- Bone and joint problems like arthritis are common causes of pain, stiffness, and impaired mobility and can negatively impact daily life and the economy. However, they often do not receive adequate awareness or attention. - The most common types of musculoskeletal problems are osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and spinal disorders. They affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide, especially those over 60 years of age. - Lifestyle factors like exercise, diet, weight management, and early treatment can help prevent and manage joint problems. Recent medical advances have also improved treatments for arthritis.

6. Bone and Joint Decade 2000 AD to 2010 AD. Endorsed by WHO, United Nations, Vatican

22. Interesting facets of the Knee Evolution of the Knee

24. Bent knees in almost all animals

27. Knee joints

28. Three terrestrial animals with straight legs Bear Elephants have four knees Man

31. One of the activities in which the knee goes through the terminal degrees of extension is golf and single leg weight bearing stance

33. This lesion cannot be seen on a normal lying AP X- ray Lying x rays ‘LIE’. Needs weight bearing AP x rays Or MRI for cartilage study Or an arthroscopy If detected early it is amenable to cartilage surgery

36. Patient with bilateral Unicondylar knee replacements climbing stairs 48 hrs after surgery.

37. Knee deformities like Bow legs can lead to arthritis High tibial osteotomy

38. Deformity of knee arthritis corrected by total knee replacement

42. Walking, swimming and cycling are good exercises for the knee

46. 155 degree bending achieved on the operating table after a high flexion knee replacement

48. THANK YOU FOR YOUR PATIENT HEARING