4. A
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2009
146
Human movement: snapshots and trends
Stock of
immigrants
(000)
1960 1990 2005 2010a 1960–2005 1960 2005 2005 2000–2002 2000–2002 1990–2005 1990–20051960
Immigration Emigration
Lifetime internal
migrationb
International migration Internal migration
Share of
population
(%)
Annual rate
of growth
(%)
Proportion
female
(%)
Emigration
rate
(%)
International
movement
rate
(%)
Total
migrants
(000)
Migration
rate
(%)
178 Mali 167.6 165.3 165.4 162.7 0.0 3.3 1.4 50.0 47.8 12.5 12.9 .. ..
179 Central African Republic 43.1 62.7 75.6 80.5 1.2 2.9 1.8 49.6 46.6 2.7 4.2 .. ..
180 Sierra Leone 45.9 154.5 152.1 106.8 2.7 2.0 3.0 35.6 45.7 2.0 3.0 600g
19.0 g
181 Afghanistan 46.5 57.7 86.5 90.9 1.4 0.5 0.4 43.6 43.6 10.6 10.8 .. ..
182 Niger 55.0 135.7 183.0 202.2 2.7 1.7 1.4 50.0 53.6 4.0 5.0 .. ..
OTHER UN MEMBER STATES
Iraq 87.8 83.6 128.1 83.4 0.8 1.2 0.5 40.9 31.1 4.1 4.6 .. ..
Kiribati 0.6 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.6 1.8 2.2 38.2 48.8 4.0 6.7 .. ..
Korea (Democratic People’s Rep. of) 25.1 34.1 36.8 37.1 0.9 0.2 0.2 47.3 52.0 2.0 2.2 .. ..
Marshall Islands 0.8 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.5 5.8 2.9 41.0 41.0 17.7 20.1 .. ..
Micronesia (Federated States of) 5.8 3.7 2.9 2.7 -1.6 13.1 2.6 40.9 46.4 18.6 21.0 1g
1.2 g
Monaco 15.4 20.1 22.6 23.6 0.9 69.5 69.8 57.5 51.3 39.3 82.6 .. ..
Nauru 0.4 3.9 4.9 5.3 5.5 9.3 48.7 5.1 45.0 9.3 50.4 .. ..
Palau 0.3 2.9 6.0 5.8 6.5 3.3 30.0 34.9 40.2 39.3 58.7 .. ..
San Marino 7.5 8.7 11.4 11.7 0.9 48.9 37.7 53.5 53.5 18.1 45.0 .. ..
Somalia 11.4 633.1 21.3 22.8 1.4 0.4 0.3 41.9 46.5 6.5 6.7 .. ..
Tuvalu 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 -1.6 6.1 1.9 42.2 45.4 15.4 18.2 .. ..
Zimbabwe 387.2 627.1 391.3 372.3 0.0 10.3 3.1 24.1 37.8 2.3 7.4 .. ..
Africa 9,175.9T
15,957.6 T
17,678.6 T
19,191.4 T
1.7 3.2 1.9 43.1 47.8 2.9 .. .. ..
Asia 28,494.9T
50,875.7 T
55,128.5 T
61,324.0 T
0.7 1.7 1.4 46.6 47.1 1.7 .. .. ..
Europe 17,511.7T
49,360.5 T
64,330.1 T
69,744.5 T
2.9 3.0 8.8 49.0 52.9 7.3 .. .. ..
Latin America and the Caribbean 6,151.4T
7,130.3 T
6,869.4 T
7,480.3 T
0.2 2.8 1.2 44.6 48.4 5.0 .. .. ..
Northern America 13,603.5T
27,773.9 T
45,597.1 T
50,042.4 T
2.8 6.7 13.6 50.8 50.3 1.1 .. .. ..
Oceania 2,142.6T
4,365.0 T
5,516.3 T
6,014.7 T
1.7 13.5 16.4 44.3 48.2 4.9 .. .. ..
OECD 31,574.9T
61,824.3 T
97,622.8 T
108,513.7 T
2.6 4.1 8.4 48.7 51.1 3.9 .. .. ..
European Union (EU27) 13,555.3T
26,660.0 T
41,596.8 T
46,911.3 T
2.8 3.5 8.5 49.1 51.4 5.7 .. .. ..
GCC 241.0T
8,625.2 T
12,726.6 T
15,126.6 T
10.2 4.9 37.1 33.5 29.1 3.2 .. .. ..
Very high human development 31,114.9T
66,994.9 T
107,625.9 T
120,395.2 T
3.1 4.6 11.1 48.6 50.9 3.4 .. .. ..
Very high HD: OECD 27,461.0T
58,456.2 T
94,401.4 T
105,050.9 T
3.1 4.1 10.0 48.6 50.9 3.2 .. .. ..
Very high HD: non-OECD 3,653.8T
8,538.7 T
13,224.6 T
15,344.3 T
4.7 41.5 46.5 47.4 50.3 11.6 .. .. ..
High human development 13,495.1T
34,670.2 T
38,078.0 T
40,383.6 T
1.1 2.8 3.8 47.2 50.5 6.0 .. .. ..
Medium human development 28,204.2T
44,870.0 T
40,948.6 T
44,206.5 T
0.6 1.7 0.8 46.1 46.8 1.9 .. .. ..
Low human development 4,265.7T
8,928.0 T
8,467.5 T
8,812.0 T
1.6 3.9 2.3 45.0 48.9 3.9 .. .. ..
World (excluding the former Soviet 74,078.1T
125,389.2 T
168,780.5 T
187,815.1 T
1.1 2.7 2.7 46.8 47.8 2.4 .. .. ..
Union and Czechoslovakia)
World 77,114.7Ti
155,518.1 Ti
195,245.4 Ti
213,943.8 Ti
1.1 2.6 i 3.0 i 47.0 i 49.2 i 3.0 i .. .. ..
NOTES
a 2010 projections are based on long-run tendencies
and may not accurately predict the effect of
unexpected short-term fluctuations such as the 2009
economic crisis. See UN (2009d) for further details.
b Due to differences in definition of the underlying data,
cross country comparisons should be made with
caution. Data are from different censuses and surveys
and refer to different time periods and so are not
strictly comparable.
c Data are estimates based on censuses from Bell and
Muhidin (2009). Internal migrants are expressed as a
percentage of the total population.
d Estimates for 1960 for Germany refer to the former
Federal Republic of Germany and the former German
Democratic Republic.
SOURCES
Columns 1–4 and 6–9: UN (2009d).
Column 5: calculated based on data from UN (2009d).
Column 10: calculated based on data from Migration
DRC 2007 and population data from UN (2009e).
Column 11: calculated based on data from Migration
DRC (2007).
Column 12–13: various (as indicated).
e Estimates for 1960 for the Czech Republic, the
Russian Federation and Serbia refer to the former
states of Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union and
Yugoslavia respectively.
f Data are estimates based on censuses from ECLAC
(2007). Internal migrants are expressed as a
percentage of the total population.
g Data are estimates based on household surveys
from the World Bank (2009e). Internal migrants
are expressed as a percentage of the working age
population only.
h Data for Montenegro are included with those for
Serbia.
i Data are aggregates from original data source.
HDI rank