Urbanisation is occurring in LEDCs for several reasons. Shanty towns located on the outskirts of cities have poor living conditions and lack basic infrastructure and services. Common problems experienced by residents include lack of clean water and sanitation, unsafe and overcrowded housing, unemployment and poverty. Efforts to improve conditions in shanty towns could prioritize providing access to clean water, healthcare, education, and jobs to raise living standards.

1. Urbanisation in LEDCs
Why is urbanisation happening in LEDCs?
What are the effects of this?
Where are shanty towns located?
What could be done to improve them?

2. WHERE IS SAO PAULO?
South
America,
Brazil, Sao
Paulo is on
the coast
just south
of Rio de
Janeiro

3. Sao Paulo

4. Central Sao Paulo

5. Jardim Colombo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

6. Jardim Colombo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
You can
see that
Jardim
Colombo
an favela
is on the
outskirts of
SP

7. •What are the ‘push’ factors that would make
people want to leave the countryside?
•What are the ‘pull’ factors that encourage people
to move to the city?

8. Paraisópolis favela, Morumbi, Sao
Paulo, a prime example of social
segregation

9. If you lived here, what daily
hardships would you have to
cope with?
Can we split these problems
into categories?
Which is the worst hardship?

10. Improving a shanty town…
• You are a member of the Ariba shanty
town.
• You have the job of running a self-help
scheme for your fellow shanty town
dwellers.
• Prioritise the problems in the shanty town
using your base sheets and the light blue
information sheet.

11. Improving a shanty town…
• Now look at the development of Ariba from
the point of view of a local authority
planner, from the City.
• What would they want to do?
• Why would they think that?
• .

12. What can you spend?
• Now look at the development of Ariba from
the point of view of a local authority
planner, from the City.
• What would they want to do?
• Why would they think that?
• .