1. Final Year Project
Mechanical Engineering Department
UET Taxila

2. ADVISOR
Dr. Ali Rizwan
Associate Professor
MED UET TAXILA
GROUP MEMBERS:
Gulfam ul Rehman 08-ME-54
Ali Fahad 08-ME-95
M. Azeem 08-ME-98

3. Energy Crisis and Pakistan

4. Energy Crisis and Pakistan
 Energy is considered to be life line of any economy
 Energy is pivotal in running machinery in factories and
industrial units
 In Pakistan During 2009-10, Energy supply witnessed a
decline of 0.64 %.
 Pakistan needs around 15,000 to 20000 MW electricity
per day and there is a shortfall of about 4000 to 9000 MW
per day

5. Energy Crisis and Pakistan
Resources of Energy
Petroleum products
• In 2009-11, consumption of petroleum products was 35% of
total share of energy.
Natural Gas
• Average production of natural gas is 4,048.76 million cubic
feet per day and there is an increase of 1.56 percent.
Coal
• Coal is primarily being used in brick kiln and cement
industries
• Approximately 67 percent coal is imported because
indigenous coal is not considered of good quality.

6. PAKISTAN “A DUMPING GROUND”

7. PAKISTAN “A DUMPING GROUND”
• There is no proper waste collection system.
• Waste is dumped on the streets.
• There are no controlled sanitary landfill sites.
• Citizens are not aware of the relationship between ways of
disposing off waste and the resulting environmental and
public health problems.
Effects of Waste
• Health Hazards
• Ground water pollution
• Air pollution

9. Typical Composition of Solid Waste in Pakistani Cities (%)

12. What is RDF?
Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) is a fuel produced by shredding and
dehydrating Solid waste (MSW) with a Waste Converter
technology.
Why RDF?
RDF fuel pellets ranges from 75% to 85% of Coal used for
electric power generation.
The emissions of RDF are less harmful than Coal.
Coal contains approx. 70% carbon while RDF contains 52%
carbon.
Sulphur contents of RDF are lower than Coal.
RDF typically produces 1 kWh for 15460 Btu (2.6 pounds of
RDF).

13. PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

15. PRODUCTION OF REFUSE DERIVED FUELS
RDF can be produced by processing:
 MSW (Municipal Solid Waste)
 Industrial Waste
End Markets of RDF
RDF can be used:
 To produce electricity
 Alongside coal in Power Plants
 In Cement Kiln Industry

17. Components of RDF Plant

18. Primary Shredder

19. Primary Shredder
Design of Shredder
Motor
Frame
• Power = 3hp
• Material = Mild steel
• Rpm = 1400
• Grade = Astm 36
• Volts = 440
Belt
Shaft
• Type = v-belt (B Type)
• No. of shaft = 1
• No. of belts = 2
• Material = mild steel
• Length = 1524 mm
• Length = 609.6 mm
• Grove angle = 40
• Dia = 40mm
• Rpm = 560

20. Pulley
• No. of pulleys = 2
• Material = Cast Iron Bearing
• Type = B • No of bearings = 2
• Dia of larger pulley = 254 mm • Type = ucp 208
• RPM of larger pulley = 560 • Company = NTN
• Dia of smaller pulley = 101.6 mm
• RPM of smaller pulley = 1400
Blade
• No. of blades = 8
• Material = Tool steel

21. Pro-E Modeling of Shredder
Components
HOPPER BODY STRIP
BLADE SHAFT WITH BLADES

22. Pro-E Modeling of Shredder
Components
PULLEY ANGLE BEARING
ASSEMBLED MODEL