2.
Its main pedagogical purpose of translation, it is for
learning and teaching a foreign language.
It was the most common form of speech production
in a classroom because the mother tongue was
generally spoken in it.
In the latter half of nineteenth century, members of
the Reform Movement took a decided stance
against the dominating role of translation. This
theorist emphazised that translation interfers with the
natural process of learning a foreign language.
3. Arguments for translation
Translation
was seen as a special fifth skill, to be
used only after learners had acquired a superior
knowledge of the foreing language.
Translation
is a key feature in the so-called
grammar-translation method.
The
link between grammar and translation meant
that grammatical rules were learnt through their
application in the translation of mostly
disconected, artificially constructed sentences.
4. Advantages of translation:
Helps
in the development of proficiency by
economically and unambiguously explaining the
meaning of foreingn language items.
In
exploiting their knowledge of a language they
are
already
familiar
with
translation
activities, learners increase their confidence and
motivation to learn a foreign language.
Translation
promotes explicit knowledge about the
foreing language and helps develop awereness of
differences and similarities between the native
and the foreing language systems.
5. Language
awareness enhanced by translation has
also broader educational benefits since it promotes
cross-cultural understanding.
Translation
activities can be used to develop
communicative competence in a foreing language
Communicative
translation activities can involve
the production of original source text.
7. Translation as intercultural
communication
The
nature of intercultural communication
differs in overt and covert translation.
In
a covert translation, a cultural filter is
applied in order to adpt the source text to
the communicative norms of the target
language.
In
overt translation,intercultural transfer is
explicititly present and so likely to be
perceived by recipients.
8. Translation as intercultural
communication
The received view of translation today is that it
is first and foremost a process of intercultural
change, rather than a kind of cross-linguistic
substitution.
Many translators now see themselves as
interculturally active and socially and
potically committed communicators.
They are given the responsibilities for
revealing, not concealing, sociocultural and
political diferences and inequalities.
9. The nature of the translation process
There are two methods to look out into
the translator’s mind:
Thinking
aloud or introspection, this is to ask
translators what they are thinking while they are
translating, its result is an internal monologue.
Verbal
reports or retrospection, to ask translators
about dificulties, reasons for hesitations and
delay, a particular word, so on.
10. Corpus studies in translation
The use of corpora as a tool for translators is
becoming one of the fastest-growing and most
promising areas of empirical translation work.
A corpus is a collection of texts, selected and
compied according to especific criteria.
The use of corpus methods allows us to focus on
language as it is actually used iin translations and
so enables us to determinate what is probable
and typical in translation as a text type.
Allows us to focus on a combination of
lexical, syntactic and discoursal features while
comparing large numbers od translations into
different languages by different translators.
11. Translation and globalization
The demand for globalization is the cause of
a continuous growth in translation, particulary
in the world market for software and the
development of the World Wide Web.
