Basically, a cookie is a small piece of information where data sent by the website get stored in the user’s computer while the user is browsing. Cookies vary browser to browser it means they are browser-specific. Basically, it means that your Chrome and Firefox will not be able to see each other’s cookies which are stored in them.

1. Google Analytics Cookies Tracking

2. You may know wonder how the internet world knows you better than that your close
friends. You would also curious to know that whenever you see ads online, for
example, it matches from the last ads you saw in previous searches. How do other
websites get to know which website you visited and what pages were you looking
for? That’s where you find Google analytics cookies come in. Website Cookies are
browser-specific as well as site-specific which means Flipkart will not be able to see
the cookies that you saved in Amazon.com.
Basically, a cookie is a small piece of information where data sent by the website
get stored in the user’s computer while the user is browsing. Cookies vary browser
to browser it means they are browser-specific. Basically, it means that your Chrome
and Firefox will not be able to see each other’s cookies which are stored in them.
Basics of Google Analytics Cookies
Whenever you access any website then you add the cookie into your browser.

3. And like that hundred of cookies, you would have saved into your computer.
Imagine that cookies are not like a biscuit, it is a tool that helps you to understand
who your customers are? It gives you the information about the visitors that visited
your website and providing your website analytics.
This seems useful, doesn’t it? It is.
So let’s study about Google Analytics cookies and to gain full understanding I will
explain to you further details:
1. First party cookie
2. Third party cookie
3. Google Analytics cookies setup
What are First-Party and Third-Party Cookies

4. The www (World Wide Web) is made up of two types of cookie which are known as
the first-party cookies and other is a third-party cookie. Google Analytics uses first-
party cookies to store information about their visitors.
Difference between first party and third party
First party cookies lie in the domain. For example, if you access any XYZ website
then XYZ website domain will set the cookies into your browser. These cookies are
known as the first party cookie whereas third-party cookies are not set by the
domain which is being visited but rather by someone else. Suppose if you are
visiting the forbs.com website then cookies are not set by forbes.com these cookies
will be set by ads that would be running at that time.
In other words, the first-party cookie linked to the site you, visits and user. Whereas
third party cookie can be any external assets and popups. It can be blocked by a
user that’s why Google Analytics uses first-party cookies, not third-party cookies.

5. Now I hope you have understood the concept of first-party cookies and third-party
cookies.
How are Google Analytics Cookies Setup
Whenever you start with Google Analytics first you will have to generate the tracking
code. This code you have to embed to your website. This code will set the cookies
and allow your website analytics.
To store the maximum number of information Google analytics uses several
cookies. Each of those store different data. One cookie store the information of
unique visitors that visits the website and another will maintain the record of time
spent by the visitor on to that website.
So in result, you get the detailed result about the visitor’s behavior whenever he/she
online.

6. Four Important Cookies Used by Google Analytics to Store the
Full Journey of Customer
● __utma
● __utmb
● __utmc
● __utmz
All these cookies have different workflows. Every cookie, not only the Google
analytics cookie expires either it reaches to their expiration date or the browser
closes by the visitor.
Let’s explore these cookies and understand their roles
Different Google Analytics Cookies and Website Analytics

7. __utma:
This cookie is used to track for every unique visitor. If someone accesses your
website then __utma cookie will generate the client id for that unique visitor. It
means if someone comes back to your website through the same browser, Google
analytics will get to know it.
How? It because of that client id is generated by the __utma cookie.
And what other information can we get from __utma cookie?
In addition to assigning a unique identification to each of your visitors, the __utma
cookie records the time and date of the first visit, the total number of visits, and the
start time of the current visit.
Finally, you may find that it is useful to know that __utma cookies usually end in
two years.

8. However, if your visitors come back to your site, a cookie will be updated, and the
countdown begins again.
But alone __utma cookies will not be enough to provide useful information about
your target market. That’s why Google Analytics uses cookies four different
analysis.
In this picture, you will see the client id which is associated with the users. It will be
different for different users. Thanks for __utma cookie for this.

9. __utmb
This cookie keeps the record of the number of page views and timeouts of your
website get. It also records the information of all the start time of each visit.
This cookie expires at every 30 minutes of inactivity on your website. If a visitor goes
to the new page of your website then it will be refreshed and 30 minutes countdown
will start again.
__utmc
__utmc is basically for manage session. This cookie keeps the record of every single
session. It means as soon as visit ends, the browser close by the visitor this cookie
will record this as one session.
The two previous cookies give you a lot of data about the visitor’s behavior on your
site. But this cookie seems to give you information about the how visitors have
accessed your website:

10. have they typed URL of your website directly into your browser or have they clicked
on any link somewhere on your site?
So, this type of information is kept by the __utmc cookie.
__utmz
__utmz cookie gives you insights into each traffic source. This means it gives the
information of that source from which visitors are coming from. You will be able to
find all the information on each visit (if the traffic source is coming different from the
previous visit). Basically, you will be able to find the campaign name and campaign
source.
This cookie expires after every 6 months and it is only refreshed when the visitor’s
source changes.
Now that you understand the different Google cookies, it’s time to see how Google
Analytics treats users from different devices.

11. Thanks to Google Analytics cookies, you not only know how long users have been
on your website but also where they’re coming from, as shown in the following
figure:

12. Google Analytics Cookies for Mobile, Ipad and Website
Nowadays visitors are accessing your website through different kind of devices.
These devices might be mobile, iPad, laptop, and desktop. Weather if it on their
phone while on away or on their tablet while sitting on their bed.
Google analytics will need to collect their data together. The four previous cookies
are not able to allow you to collect this kind of information across devices.
With __utma, you can remember a visitor from the same browser, but you cannot
recognize visitors on different devices. To do this, you must configure the user ID in
Google Analytics.
What is User ID in Google Analytics
The user id allows Google analytics to associate different sessions across the
devices.

13. If you visit the Glide website today from your laptop in the standard Google
Analytics implementation and fill out the “Contact Us” form the next day from your
mobile device, Google Analytics considers you two users. As you can imagine, this
means your data is not completely accurate.
Using the user ID can not only help you get better data because, in the previous
example, but you also have only one user instead of two. It can also help you
understand the relationship between the devices and convey the context and a
comprehensive view of your visitors and their behavior.
How to Implement User ID
To set your ID, you must first enable the feature in your Google Analytics account.
Once this is done, you need to implement it in your tracking code. You must also set
up a user ID view to view the data collected by the user ID in your Google Analytics
reports.

14. So, how do you configure it?
The user ID is at the property level. To find, click on “Admin”, “Account” and
“Property”. Select “Tracking information” and then “User ID”. Then you should have a
step-by-step guide that will allow you to configure your user ID correctly. Do not
worry; you can check every step after you set up your user ID.
After activation, the next step is implementation in your tracking code. Finally, create
a user ID view for your reports.
Thanks to the cookies associated with your username, you are guaranteed to
capture both the analysis of high-quality websites about your visitors and their
behavior on your website.
I have already told you about how to set up a Google Account Structure. you can go
through and check it.

15. Conclusion
I hope you have understood the concept of Google Analytics Cookies and how
Google Analytics uses cookies for tracking. If you have any doubt then feel free to
ask. If you found this post useful then please comment in the below section and
share with your friends also.