1. 1
Properties of matterProperties of matter

2. 2
General Properties ofGeneral Properties of
MatterMatter
Matter is anything that
has mass and volume
Everything is made of
matter

3. 3
What are properties?What are properties?
Characteristics used to
describe an object
Ex: color, odor, shape,
size, texture,hardness
video

4. 4
General Properties ofGeneral Properties of
mattermatter
Mass, weight, volume,
and density
Properties are used to
identify a substance

5. 5
What is mass?What is mass?
Mass is the amount of
matter in an object
Mass is constant
Mass is also the
measure of inertia

6. 6
What is inertia?What is inertia?
Inertia is the
resistance of an object
to changes in its
motion
The more mass the
greater the inertia

7. 7
QuestionsQuestions
How is mass related to
inertia?
Why are properties of
an object important?

8. 9
QuestionQuestion
Which object has
more inertia, an
empty wagon or one
loaded with rocks?
Why?

9. 10
QuestionQuestion
What does a seatbelt
do for a passenger
when a car stops
suddenly?

10. 11
QuestionQuestion
Why would the
passenger move
forward without the
restraining force of
the belt?

11. 12
QuestionQuestion
What would stop a
passenger if the
seatbelt were not in
place?

12. 13
QuestionQuestion
What other safety
features are present
in a car in response
to a person’s inertia
in a moving vehicle?

13. 14
WeightWeight
The measure of the force
of gravity on the mass of
an object
Weight changes with
gravity
The metric unit for weight
is a Newton (N)

14. 15
Weight formulaWeight formula
1 kg = 2.2 pounds
Weight is mass times gravity
(9.8 m/s2
)
W= m x g
What is your mass?
What is your weight in
Newtons?

15. 16
What is gravity?What is gravity?
The force of attraction
between objects is
gravity
All objects exert a
gravitational force on
each other

16. 17
QuestionQuestion
Why can’t you feel the
attraction between you
and other objects the
same way you are
pulled toward Earth?

17. 18
Gravitational pullGravitational pull
The greater the mass
of an object the
greater the
gravitational force

18. 19
QuestionQuestion
Why can’t we feel the
pull of gravity from
Jupiter even though
it is so massive?

19. 20
What affects gravity?What affects gravity?
The pull of gravity
weakens as the
distance between
objects increases
gravity depends on
mass and distance

20. 21
GravityGravity
The further an object
is from the center of
the earth, the less
the object will weigh

21. 22
QuestionQuestion
Would you weigh less,
more, or the same on
top of Mount Everest?

22. 23
QuestionQuestion
The moon is smaller
than the earth. How
would your weight be
different on the moon?

23. 24
QuestionsQuestions
What are three
properties of matter
related to mass?

24. 25
QuestionQuestion
What is density and
how is it calculated?

25. 26
DensityDensity
The density of water is
1.0 g/ml
Objects with densities
greater than 1.0 will
sink in water

26. 27
DensityDensity
Objects with
densities less than
1.0 g/ml will float on
water

27. 28
IceIce
Ice floats therefore it is
less dense than water
Ice mostly remains
underwater with only a
portion of it being
exposed

28. 29
Astronomy fact!Astronomy fact!
The planet Saturn has
a density of less than
1.0 g/ml. If there was
an ocean big enough to
hold it, it would float!

29. 30
CalculationsCalculations
If 96.5 grams of gold
has a volume of 5
cubic centimeters,
what is the density of
gold?

30. 31
CalculationCalculation
If 96.5 g of aluminum
has a volume of 35
cm3
, what is the
density of aluminum?

31. 32
CalculationCalculation
If the density of a
diamond is 3.5 g/cm3
,
what would be the
mass of a diamond
whose volume is 0.5
cm3
?

32. 33
What is specific gravity?What is specific gravity?
A comparison of the
density of a
substance and the
density of water is
specific gravity

33. 34
QuestionsQuestions
How is density
different from specific
gravity?

34. 35
What is a physical property?What is a physical property?
Physical properties
are those that can be
observed without
changing the identity
of the substance

35. 36
Phases of matterPhases of matter (video)(video)
Four phases of matter:
solid, liquid, gas, and
plasma
solids have a definite
shape and volume

36. 37
Solid particle arrangementSolid particle arrangement
Solids are tightly packed
and the particles vibrate
Two types of solids are
crystalline and
amorphous

37. 38
Types of solidsTypes of solids
Crystalline solids are
arranged in repeating
patterns called
crystals (salt, sugar)
Amorphous solids can
lose their shape

38. 39
Examples of amorphous solidsExamples of amorphous solids
Tar, candle wax, glass
Shape changes under
certain conditions
(differences in
temperature)

39. 40
Liquid particle arrangementLiquid particle arrangement
Liquids have
particles that are
close together, but
are free to move

40. 41
QuestionQuestion
Describe the shape
of a liquid.

41. 42
Describe a liquidDescribe a liquid
Liquids do not have a
definite shape, but
they have a definite
volume

42. 43
QuestionQuestion
What happens when
one-liter of soda is
poured into a four-
liter container?

43. 44
Properties of liquidsProperties of liquids
Liquids do not expand
to fill the volume of a
container
Liquids are
characterized by their
ability to flow

44. 45
What is viscosity?What is viscosity?
The resistance of a liquid
to flow
The difficulty of a liquid
to flow easily
Honey, motor oil, corn
syrup have a high
viscosity

45. 46
Behavior of liquidsBehavior of liquids
Cohesion is the force of
attraction between LIKE
particles
Adhesion is the force of
attraction between
UNLIKE particles

46. 47
Surface tension (video)Surface tension (video)
Tendency of particles
to pull together at the
surface of a liquid due
to cohesion

47. 48
QuestionQuestion
Describe the viscosity
of a liquid.
Describe a liquid’s
shape.

48. 49
QuestionsQuestions
How is adhesion
different from
cohesion?
Explain surface
tension.

49. 50
Properties of gasesProperties of gases
Gases do not have a
definite shape or
volume (video)
They fill all the
available space in a
container

50. 51
Kinetic Molecular Theory ofKinetic Molecular Theory of
MatterMatter
Matter is made of tiny
particles in constant
motion

51. 52
QuestionQuestion
How are solids, liquids,
and gases different
from one another?

52. 53
Gas lawsGas laws
Boyle’s and Charles’ law
describe the behavior of
gases with changes in
temperature, pressure,
and volume

53. 54
Charles LawCharles Law
Charles’ law describes
a relationship between
the temperature and
volume of a gas
(constant pressure)

54. 55
Charles’ LawCharles’ Law
As the temperature of a
gas increases, the
volume of a gas increases
Heating air causes it to
expand

55. 56
QuestionQuestion
How can you explain
the fact that gas
particles expand to
fill space?

56. 57
PressurePressure
The force that particles
of a substance
(gas/liquid) will apply
over a certain area

57. 58
Boyle’s LawBoyle’s Law
Boyle’s law describes
the relationship
between the volume
and pressure of gases
(constant temperature)

58. 59
Boyle’s lawBoyle’s law
If the volume of a gas
decreases, then the
pressure of a gas
increases (Boyle’s law)
The smaller the space
a gas occupies, the
more pressure

59. 60
PlasmaPlasma
Plasma (phase)
most common phase in
the universe, dangerous,
very high energy (found in
stars)

60. 61
QuestionQuestion
What are the four
phases of matter?
Describe the plasma
phase of matter.

61. 62
Phase changes (video)Phase changes (video)
Phase changes in
matter are melting,
freezing, vaporization,
condensation, and
sublimation

62. 63
What is a physical change?What is a physical change?
Physical changes involve
the changing of physical
properties
Type of matter remains
the same

63. 64
QuestionsQuestions
Describe each of the five
phase changes (melting,
freezing, vaporization,
condensation, and
sublimation).

64. 65
Physical changesPhysical changes
Changing color,
shape, phase,
texture, hardness,
odor would be a
physical change

65. 66
MeltingMelting videovideo
Phase change from a
solid to a liquid

66. 67
Melting pointMelting point
Temperature in
which a solid
changes to a liquid
Physical property

67. 68
QuestionsQuestions
How is melting
different from freezing?

68. 69
Phase changes (video)Phase changes (video)
Involve a change in
volume, but mass
remains constant
Adding or removing
energy from matter
results in phase changes

69. 70
VaporizationVaporization
Phase change from a
liquid to a gas

70. 71
Boiling point (video)Boiling point (video)
The temperature in which
a liquid boils
Point at which a liquid
changes to a gas

71. 72
Freezing (video)Freezing (video)
Phase change of a
liquid to a solid
The temperature in
which this occurs is
the freezing point

72. 73
CondensationCondensation
Condensation is the
phase change from a
gas to a liquid
Sublimation is a phase
change from solid to a
gas

73. 74
QuestionQuestion
Describe a difference
between condensation
and vaporization.

74. 75
Sublimation examplesSublimation examples
Dry ice and iodine
are examples solids
that undergo
sublimation

75. 76
Chemical propertiesChemical properties
Describe how a
substance changes
into new substances
are chemical
properties
Ex: flammability

76. 77
Chemical changesChemical changes
The change of a
substance into a new and
different substance
Also known as a chemical
reaction
video

77. 78
QuestionsQuestions
What is another name for
a chemical change?
Describe sublimation.
How is a chemical
change different from a
physical change?