Evolution of Computers. Computer's History :)

1. Evolution of
Computer
A.P.Mohana Priyaa +

2. Used in Asia for a Long time
(2000-3000 BCE)
Also known as “SOROBAN” perform
addition and subtraction
Wooden rack holding two horizontal wires
with beads strung on them.
Rules memorized by the user
Regular arithmetic problems can be done
Abacus

3. NAPIER’S DEVICE
John Napier a Scottish Mathematician
Set of eleven animal bones later it was
replaced by rod
Number marked on them, they placed
side by side
Products and quotients of large
numbers could be obtained

4. SLIDE RULE
Invented in 17th century based on
the emerging work on logarithms by
John Napier
Perform all arithmetic &
trigonometric function
Final value can be straight away
read on scale

5. PASCAL’S CALCULATING MACHINE (PASCALINE)
Blaise Pascal a French mathematician
developed mechanical calculating machine
called Pascal’s calculating machine in 1642 CE
First real desktop calculating device that could
add and subtract.
Construct of set of toothed wheels or gears.
Each wheel having 0 through 9.
Arithmetic operation performed by turning
these wheels.
Concept still seen in conventional electric
meter and taxi meter

6. LEIBNITZ’S IMPROVED PASCAL MACHINE
Pascal machine perform only addition and
subtraction operation
Pascal machine was improved in 1673 CE
Introduced wheel could perform
multiplication, division and square root
operation.

7. PUNCHED CARD
Punched cards were first used around 1725
by Basile Bouchon and Jean-Baptiste Falcon
and greatly improved by Joseph Marie Jacquard
in 1801.
Control textile looms, invented punched
cards.
Cards with holes were used to make
attractive design on fiber
Presence and absence of punched hole
represented two states for raisers or lowers of
wrap thread

8. CHARLES BABBAGE’S ENGINES.
Charles Babbage (1792-1871) made
a machine called Difference Engine.
Evaluate accurate algebraic expression
and mathematical tasks up to 20
decimal places,
This machine is also called as
Babbage's difference engine,
Later adopted by insurances
companies for computing life tables.
Later modified the device as
Analytical Engine.

9. If had memory unit, operation
arithmetic operators.
Produced the output in punched
card format.
Parts and working principle of
Analytical Engine similar to today
computer.
Charles Babbage is called “Father
of Computer”

10. HOLLERITH’S MACHINE
Dr.Herman Hollerith of U.S.A, working
in U.S.A as census offices
Developed a card reading machine
and used punched cards for tabulating
and calculating data,
Data was being compiled and
analyzed.

11. MARK-I DIGITAL COMPUTER
All calculating machines are invented basically
mechanical machine.
First electro-mechanical computer developed by
Howard aiken.
Used Hollerith's punched cards and principle of
computer stated by Charles Babbage
Automatically perform a sequence of arithmetic
operators.
Huge mechanical calculator which occupied
several norms.
Inside several miles of electrical wires and
electro mechanical relays and mechanical counter
for arithmetic calculations

12. FIRST ELECTRONICS COMPUTER
(ABC) Atanasoff-Berry Computer
Dr. John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry
developed first electronic computer.
It is called as ABC.
Use vaccum tubes for storage , arithmetic
and logical function.
Special purpose used to solve
simultaneous equation.
It could perform 500 addition or 350
multiplication in one second.

13. Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator
(ENIAC)
Electronic computer,
Developed by Prof. Presper Eckert and John
Mauchly.
Produced in 1940 for U.S.army
It used 18000 V.T 70000 resistor 10000
capacitor and 60000 switches (27 tons)
Occupy 5000 s7 suet of space.
Perform 300 multiplication/second
Fastest machine.
ENIAC was considered a significant
development because the speed was first
experience with ENIAC.

14. Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computers
(EDVAC)
First electronic stored program
computer.
Electronics computers developed in
1949.
EDVAC different form ENIAC.
1.use of binary and electronic
arithmetic operators.
2.Internal storage of instructions were
written in digital forms.

15. Electronics Delay Storage AutomatiC
(EDSAC)
Developed by group of scientist headed by
prof.mauriee willies
Using EDSAC , addition operation was
accomplished in 1500 microseconds and
multiplication operator in 4000 micro
second

16. Manchester Mark 1
Small experimental computer.
 Performs operation based on stored
program.
Designed Manchester university by a
group of scientist headed by Prof. M.H.A
Newman.
Storage capacity of only 32words, each
of 31 binary digits.
Limited to stored data and instruction.

17. UNIVersal Automatic Computer I
(UNIVAC I)
Second commercial computer
produced in the United States.
Made by the inventors of the ENIAC.
UNIVAC –I is first computer used for
business in 1954
The machine was simply known as
"the UNIVAC“

18. MICROPROCESSOR
Microprocessor chip INTEL 4004 was
developed in 1969 by INTEL.
perform only few instruction and very
small amount of data.
1971 INTEL 8008 MP was developed.
Foundation for development of
personal computer(pc).

19. 19
SoC
 A System on a Chip or System on Chip (SoC) is an
integrated circuit (IC) that integrates all components of a
computer or other electronic system into a single chip
 Integrates almost all components into a single silicon
chip. Along with a CPU, an SoC usually contains a GPU,
memory, USB controller, power management circuits, and
wireless radios.
 Whereas a CPU cannot function without dozens of other
chips, it’s possible to build complete computers with just
a single SoC
◦ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_on_a_chip

20. PERSONAL COMPUTERS (PC)
First PC (with MP) developed in 1974.
In 1977 first successful micro
computer
(PC) developed by a young technician
named Steve Wozniak.
This was called the computer Apple-1

21. Created by the 1991 Apple–IBM–
Motorola alliance, known as AIM.
Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISC – Performance Computing
(POWER PC)

22. Pentium is a brand used for a series of
x86-compatible microprocessors
produced by Intel.
Pentium CPU based computers were
most commonly used Computers few
years ago
Pentium

23. Intel Core is a brand name that Intel
uses for various mid-range to high-end
consumer and business microprocessors.
In general, processors sold as Core are
more powerful variants of the same
processors marketed as entry-level
Celeron and Pentium
Core

24. All the best!