2. Overview
Introduction
History of Open Source Software
Open Source in Today’s World
Benefits of open Source
Examples of open-source software
The GNU Project and Linux
Influence of Open-Source Software
Legal & Other Risk Associated
Critique of the Open-Source Movement
3. Introduction
Internet Growth during the past few years has been
profoundly affected the way software is licensed and
distributed. One of the most important changes that has
occurred during this period is emergence of so-called
open source licensing.
Open Source refers to a software program or set of
software technologies which are widely available by an
individual or group in form of
Code form for use
Modification
Redistribution
Under a license agreement having few restrictions
4. History
Formation of the Software Foundation (FSF) in 1983
FSF released a series of programs in source code from
under “GNU”
GNU also set stage for even more free software
development projects in 1990s
The license agreement that accompanied the GNU
software – known as the General Public License (“GPL)
of “copyleft” license
In 1998, a group associated with free software
introduced the term “open source”
5. Open Source Software in Today’s World
No restrictions preventing others from selling and giving
away the software
Source code must included in the distribution
No restriction preventing people from modifying the
source code
No Restriction regarding how people can use the
software
Same rights apply to everyone receiving redistributions
of the software (copyleft)
6. Benefits of Open-Source Software
Gives opportunity to improve
Rapid evolution of open-source software as a
result new versions of programs appears more
frequently
Eliminates tension between obeying copyright
law and helping others
Open-Source programs are property of the
entire user community.
7. Continue….
Shifts focus from manufacturing to service which
can result customers getting better support for
their software.
Access to Source Code
Cost
8. Example of Open-Source Software
Apache
BIND
PERL, Python, Ruby
FireFox
GNU compilers from C, C++, Object-C, Fortran,
Java, Ada
Open Source Frameworks Sturts, Spring,
Hibernate, Apache POI, FOP, iText
9. Success Story: GNU Project and Linux
GNU and Linux are important success stories
Richard Stallman begun the GNU Project in 1984
Goal: To Develop a complete Unix-like operating
system consisting entirely of open-source software.
Most components developed in late 1980s
Linux
In 1991 Linus Torvalds wrote Unix-like kernel
Torvalds combined kernel with GNU components to
make an operating system called linux
10. Influence of Open-Source Software
As a reliable open-source alternative to Unix,
Linux is putting pressure on companies selling
proprietary versions of Unix.
Linux is also putting pressure on Microsoft and
Apple, which sell proprietary operating systems
for desktop systems.
11. Legal & Other Risk Associated
Potential liability for intellectual property
infringement.
Open Source create opportunities for
contributors therefore, it introduce infringing
code and makes it almost impossible to audit the
entire code base
Typical license form doesn’t include any
intellectual property representation, warranties
or indemnities in favor of the licensee.
12. Continue….
Open source licenses also do not contain the
kind of representations and warranties of quality
or fitness for a particular purpose
Some open source requires licensees to provide
free copies of their derivative works in source
code form for other to use, modify and
redistribute.
13. Critique of the Open-Source Movement
Open-source project doesn’t attract a critical
mass of developers, as a result quality can be
poor
Without an ownership, incompatible version may
arise
Open-source software as a whole trends to have
a relatively weak graphical user interface
Poor mechanism for stimulating innovation.
14. Conclusion
Open-Source offers opportunities and
disadvantages
Opportunities
Vast pool of software talent with access to
The ability to improve upon
Open Source Software
The ability to access and utilize software
Disadvantages
Risk of Utilizing software
No warranties
Quality may not be up to the mark
15. Reference
Ethics for the information age 3rd Edition by
Michael J Quinn
http://www.abanet.org/intelprop/opensource.html
http://www.fee.org/PUBLICATIONS/THE-FREEMAN/
http://opensource.mit.edu/papers/vaden.pdf
http://www.opensource.org/