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Inventory
Goods which have been purchased or manufactured and are yet to be
consumed and sold are termed as inventories. As per AS-2 inventory/stock
is an assets which:
(i) Has been kept for sale during course of the general business, or
(ii) Is in manufacturing process for sale, or
(iii)To be consumed for manufacturing of product or service for the purpose
     of sale.
                                     1.   Stock of finished goods
                                     2.   Stock of work-in-progress
               Inventory includes:   3.   Stock of raw materials
                                     4.   Stores & spare parts
                                     5.   Loose tools
                                     6.   Waste or by-product
                                     America- “Inventory”
                                     England- “Stock”
Needs of Inventory Valuation
 Determination of Income
 Determination of financial position
 Determination of policies
 Business sale
 Buying a business
 Collateral for tenders



                                        1. Periodic System
SYSTEMS OF STOCK TAKING:
                                        2. Perpetual System
Methods of Inventory
        Valuation
First in First Out (FIFO)
Last in First Out (LIFO)
Highest in First Out (HIFO)
Next in First Out (NIFO)
Average Cost Method
Specific Identification Cost Method
Base Stock Cost Method
FIFO Method
Que: The following information is available for the month of January 2003, of a
trading concern:

Jan 1      Inventory               200 units @ Rs 70                 14000
Jan 5      Sales                   100 units
Jan 10     Purchases               550 units @ Rs 80                 44000
Jan 15     Sales                   400 units
Jan 20     Purchases               150 units @ Rs 90                 13500
Jan 25     Sales                    300 units
Jan 30     Purchases                100 units @ Rs 100                10000
LIFO Method
From the following particulars, calculate the value of inventory on Jan 31, 2003, by Last
In-First out Method:

Receipts
Jan 1       Inventory in hand       2,000 units @ Rs 7                    14,000
Jan 10      Purchases               11,000 units @ Rs 8                   88,000
Jan 20      Purchases               3,000 units @ Rs 9                    27,000
Jan 31      Purchases               4,000 units @ Rs10                    40,000

Issues for sale
  Jan 5      1,000 units
  Jan 12     2,000 units
  Jan 15     4,000 units
  Jan 25     5,000 units
Average Cost Method
Date            Receipt Quantity                    Rate              Issue Quantity
Jan 1                200                             10                     -
Jan 10               300                             12                      -
Jan 15                 -                              -                     250
Jan 20               250                             13                      -
Jan 31                -                                -                    200
                                   Stores Ledger
                Receipts                   Issues             Balance(Inventory)
DATE
(1996)   Qty.   Rate   Amount      Qty.   Rate      Amount   Qty.   Rate     Amount

Jan 1    200    10     2000           -        -       -     200    10       2000

Jan 10   300    12     3600           -        -       -     500         -   5600

Jan 15     -      -        -       250    11        2750     250         -   2850

Jan 20   250    13     3250           -        -       -     500         -   6100

Jan 31     -      -        -       200    12.50     2500     300         -   3600
Weighted Average Cost Method
                Receipts               Issues             Balance(Inventory)
DATE
(1996)   Qty.   Rate   Amount   Qty.   Rate     Amount   Qty.   Rate    Amount

Jan 1    200    10     2000        -     -         -     200    10      2000

Jan 10   300    12     3600        -     -         -     500    11.20   5600

Jan 15     -      -        -    250    11.20    2800     250    11.20   2800

Jan 20   250    13     3250        -     -         -     500    12.10   6050

Jan 31     -      -        -    200    12.10    2420     300    12.10   3630

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Inventory valuation amit

  • 1.
  • 2. Inventory Goods which have been purchased or manufactured and are yet to be consumed and sold are termed as inventories. As per AS-2 inventory/stock is an assets which: (i) Has been kept for sale during course of the general business, or (ii) Is in manufacturing process for sale, or (iii)To be consumed for manufacturing of product or service for the purpose of sale. 1. Stock of finished goods 2. Stock of work-in-progress Inventory includes: 3. Stock of raw materials 4. Stores & spare parts 5. Loose tools 6. Waste or by-product America- “Inventory” England- “Stock”
  • 3. Needs of Inventory Valuation  Determination of Income  Determination of financial position  Determination of policies  Business sale  Buying a business  Collateral for tenders 1. Periodic System SYSTEMS OF STOCK TAKING: 2. Perpetual System
  • 4. Methods of Inventory Valuation First in First Out (FIFO) Last in First Out (LIFO) Highest in First Out (HIFO) Next in First Out (NIFO) Average Cost Method Specific Identification Cost Method Base Stock Cost Method
  • 5. FIFO Method Que: The following information is available for the month of January 2003, of a trading concern: Jan 1 Inventory 200 units @ Rs 70 14000 Jan 5 Sales 100 units Jan 10 Purchases 550 units @ Rs 80 44000 Jan 15 Sales 400 units Jan 20 Purchases 150 units @ Rs 90 13500 Jan 25 Sales 300 units Jan 30 Purchases 100 units @ Rs 100 10000
  • 6. LIFO Method From the following particulars, calculate the value of inventory on Jan 31, 2003, by Last In-First out Method: Receipts Jan 1 Inventory in hand 2,000 units @ Rs 7 14,000 Jan 10 Purchases 11,000 units @ Rs 8 88,000 Jan 20 Purchases 3,000 units @ Rs 9 27,000 Jan 31 Purchases 4,000 units @ Rs10 40,000 Issues for sale Jan 5 1,000 units Jan 12 2,000 units Jan 15 4,000 units Jan 25 5,000 units
  • 7. Average Cost Method Date Receipt Quantity Rate Issue Quantity Jan 1 200 10 - Jan 10 300 12 - Jan 15 - - 250 Jan 20 250 13 - Jan 31 - - 200 Stores Ledger Receipts Issues Balance(Inventory) DATE (1996) Qty. Rate Amount Qty. Rate Amount Qty. Rate Amount Jan 1 200 10 2000 - - - 200 10 2000 Jan 10 300 12 3600 - - - 500 - 5600 Jan 15 - - - 250 11 2750 250 - 2850 Jan 20 250 13 3250 - - - 500 - 6100 Jan 31 - - - 200 12.50 2500 300 - 3600
  • 8. Weighted Average Cost Method Receipts Issues Balance(Inventory) DATE (1996) Qty. Rate Amount Qty. Rate Amount Qty. Rate Amount Jan 1 200 10 2000 - - - 200 10 2000 Jan 10 300 12 3600 - - - 500 11.20 5600 Jan 15 - - - 250 11.20 2800 250 11.20 2800 Jan 20 250 13 3250 - - - 500 12.10 6050 Jan 31 - - - 200 12.10 2420 300 12.10 3630