography scan
 X-rays

13. TREATMENT
 Life style changes
 Follow a healthy diet
 Exercise regularly
 Manage stress
 Medicines
 Surgeries