Osteoarthritis patient-education

1. OSTEOARTHRITIS
While Pain is inevitable....While Pain is inevitable....
Suffering is not.Suffering is not.

2. What is arthritis?
 Joint pain
 Many types
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis

3. What is osteoarthritis?
 Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the oldest and most
common forms of arthritis.
 Known as the “wear and tear”
kind of arthritis.
 OA is a chronic condition
characterized by the breakdown
of the joint’s cartilage.

4.  With osteoarthritis the problem lies in the cartilage that
cushions the ends of bones in the joints.
 Over time , the cartilage deteriorates, and its smooth
surface roughens.
 Eventually, if the cartilage wears down completely,
patient may be left with bone rubbing on bone-causing
the ends of the bones to become damaged and joints to
become painful .

5. Incidence in India
 In India, osteoarthritis is most frequent joint disease with
prevalence of 22% to39%.
 female were mostly affected (63.1%).
 Generally in the age group of 40-60 years (59.5%).

6. What causes OA?
• There isn’t any single known cause of osteoarthritis, but
there are several risk factors.
 Age
 Obesity
 Injury and overuse of joints
 Genetics or heredity
 Muscle weakness
 Other diseases and other types of Arthritis

7. Joints affected in Osteoarthritis
 The knees, hips, fingers, neck and lower back are most
commonly affected by OA.

8. Bone
Joint space
filled with
Synovial Fluid
“the oil” Articular
cartilage
“the tread”
Synovial
membrane
What is a Joint???

9. Healthy
Knee
Osteoarthritic
Knee
“tread wear”
Cartilage
“Joint Wear”
=
“Tread Wear”

10. The Knee

11. How the knee is affected by osteoarthritis

12. An Aside Point
Osteoarthritis
Is NOT
Osteoporosis

13. What are the symptoms?
 Joint pain.
 Morning stiffness, lasting approximately 30 minutes.
 Effect on physical functions
Difficulty in walking
 pain during sitting
 pain while using staircase

14. How is OA diagnosed?
 Physical Exam
 X-rays
 Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI)
 Computed Tomography (CT)
 Ultrasound

15. Physical Exam

16. X-rays

17. Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI)

18. Computed Tomography (CT)

19. Ultrasound

20. Long-Term Complications OA
 Osteoarthritis does not affect the body's organs or
cause illness But it can lead to deformities that take a toll
on mobility.
 Severe loss of cartilage in the knee joints can cause the
knees to curve out.
 Creating a Bony spurs irritate nerves, leading to pain,
numbness, or tingling in some parts of the body.

21. How to treat osteoarthritis
Early diagnosis and treatment is the first step to the
successful management of OA.
Goals of the treatment in OA include:
 Controlling pain
 Improving your ability to function in daily activity
 Slowing the disease’s process.

22. Treatment varies with severity
“Ladder Approach to Treatment”

23. Most treatment plans will include a combination of :
 Exercise
 Weight control
 Medication
 Joint protection
 Physical therapy
 Occupational therapy
 Surgery (For Advanced OA)

24. Exercise
 Exercise is the most effective nondrug treatment for
reducing pain and improving movement in OA.
 Research shows that people with OA can exercise
safely. Moderate exercise on a regular basis helps
decrease fatigue, strengthens muscles and bones, and
increases flexibility and stamina.

26. Weight control
 Weight control is important for people with OA because
excess weight directly contributes to the development of
OA.
 Weight loss helps ease pressure on weight-bearing
joints such as the hips, knees, back and feet.

27. Medication
 Analgesics- relieve pain. e.g Paracetamol
 Anti-inflammatory drugs- reduce inflammation and
swelling as well as aid in pain relief .
e.g Diclofenac , Aceclofenac , Ibuprofen
 Steroids. e.g injectable glucocorticoids
 Opioid analgesics relieve pain . e.g Tramadol .

28. Joint protection
 You can take steps to protect your joints and manage
joint pain and damage before it is severe.
 Balance rest and activity.
 Use good body mechanics.
 Lift with your legs instead of your back.
 Use good posture, which takes stress off your joints.

30. Physical therapy
 Physical therapy works on strengthening your muscles
and improving your flexibility and joint mobility.
 Physical therapists work on specific exercise programs
and other pain management techniques.

31. Occupational therapy
• Occupational therapy (OT) is the use of assessment and
treatment to develop, recover, or maintain the daily living
and work skills of people .

32. When all else fails
to improve pain………..

33. Surgery
The ultimate solution for osteoarthritis of the knee is
to replace the joint surfaces with an artificial knee joint

34. To Prevent OA
Maintain Your Ideal Body Weight
Protect Your Joints
Do exercise regularly

35. Avoid Injury to Joints
Adequate Dietary Calcium & Vitamins
Avoid Repetitive Stress on the Joints

36. Self Care In OA
Patient can relive much of the discomfort associated with
osteoarthritis through healthy-living strategies
 Exercise regularly.
 Control the weight
 Eat a healthy diet
 Apply heat
 Choose appropriate footwear
 Practice relaxation techniques
 Take the medications as recommended

37. Thank you !
Walk Again without pain!