2. Standard Deviation
The standard deviation is kind of the "mean
of the mean," and often can help you find
the story behind the data. To understand
this concept, it can help to learn about what
statisticians call "normal distribution" of
data.
Robertniles.com offers simple explanations
of how to compute SD
http://www.robertniles.com/stats/stdev.shtml
3. A normal distribution of data means that
most of the examples in a set of data are
close to the "average," while relatively few
examples tend to one extreme or the other.
4. Robert Niles’s Example
Let's say you are writing a story about
nutrition. You need to look at people's
typical daily calorie consumption. Like most
data, the numbers for people's typical
consumption probably will turn out to be
normally distributed. That is, for most
people, their consumption will be close to
the mean, while fewer people eat a lot more
or a lot less than the mean.