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• Introduction to agile principles
• Scrum framework overview
• Further (and related) topics
- Managing the              - A Spiral Model of             - Dynamic Systems              - XP was gained




                                                            1990s
1970s




                            1980s




                                                                                           2000s
        Development of              Software                        Development                    “momentum”.
        Large Software              Development and                 Methodology                    - Adaptive Software
        Systems by Dr.              Enhancement by                  (DSDM).                        Development by Jim
        Winston W. Royce.           Barry Boehm.                    - Crystal                      Highsmith.
        - Evolutionary              - The Mythical Man              Methodologies by               - Agile Manifesto.
        processes process           Month by Fred                   Alistair Cockburn.
        introduced by Tom           Brooks.                                                        - Agile methodologies
                                                                    - First toughts and            and practicies
        Gilb.                       - PeopleWare by                 testing on Scrum for           growing significantly
                                    DeMarco and Lister.             SW projects by Jeff            in the market.
                                    - Scrum roots on the            S. And Ken S.
                                    NNPDG article by                - Origins of Extreme
                                    Takeuchi and                    Programming (XP)
                                    Nonaka.                         from Kent Beck.
                                    - RUP Objectory v1.0            - Feature Driven
                                    - Capability Maturity           Development by
                                    Model (CMM) and                 Peter Coad and Jeff
                                    Managing the                    De Luca.
                                    Software Process
                                    book by Watts
                                    Humphrey's.
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
Responding to change over following a plan

That is, while there is value in the items on the right,
we value the items on the left more.
reference: http://agilemanifesto.org
Welcome changing              Deliver working
   Our highest priority is to     requirements, even late in   software frequently,          Business people and
     satisfy the customer            development. Agile                   from a               developers must
through early and continuous    processes harness change
        delivery                                               couple of weeks to a couple           work
                                             for                    of months, with a        together daily throughout
 of valuable software            the customer's competitive     preference to the shorter              the project
                                         advantage                      timescale

   Build projects around           The most efficient and                                      Agile processes promote
motivated individuals.               effective method of                                           sustainable
Give them the environment       conveying information to and    Working software is               development.
 and support they need,             within a development       the primary measure            The sponsors, developers,
and trust them to get the         team is face-to-face              of progress               and users should be able
                                     conversation                                            to maintain a constant pace
        job done                                                                                     indefinitely


 Continuous attention to                                       The best architectures,
      technical                  Simplicity--the art of          requirements, and
                                                                                             At regular intervals, the team
                                                                                                      reflects on how
                                 maximizing the amount                designs
     excellence                   of work not done--is
                                                                                               to become more effective,
  and good design                                                emerge from self-           then tunes and adjusts
     enhances agility
                                       essential                organizing teams                 its behavior accordingly

                                                                                                   reference: http://agilemanifesto.org
Far from
agreement




                                                                                       Here’s where
       Requirements
                                                                                       Scrum Excels




  Close to
agreement
                      Close to             Technology                      Far from
                      certainty                                            certainty

                                  reference: adapted from schwaber, 2003
I know all details about                                                End with all
where I should go (start                                                requirements   Plan-Driven
with plan and all                                                       completed
requirements)
                           Inspect and adapt


I know what is the
                                                                        End with       Vision and $$
product/project vision                                                                 Value-Driven
                                                                        Goals met
(start with goals and
some priority
requirements)

                               reference: adapted from schwaber, 2003
Traditional                             Agile
Fixed                  Requirements              Resources               Schedule



                                                               Value/Vision
                                                                  Driven
                            Plan-Driven



Variable   Resources                      Schedule           Requirements

                                                                      reference: sliger & broderick, 2008
“THE PERSON WHO KNEW THAT
HER SON/DAUGHTER COULD
HAVE MARRIED BETTER, AND
WHO INTENDS TO HELP YOU BE
GOOD ENOUGH. YOU HAVE
JUST INVITED HER TO COME
LIVE WITH YOU”
– KEN SCHWABER
• Co-created by Jeff Sutherland and
  Ken Schwaber
• Inspirations comes from Japanese
  manufacturing (and the HBR article
  “The New New Product Development
  Game“ from Hirotaka Takeuchi and
  Ikujiro Nonaka, published in 1986)   Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland
                                                       - Scrum Fathers
• Grounded in empirical process control theory, employs
  an iterative, incremental approach to optmize
  predictability and control risk
• Is about
   – Transparency
   – Inspection
   – Adaptation
•   Scrum teams and associated roles
•   Time-boxes
•   Artifacts
•   Rules
• Product Owner
• ScrumMaster
• Scrum Team      Manager                                   Stakeholders...

                                 ScrumMaster




                             Product Owner
                                               Scrum Team

                                                              User
                  Customer
•   Define the features of the product
•   Decide on release dates and contents
•   Responsible for the profitability (ROI)
•   Prioritize features according to market value
•   Adjust priorities at every Sprint, as needed
•   Accept or reject work results
•   Is one person, not a committee                      “ROI = $$ and I like that!
                                                    Nice to meet you, Im the PO”
• Ensures that the team is fully functional and productive
• Enable close cooperation across all roles
  and functions
• Remove barriers
• Shield the team from external interferences
• Ensure that the process is followed
• Review and Sprint Planning meetings                        “The sheepdog for the team”
• Cross functional. Organizes itself and its work
• Team members must have all necessary skills to
  create an increment of work
• Everyone chips in, even if that requires learning
  new skills or remembering old ones
• 5 - 9 team members
• Has the right to do everything within the
  boundaries of the project guidelines to reach the
  Sprint goal                                         Multi-skill ninja team


• Demonstrates work results to the Product Owner
•   Release Planning Meeting
•   Sprint
•   Sprint Planning Meeting
•   Daily Scrum
•   Sprint Review
•   Sprint Retrospective
1   Release Planning
                                                                                 Meeting
                                                                             2   Sprint planning
                                                                                 meeting 1
                                                                             3   Sprint planning
                                                              5                  meeting 2
                                                                             4   The Sprint
                                Selected                                     5   Daily Scrum
                             Product Backlog                                 6   Sprint Review
                                                                             7   Sprint Retrospective

                                                             4
       Vision
 Anticipated ROI,
Releases, Milestones     1                                                                  New functionality
                                      2        3                                             is demonstrated
                                                                                              at the enf of
                                                                                                  Sprint




                    Functional and
                nonfunctional emerging              Requirements
             and prioritized requirements brake down into activities/tasks
• Establish a plan and goals that the Scrum Teams and
  the rest of the organizations can understand and
  communicate
• Release planning requires estimating and
  prioritizing the Product Backlog for the Release
• Release planning is not a commitment to precise
  details
• Release planning is entirely optional. If Scrum          Setting the vision and the strategic
  teams start work without the meeting, the absence                                        plan


  of its artifacts will become apparent as an impediment
  that needs to be resolved
• A Sprint is an iteration
• Time-boxed
• All work is done in Sprints
• Consisted by the Sprint Planning,
  development work, Sprint Review and the
  Sprint Retrospective
• Sprints can be cancelled before the Sprint
  time box is over. Only the Product Owner has
  the authority to cancel the Sprint
                                                 It’s time to run!
• Is where the Sprint is planned
• Splited in two moments:
   – The PO with the ScrumTeam support selects
      the Product Backlog items that will compose
      the Sprint Backlog (needs to consider team
      velocity, etc. during this selection)
   – With the Sprint Backlog defined, the team
      works together to came up with a plan to the   Operational plan being defined
      Sprint that is beginning
   – Meeting output: Sprint Backlog
• The Scrum heartbeat
• 15 minutes
• 3 questions
   – What did you do yesterday?
   – What will you do today?
   – Are there any impediments in your way?
• The Daily Scrum is not a status meeting
• The Daily Scrum is an inspection of the progress             “Look, our burndown is about to screw up,
                                                           we need to attack more harder to change that”

  toward the Sprint Goal that the team was committed for
• The team presents to the PO and stakeholders
  functionality that is done and answer
  questions.
• The Product Owner identifies what has
  been done and what hasn’t been done
• The Team discusses what went well during
  the Sprint and what problems it ran into, and
  how it solved these problems
                                                           “Let me show you that story operating”
• The entire group then collaborates about what it
  has seen and what this means regarding what to do next
• Time to review the good and the bads
• Inspect how the last Sprint went in regards to
  people, relationships, process and tools
• The meeting is from the team to the team
• PO attendance is not obrigatory
• ScrumMaster hold this meeting
• Team identify the actions to adapt and improve
  the ongoing process                              “Definetely we need more automation in our
                                                       tests, we are wasting a lot of time doing
                                                                        manual qualification...”
•   Product Backlog
•   Sprint Backlog
•   Release Burndown
•   Sprint Burndow
• The PO “wish list”
• Items prioritized by the
  business importance/value
• The PO is the owner
• As long as a product exists,
  the Product Backlog also exists
                                    img source: http://epf.eclipse.org/wikis/scrum/
user
                           stories
                  Sprint


                                     themes
        Release                                       Priority




Next Release                                  epics
• Details the work, or tasks, that
  the team defines to turning the
  Product Backlog it selected for
  that Sprint into an increment of
  potentially shippable product
  functionality                      img source: http://epf.eclipse.org/wikis/scrum/
• Shows the Release progress
• How much selected Product
  Backlog was “burned”
• Updated at the end of each Sprint
• Normally the unit measure is Story
  Points (not a rule) against Sprints
                                        img source: http://epf.eclipse.org/wikis/scrum/
• Shows the Sprint progress
• How much the team already
  “burned” in that Sprint
• Primary tool for the Daily Scrum
  meetings (with task boards or
  Sprint activities list)
• Normally the unit measure is       img source: http://epf.eclipse.org/wikis/scrum/




  Hours against time (daily basis)
• Scrum requires teams to build an increment of
  product functionality every Sprint
• This increment must be potentially shippable, for
  Product Owner may choose to immediately
  implement the functionality
• The detailed definition of Done should be agreed
  between the ScrumTeam and the PO
•   Plannig Poker
•   User Stories and Story Points
•   Technical Debt
•   Team Velocity
•   Complex Adaptive Systems
•   Lean manufacturing
•   Constraints Theory
•   Kanban
• www.scrum.org           • Books
• www.scrumalliance.org
About scrum

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About scrum

  • 1.
  • 2. • Introduction to agile principles • Scrum framework overview • Further (and related) topics
  • 3.
  • 4. - Managing the - A Spiral Model of - Dynamic Systems - XP was gained 1990s 1970s 1980s 2000s Development of Software Development “momentum”. Large Software Development and Methodology - Adaptive Software Systems by Dr. Enhancement by (DSDM). Development by Jim Winston W. Royce. Barry Boehm. - Crystal Highsmith. - Evolutionary - The Mythical Man Methodologies by - Agile Manifesto. processes process Month by Fred Alistair Cockburn. introduced by Tom Brooks. - Agile methodologies - First toughts and and practicies Gilb. - PeopleWare by testing on Scrum for growing significantly DeMarco and Lister. SW projects by Jeff in the market. - Scrum roots on the S. And Ken S. NNPDG article by - Origins of Extreme Takeuchi and Programming (XP) Nonaka. from Kent Beck. - RUP Objectory v1.0 - Feature Driven - Capability Maturity Development by Model (CMM) and Peter Coad and Jeff Managing the De Luca. Software Process book by Watts Humphrey's.
  • 5. Individuals and interactions over processes and tools Working software over comprehensive documentation Customer collaboration over contract negotiation Responding to change over following a plan That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more. reference: http://agilemanifesto.org
  • 6. Welcome changing Deliver working Our highest priority is to requirements, even late in software frequently, Business people and satisfy the customer development. Agile from a developers must through early and continuous processes harness change delivery couple of weeks to a couple work for of months, with a together daily throughout of valuable software the customer's competitive preference to the shorter the project advantage timescale Build projects around The most efficient and Agile processes promote motivated individuals. effective method of sustainable Give them the environment conveying information to and Working software is development. and support they need, within a development the primary measure The sponsors, developers, and trust them to get the team is face-to-face of progress and users should be able conversation to maintain a constant pace job done indefinitely Continuous attention to The best architectures, technical Simplicity--the art of requirements, and At regular intervals, the team reflects on how maximizing the amount designs excellence of work not done--is to become more effective, and good design emerge from self- then tunes and adjusts enhances agility essential organizing teams its behavior accordingly reference: http://agilemanifesto.org
  • 7. Far from agreement Here’s where Requirements Scrum Excels Close to agreement Close to Technology Far from certainty certainty reference: adapted from schwaber, 2003
  • 8. I know all details about End with all where I should go (start requirements Plan-Driven with plan and all completed requirements) Inspect and adapt I know what is the End with Vision and $$ product/project vision Value-Driven Goals met (start with goals and some priority requirements) reference: adapted from schwaber, 2003
  • 9. Traditional Agile Fixed Requirements Resources Schedule Value/Vision Driven Plan-Driven Variable Resources Schedule Requirements reference: sliger & broderick, 2008
  • 10.
  • 11. “THE PERSON WHO KNEW THAT HER SON/DAUGHTER COULD HAVE MARRIED BETTER, AND WHO INTENDS TO HELP YOU BE GOOD ENOUGH. YOU HAVE JUST INVITED HER TO COME LIVE WITH YOU” – KEN SCHWABER
  • 12. • Co-created by Jeff Sutherland and Ken Schwaber • Inspirations comes from Japanese manufacturing (and the HBR article “The New New Product Development Game“ from Hirotaka Takeuchi and Ikujiro Nonaka, published in 1986) Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland - Scrum Fathers
  • 13. • Grounded in empirical process control theory, employs an iterative, incremental approach to optmize predictability and control risk • Is about – Transparency – Inspection – Adaptation
  • 14. Scrum teams and associated roles • Time-boxes • Artifacts • Rules
  • 15. • Product Owner • ScrumMaster • Scrum Team Manager Stakeholders... ScrumMaster Product Owner Scrum Team User Customer
  • 16.
  • 17. Define the features of the product • Decide on release dates and contents • Responsible for the profitability (ROI) • Prioritize features according to market value • Adjust priorities at every Sprint, as needed • Accept or reject work results • Is one person, not a committee “ROI = $$ and I like that! Nice to meet you, Im the PO”
  • 18.
  • 19. • Ensures that the team is fully functional and productive • Enable close cooperation across all roles and functions • Remove barriers • Shield the team from external interferences • Ensure that the process is followed • Review and Sprint Planning meetings “The sheepdog for the team”
  • 20. • Cross functional. Organizes itself and its work • Team members must have all necessary skills to create an increment of work • Everyone chips in, even if that requires learning new skills or remembering old ones • 5 - 9 team members • Has the right to do everything within the boundaries of the project guidelines to reach the Sprint goal Multi-skill ninja team • Demonstrates work results to the Product Owner
  • 21. Release Planning Meeting • Sprint • Sprint Planning Meeting • Daily Scrum • Sprint Review • Sprint Retrospective
  • 22. 1 Release Planning Meeting 2 Sprint planning meeting 1 3 Sprint planning 5 meeting 2 4 The Sprint Selected 5 Daily Scrum Product Backlog 6 Sprint Review 7 Sprint Retrospective 4 Vision Anticipated ROI, Releases, Milestones 1 New functionality 2 3 is demonstrated at the enf of Sprint Functional and nonfunctional emerging Requirements and prioritized requirements brake down into activities/tasks
  • 23. • Establish a plan and goals that the Scrum Teams and the rest of the organizations can understand and communicate • Release planning requires estimating and prioritizing the Product Backlog for the Release • Release planning is not a commitment to precise details • Release planning is entirely optional. If Scrum Setting the vision and the strategic teams start work without the meeting, the absence plan of its artifacts will become apparent as an impediment that needs to be resolved
  • 24. • A Sprint is an iteration • Time-boxed • All work is done in Sprints • Consisted by the Sprint Planning, development work, Sprint Review and the Sprint Retrospective • Sprints can be cancelled before the Sprint time box is over. Only the Product Owner has the authority to cancel the Sprint It’s time to run!
  • 25. • Is where the Sprint is planned • Splited in two moments: – The PO with the ScrumTeam support selects the Product Backlog items that will compose the Sprint Backlog (needs to consider team velocity, etc. during this selection) – With the Sprint Backlog defined, the team works together to came up with a plan to the Operational plan being defined Sprint that is beginning – Meeting output: Sprint Backlog
  • 26. • The Scrum heartbeat • 15 minutes • 3 questions – What did you do yesterday? – What will you do today? – Are there any impediments in your way? • The Daily Scrum is not a status meeting • The Daily Scrum is an inspection of the progress “Look, our burndown is about to screw up, we need to attack more harder to change that” toward the Sprint Goal that the team was committed for
  • 27. • The team presents to the PO and stakeholders functionality that is done and answer questions. • The Product Owner identifies what has been done and what hasn’t been done • The Team discusses what went well during the Sprint and what problems it ran into, and how it solved these problems “Let me show you that story operating” • The entire group then collaborates about what it has seen and what this means regarding what to do next
  • 28. • Time to review the good and the bads • Inspect how the last Sprint went in regards to people, relationships, process and tools • The meeting is from the team to the team • PO attendance is not obrigatory • ScrumMaster hold this meeting • Team identify the actions to adapt and improve the ongoing process “Definetely we need more automation in our tests, we are wasting a lot of time doing manual qualification...”
  • 29. Product Backlog • Sprint Backlog • Release Burndown • Sprint Burndow
  • 30. • The PO “wish list” • Items prioritized by the business importance/value • The PO is the owner • As long as a product exists, the Product Backlog also exists img source: http://epf.eclipse.org/wikis/scrum/
  • 31. user stories Sprint themes Release Priority Next Release epics
  • 32. • Details the work, or tasks, that the team defines to turning the Product Backlog it selected for that Sprint into an increment of potentially shippable product functionality img source: http://epf.eclipse.org/wikis/scrum/
  • 33. • Shows the Release progress • How much selected Product Backlog was “burned” • Updated at the end of each Sprint • Normally the unit measure is Story Points (not a rule) against Sprints img source: http://epf.eclipse.org/wikis/scrum/
  • 34. • Shows the Sprint progress • How much the team already “burned” in that Sprint • Primary tool for the Daily Scrum meetings (with task boards or Sprint activities list) • Normally the unit measure is img source: http://epf.eclipse.org/wikis/scrum/ Hours against time (daily basis)
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37. • Scrum requires teams to build an increment of product functionality every Sprint • This increment must be potentially shippable, for Product Owner may choose to immediately implement the functionality • The detailed definition of Done should be agreed between the ScrumTeam and the PO
  • 38. Plannig Poker • User Stories and Story Points • Technical Debt • Team Velocity • Complex Adaptive Systems • Lean manufacturing • Constraints Theory • Kanban
  • 39. • www.scrum.org • Books • www.scrumalliance.org