This document provides information about the Brunei International Conference on Engineering and Technology 2012 (BICET 2012), including: - BICET 2012 will be held from January 25-26, 2012 in Brunei Darussalam, with the theme of "Sustainable Development through Advances in Engineering and Technology". - 100 papers were submitted and 39 were accepted for presentation over the two day conference. - There will be keynote speakers as well as parallel paper sessions covering various engineering and technology topics. - The organizing committees are made up of representatives from Institut Teknologi Brunei and aim to ensure participants have a productive and enjoyable time at the conference.

1. INTRODUCTION
OF BICET 2012
WELCOME
COMMITTEES
PROGRAMME &
ABSTRACTS
EVENT SCHEDULE
CONFERENCE
PROCEEDINGS
KEYNOTE SPEAKER
© BICET 2012
Institut Teknologi Brunei A Technology University
Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410 ISSN 2226-3306
Brunei Darussalam.

2. Brunei International Conference on Engineering & Technology 2012 25-26 January 2012, Brunei Darussalam
The Brune Internation Conferenc in Engineering and Tech
ei nal ce hnology (BICE 2012
ET)
has as its main theme “Sustainable Developmen through Ad
e nt dvances in
Engineer? ?ing and Tech
hnology”. This conference marks the fo
s ourth BICET organised
by Institu Teknologi B
ut Brunei. Since its inception in 2001, BIC
CET has been a
platform f rigorous a
for academic disc cussion and the exchange of expert knoowl-edge
involving international researchers, scientists an practitione aiming to address
nd ers
major adv vances and is
ssues in the areas of engin
neering and teechnology.
BICET 2012 invites loc and intern
cal national resea
archers, scien
ntists and prac
ctitioners
to contribbute to the ac
cademic debate focusing o the confere
on ence theme
“Sustaina able Developmment through Advances in Engineering and Tech-nol
h logy”.
The confe erence offers an excellent opportunity f paper con
for ntributors and
d
participan to exchan
nts nge views regarding curren developme in their re
nt ent espective
fields of e
expertise.

3. Brunei International Conference on Engineering & Technology 2012 25-26 January 2012, Brunei Darussalam
WELCOME TO BICET 2012
Congratulations! You have been invited to present your papers at the Brunei
International Conference on Engineering and Technology (BICET) from 25 to 26
January 2012 in Negara Brunei Darussalam. It is our privilege and pleasure to
welcome you to this conference. BICET was established as an annual
international forum for the presentation, exchange and discussion of
information on academic and practical knowledge concerning advances and
issues in the areas of industrial management, civil engineering, computing and
information systems, electrical and electronic engineering, energy, mechanical
engineering, and petroleum and chemical engineering. BICET presents a
valuable opportunity to actively exchange ideas and network with participants
from universities, public utilities, industry, and consultancies from around the world.
The theme for this year’s BICET 2012 is “Sustainable Development through Advances in Engineering
and Technology”. This conference marks the fourth BICET organised by Institut Teknologi Brunei,
Brunei Darussalam. Today, industrial globalisation and the rapid advancement of technology and
engineering in response to consumer demand constantly improve our quality of life. However, the
adverse effects of rapid advances in technology and engineering raise issues such as: climate change,
CO2 emissions, political instability, financial crises, public health and safety and internet and
network security. These issues must not be overlooked and need to be thoroughly looked into. BICET
2012 will provide an excellent opportunity for representatives and students to share their state-of-
the-art research and experience and to discuss crucial scientific and technical issues with colleagues
and friends from around the world.
This year, a great number of contributors submitted papers. In fact, a total of 100 submissions were
received, and after going through review processes 39 papers have been accepted for presentation.
These various contributions with related topic areas will be presented in parallel sessions running
from Wednesday 25 January to Thursday 26 January 2012. Furthermore, the programme of parallel
paper sessions will also feature presentations from internationally renowned keynote experts on the
theme, “Sustainable Development through Advances in Engineering and Technology”. We look
forward to welcoming a large and interested audience.
The Executive and the local organising committees have made every effort to ensure that your stay
in Brunei Darussalam will be fruitful and socially enjoyable. We trust you will enjoy your time with us
in the “Abode of Peace”.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Pg Dr Haji Md Esa Al-Islam bin Pg Haji Md Yunus
Chairman of BICET 2012
Deputy Dean of Faulty of Engineering

4. Brunei International Conference on Engineering & Technology 2012 25-26 January 2012, Brunei Darussalam
ADVISOR
Dato Paduka Dr Haji Omar bin Haji Khalid (Vice Chancellor, ITB)
Professor Michael Cloke (Academic Advisor, ITB)
Dr Hajah Naemah binti Haji Khalid (Assistance Chancellor, ITB)
Dyg Jennifer Hiew Lim (Register & Secretary, ITB)
BICET ORGANISING COMMITTEES
Pg Dr Haji Mohd Esa Al-Islam bin Pg Haji Mohd Yunus (Chairperson, ITB)
Dr Ahmad Nazri Wahidudin (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Dr Hajah Noor Maya binti Haji Mohd Salleh (Secretary I, ITB)
Pg Dr Haji Saiful Baharin bin Pg Haji Duraman (Secretary II, ITB)
Secretariat:
Awg Haji Ady Syarmin bin Haji Mohd Taib (Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Mariam binti Haji Abd Rahman (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Serina binti Haji Mohd Ali (member, ITB)
Dyg Siti Asmahlati Bolkini binti Ahmad (member, ITB)
Awg Md Hairol bin Haji Mohd Ali (member, ITB)
Ak Haji Azhan bin Pg Haji Ahmad (member, ITB)
Dyg Thulasi Munohsamy (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Siti Mariam binti Haji Amit (member, ITB)
Technical Committee:
Dr Tan Soon Jiann (Co-chairperson, ITB)
Dr Franky Looi Hong Cheong (Co-chairperson, ITB)
Awg Haji Asari bin Haji Abd Rashid (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Siti Mazulianawati binti Haji Majid (Secretary I, ITB)
Dyg Hong Shyang Pei (Secretary II, ITB)
Awg Ahmad Syamaizar bin Haji Ahmad Sabli (member, ITB)
Dk Dr Noor Muneerah binti Pg Haji Jeludin (member, ITB)
Dk Hajah Noralam binti Pg Haji Tuah (member, ITB)
Dr Haji Mohd Khairul Ja’afar bin Haji Masri (member, ITB)
Dr Saiful Islam (member, ITB)
Dr Teh Keng Watt (member, ITB)
Awg Ismawi bin Haji Md Yussof (member, ITB)
Awg Wong Pong Kit (member, ITB)
Awg Peter Shannon (member, ITB)
Awg Radin Jefri bin Radin Mas Basiuni (member, ITB)
Awg Saiful Bahri bin Haji Md Ja’afar (member, ITB)
Dyg Ummul Hasanah binti Haji Hassan (member, ITB)
Awg Syed Bilal Hassan (member, ITB)
Awg Murhamdilah bin Morni (member, ITB)
Financial Committee:
Dyg Husni binti Haji Matusin (Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Hanisah binti Haji Mohd Salleh (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Soh Seng Hu (member, ITB)
Dyg Salinawati binti haji Awg Damit (member, ITB)
Dyg Siti Nur Didiareawati binti Jali (member, ITB)
Awg Jumat bin Mohd Yacob (member, ITB)

5. Brunei International Conference on Engineering & Technology 2012 25-26 January 2012, Brunei Darussalam
Dyg Hadhimah binti Hashim (member, ITB)
Fair and Exhibition Committee:
Awg Asmaal Muizz Salehin bin HM Sultan (Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Ibrahim bin Edris (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Saiful Bahri bin Haji Md Ja’afar (member, ITB)
Awg Mohd Kamarulzaman bin Abdullah (member, ITB)
Awg Khairuddin bin Haji Abd Ghafar (member, ITB)
Pg Abd Mutallib bin Pg Haji Kamaluddin (member, ITB)
Awg Syed Bilal Hassan (member, ITB)
Ceremony and Logistic Committee:
Awg Haji Morsidi bin Haji Kassim (Co-Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Joffry bin Haji Bongsu (Co- Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Elizah binti Raden Mas Ismail (Announcer, ITB)
Dyg Serina binti Haji Mohd Ali (Announcer, ITB)
Dyg Siti Hanisah Hj Mohd Salleh (Announcer, ITB)
Awg Haji Meraj bin Haji Suhaili (member, ITB)
Pg Siti Awa binti Pg Haji Mahmud (member, ITB)
Awg Hj Abu sofian bin Haji Yusof (member, ITB)
Awg Syed Bilal Hassan (member, ITB)
Awg Haji Aftab Hassan (member, ITB)
Pg Muhd Nazri bin Pg Haji Ahmad (member, ITB)
Awg Khairuddin bin Haji Abd Ghafar (member, ITB)
Pg Mutallib bin Pg Haji Kamalluddin (member, ITB)
Awg Awang Sidi bin Mohammad (member, ITB)
Awg Muhammad Kamarulzaman bin Abdullah (member, ITB)
Awg Muhamad Nizam bin Mahali (member, ITB)
Dyg Aslina binti Md Salleh (member, ITB)
Dyg Zaitonah bte Sisa/Judin (member, ITB)
Awg Haidi bin Hilmi (member, ITB)
Awg Hasri bin Ibrahim (member, ITB)
Awg Muhammad Nur Aiman bin Haji Jahari (member, ITB)
Awg Mohammad Rahim bin Haji Yakub (member, ITB)
Awg Muhammad Amirul Hardilah bin Jali (member, ITB)
Awg Adi Rusydi bin Omar (member, ITB)
Dyg Siti Amira binti Naim (member, ITB)
Awg Shabillellah Ikhwan bin Haji Ramlee (member, ITB)
Dk Alizah Nurul Ita binti Pg Haji Ali (member, ITB)
Dyg Siti Simaa Suhaillina binti Azmi (member, ITB)
Dyg Nursyazwani binti Bujang (member, ITB)
Awg Muhammad Izzat bin Haji Muhd Ismat Hazim (member, ITB)
Awg Muhammad Kamil @ Omar Abdul Aziz bin Kifli (member, ITB)
Dyg Noorus Sadikin binti Haji Metussin (member, ITB)
Abg Muhd Salih Hanafi bin Abg Mustafa (member, ITB)
Awg Md Nabil Fikri bin Mudim Haji Suhaili (member, ITB)
Dk Nurul Aziemah binti Pg Haji Muizzuddin (member, ITB)
Dyg Nurul Hazrina Shahba binti Md Shahrun (member, ITB)
Awg Marcelino Z. Taru III (member, ITB)
Welfare and Accommodation Committee:
Awg Mohamad Zawawi bin Bahari (Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Murhamdillah bin Morni (member, ITB)

6. Brunei International Conference on Engineering & Technology 2012 25-26 January 2012, Brunei Darussalam
Awg Haji Ismit bin Haji Mohamad (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Nur'azmina binti Haji Lingas (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Halimah binti Dato Haji Kassim (member, ITB)
Sponsorship, Promotion and Publicity Committee:
Awg Haji Rudy Erwan bin Haji Ramlie (Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Ida binti Idris (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Haji Abd Majid bin Haji Moksin (member, ITB)
Awg Ramli bin Haji Yaman (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Shanafizahwatty binti Haji Mat Salleh (member, ITB)
Dyg Rafidah binti Haji Tengah (member, ITB)
Dyg Nuroul’ain binti Abdul Khalid (member, ITB)
Publishing Committee:
Dr. Ang Swee Peng (Chairperson, ITB)
Pg Muhd Nazri bin Pg Haji Ahmad (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Hj Abu sofian bin Haji Yusof (member, ITB)
Awg Khairuddin bin Haji Abd Ghafar (member, ITB)
Dk Rafidah binti Pg Haji Petra (member, ITB)
Awg Saiful Bahri bin Haji Ja’afar (member, ITB)
Awg Syed Bilal Hassan (member, ITB)
Dk Norhafizah binti Pg. Haji Muhammad (member, ITB)
Awg Mohammad Adi Mukmin bin Haji Sarbini (member, ITB)
Dk Noraidah binti Pg Haji Mohammad (member, ITB)
Dk Aidah binti Pg Haji Ahmad (member, ITB)
Dyg Zaitonah binti Sisa/Judin (member, ITB)
Dyg Aslina binti Md Salleh (member, ITB)
Awg Mohamad Nizam bin Mahali (member, ITB)
Awg Mohammad Sia bin Abdullah (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Noraidah binti Haji Madin (member, ITB)
Awg Abd Hafidz bin Haji Ali Hassan (member, ITB)
Awg Mohammad Hadie bin Haji Marsidi (student, ITB)
Dyg Nurasilah binti Haji Ismail (student, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Nurulhanisah binti Haji Suhaili@Haji Sebeli (student, ITB)
Invitation and Protocol Committee:
Awg Muhd Al-Qusairy bin Haji Abd Kahar (Co-Chairperson, ITB)
Dk Raden Tutimuliawati bini Pg Haji Mahmud (member, ITB)
Awg Ibrahim bin Haji Md Tahir (member, ITB)
Awg Jumat bin Yakob (member, ITB)
Awg Md Safiuddin bin Abdullah (member, ITB)
Awg Azmee bin Ahmad (member, ITB)
Awg Mohd Zaiddin bin Abdul Qayyum Sirul (member, ITB)
Dyg Hadhinah binti Hashim (member, ITB)
Dyg Rusaimah binti Haji Md. Idris (member, ITB)
Awg Khairul Anuar bin Haji Omar (member, ITB)
Dyg Alya Nur Baizura binti Haji Fadzillah (member, ITB)
Awg Muhammad Nazmi bin Mahali @ Nazmo (member, ITB)
Awg Md. Asymawi bin Abdullah (member, ITB)
Dyg Nur Zawani binti Haji Musa (member, ITB)
Dyg Nurul Khairunnisa binti Haji Abdullah (member, ITB)
Dk. Nur Faizah binti Pg. Suhaimi (member, ITB)

7. Brunei International Conference on Engineering & Technology 2012 25-26 January 2012, Brunei Darussalam
Awg Md Afi bin Md. Firdaus Chee (member, ITB)
Dyg Nur Hayatul Majeedah binti Haji Ramlee (member, ITB)
Dyg Faeiqah Nadzirah binti Awg Yakof (member, ITB)
Awg Farhan Nuradli bin Abdul Karim (member, ITB)
Dyg Nur Amirah binti Haji Marsidi (member, ITB)
Dyg Rafidah binti Haji Junaidi (member, ITB)
Awg Muhammad Yazid bin Awg Yussof (member, ITB)
Refreshment Committee:
Dyg Hajah Roslynna binti Haji Rosli (Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Adlina Diyanah binti Haji Abdul Hamid (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Siti Ratiyah binti Haji Ibrahim (member, ITB)
Dk Ida Nurul Fitri binti Pg Haji Kahar (member, ITB)
Dk Seri Rahayu binti Pg Haji Ya’akub (member, ITB)
Dk Hajah Faridah binti Pg Haji Md Tahir (member, ITB)
Dyg Siti Aminah binti Bangok (member, ITB)
Dyg Zaitonah binti Sisa/Judin (member, ITB)
Awg Kamarudzaman bin Abu Bakar (member, ITB)
Photography Committee:
Awg Rajul Adli bin Haji Asli (Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Mohd Audi Athir bin Haji Abd Ghani (member, ITB)
Dyg Amal Nabilah binti Mohd Amin (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Nooranisah binti Haji Idris (member, ITB)
Awg Muhd Fadhli bin Haji Lamat (member, ITB)
Awg Muhd Afiq bin Haji Tebian (member, ITB)
Car and Traffic Committee:
Awg Ali Hashim bin Haji Taha (Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Kamarudzaman bin Abu Bakar (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Muslim bin Haji Lakim (member, ITB)
Awg Rozaidi bin Haji Lamit (member, ITB)
Awg Muhd Nizam bin Mahali (member, ITB)
Awg Azmee bin Ahmad (member, ITB)
Awg Jumat bin Yacob (member, ITB)
Awg Hasri bin Ibrahim (member, ITB)
Awg Haji Md Abu Yazid bin Haji Awg Damit (member, ITB)
Souvenirs and Certificates Committee:
Dyg Rozeana binti Haji Mohd Juani (Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Armanadurni binti Abdul Rahman (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Hadijah binti Abdul Hadi (member, ITB)
Ak Haji Azhan bin Pg Haji Ahmad (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Norimah binti Haji Abdul Kadir (member, ITB)
Dyg Roslizaharyanti binti Rosli (member, ITB)
Dyg Saadiah binti Bangkol (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Kartini binti HAJI kadar (member, ITB)
Dyg Masdianah binti Raini (member, ITB)
Awg Jumat bin Yakob (member, ITB)
Awg Azmee bin Ahmad (member, ITB)

8. Brunei International Conference on Engineering & Technology 2012 25-26 January 2012, Brunei Darussalam
BICET PANEL OF REVIEWERS
Ahmad Syamaizar bin Ahmad Sabli
Aijaz Ahmad
Ak Hj Azhan Pg Hj Ahmad
Armanadurni binti Abdul Rahman
Asmaal Muizz Sallehin bin H M Sultan
Dk Dr Noor Muneerah binti Pg Haji Jeludin
Dr Ahmad Nazri Wahidudin
Dr Franky Looi Hong Cheong
Dr Hasnul Hidayat bin Hashim
Dr Hj Afzaal Seyal
Dr Hj Md Gholam Yazdani
Dr Hj Mohd Khairul Ja’afar bin Hj Masri
Dr Mohammad Nurul Islam
Dr Sharina Yunus
Dr Sushma Nair
Dr Tan Soon Jiann
Dr Tariq Mahmood
Felix Weerakkody
Hj Ady Syarmin bin Hj Md Taib
Hj Mohd Noah bin Hj Abd Rahman
Hj Rudy Erwan bin Hj Ramlie
Hjh Roslynna binti Hj Rosli
Ibrahim bin Edris
Khairuddin Abd Ghafar
Md Hairol bin Hj Md Ali
P K Wong
Paul Turton
Peter Shanon
Pg Dr Hj Md Esa bin Pg Yunus
Pg Dr Hj Saiful Baharin bin Pg Hj Duraman
Pg Muhd Nazri Pg Hj Ahmad
Rajul Adli bin Hj Asli
Rozeana binti Hj Md Juani
Serina binti Hj Mohd Ali
Siti Noorfatimah bin Hj Awang Safar
Syed Bilal Hassan
Ummul Hasanah binti Haji Hassan
Yap Yok Hoe
Zuliana binti Nayan

9. BICET 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................ - 1 -
WELCOME TO BICET 2012 ......................................................................................................... - 2 -
BICET COMMITTEES .................................................................................................................. - 3 -
CONFERENCE INFORMATION .................................................................................................... - 8 -
GENERAL INFORMATION .........................................................................................................- 12 -
OPENING CEREMONY ..............................................................................................................- 15 -
WELCOMING DINNER ..............................................................................................................- 16 -
CLOSING CEREMONY ...............................................................................................................- 17 -
TECHNICAL PROGRAMME ........................................................................................................- 18 -
PLENARY SESSIONS .............................................................................................................. - 18 -
PARALLEL SESSION 1............................................................................................................. - 19 -
PARALLEL SESSION 2............................................................................................................. - 21 -
PARALLEL SESSION 3............................................................................................................. - 23 -
PARALLEL SESSION 4............................................................................................................. - 25 -
CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS ........................................................................................................- 26 -
PLENARY SESSIONS .............................................................................................................. - 26 -
PARALLEL SESSION 1............................................................................................................. - 26 -
PARALLEL SESSION 2............................................................................................................. - 31 -
PARALLEL SESSION 3............................................................................................................. - 34 -
PARALLEL SESSION 4............................................................................................................. - 38 -
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................................................- 41 -
MAPS ......................................................................................................................................- 42 -
-1-|Page

10. BICET 2012
WELCOME TO BICET 2012
Congratulations! You have been invited to present your papers at the Brunei
International Conference on Engineering and Technology (BICET) from 25 to 26
January 2012 in Negara Brunei Darussalam. It is our privilege and pleasure to
welcome you to this conference. BICET was established as an annual
international forum for the presentation, exchange and discussion of
information on academic and practical knowledge concerning advances and
issues in the areas of industrial management, civil engineering, computing and
information systems, electrical and electronic engineering, energy, mechanical
engineering, and petroleum and chemical engineering. BICET presents a
valuable opportunity to actively exchange ideas and network with participants
from universities, public utilities, industry, and consultancies from around the world.
The theme for this year’s BICET 2012 is “Sustainable Development through Advances in Engineering
and Technology”. This conference marks the fourth BICET organised by Institut Teknologi Brunei,
Brunei Darussalam. Today, industrial globalisation and the rapid advancement of technology and
engineering in response to consumer demand constantly improve our quality of life. However, the
adverse effects of rapid advances in technology and engineering raise issues such as: climate change,
CO2 emissions, political instability, financial crises, public health and safety and internet and network
security. These issues must not be overlooked and need to be thoroughly looked into. BICET 2012
will provide an excellent opportunity for representatives and students to share their state-of-the-art
research and experience and to discuss crucial scientific and technical issues with colleagues and
friends from around the world.
This year, a great number of contributors submitted papers. In fact, a total of 100 submissions were
received, and after going through review processes 39 papers have been accepted for presentation.
These various contributions with related topic areas will be presented in parallel sessions running
from Wednesday 25 January to Thursday 26 January 2012. Furthermore, the programme of parallel
paper sessions will also feature presentations from internationally renowned keynote experts on the
theme, “Sustainable Development through Advances in Engineering and Technology”. We look
forward to welcoming a large and interested audience.
The Executive and the local organising committees have made every effort to ensure that your stay in
Brunei Darussalam will be fruitful and socially enjoyable. We trust you will enjoy your time with us in
the “Abode of Peace”.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Pg Dr Haji Md Esa Al-Islam bin Pg Haji Md Yunus
Chairman of BICET 2012
Deputy Dean of Faulty of Engineering
-2-|Page

11. BICET 2012
BICET COMMITTEES
ADVISOR
Dato Paduka Dr Haji Omar bin Haji Khalid (Vice Chancellor, ITB)
Professor Michael Cloke (Academic Advisor, ITB)
Dr Hajah Naemah binti Haji Khalid (Assistant Vice Chancellor, ITB)
Dyg Jennifer Hiew Lim (Registrar & Secretary, ITB)
BICET ORGANISING COMMITTEES
Pg Dr Haji Mohd Esa Al-Islam bin Pg Haji Mohd Yunus (Chairperson, ITB)
Dr Ahmad Nazri Wahidudin (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Dr Hajah Noor Maya binti Haji Mohd Salleh (Secretary I, ITB)
Pg Dr Haji Saiful Baharin bin Pg Haji Duraman (Secretary II, ITB)
Secretariat:
Awg Haji Ady Syarmin bin Haji Mohd Taib (Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Mariam binti Haji Abd Rahman (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Serina binti Haji Mohd Ali (member, ITB)
Dyg Siti Asmahlati Bolkini binti Ahmad (member, ITB)
Awg Md Hairol bin Haji Mohd Ali (member, ITB)
Ak Haji Azhan bin Pg Haji Ahmad (member, ITB)
Dyg Thulasi Munohsamy (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Siti Mariam binti Haji Amit (member, ITB)
Technical Committee:
Dr Tan Soon Jiann (Co-chairperson, ITB)
Dr Franky Looi Hong Cheong (Co-chairperson, ITB)
Awg Haji Asari bin Haji Abd Rashid (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Siti Mazulianawati binti Haji Majid (Secretary I, ITB)
Dyg Hong Shyang Pei (Secretary II, ITB)
Awg Ahmad Syamaizar bin Haji Ahmad Sabli (member, ITB)
Dk Dr Noor Muneerah binti Pg Haji Jeludin (member, ITB)
Dk Hajah Noralam binti Pg Haji Tuah (member, ITB)
Dr Haji Mohd Khairul Ja’afar bin Haji Masri (member, ITB)
Dr Saiful Islam (member, ITB)
Dr Teh Keng Watt (member, ITB)
Awg Ismawi bin Haji Md Yussof (member, ITB)
Awg Wong Pong Kit (member, ITB)
Awg Peter Shannon (member, ITB)
Awg Radin Jefri bin Radin Mas Basiuni (member, ITB)
Awg Saiful Bahri bin Haji Md Ja’afar (member, ITB)
Dyg Ummul Hasanah binti Haji Hassan (member, ITB)
Awg Syed Bilal Hassan (member, ITB)
Awg Murhamdilah bin Morni (member, ITB)
Financial Committee:
Dyg Husni binti Haji Matusin (Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Hanisah binti Haji Mohd Salleh (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
-3-|Page

12. BICET 2012
Awg Soh Seng Hu (member, ITB)
Dyg Salinawati binti haji Awg Damit (member, ITB)
Dyg Siti Nur Didiareawati binti Jali (member, ITB)
Awg Jumat bin Mohd Yacob (member, ITB)
Dyg Hadhimah binti Hashim (member, ITB)
Fair and Exhibition Committee:
Awg Asmaal Muizz Salehin bin HM Sultan (Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Ibrahim bin Edris (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Saiful Bahri bin Haji Md Ja’afar (member, ITB)
Awg Mohd Kamarulzaman bin Abdullah (member, ITB)
Awg Khairuddin bin Haji Abd Ghafar (member, ITB)
Pg Abd Mutallib bin Pg Haji Kamaluddin (member, ITB)
Awg Syed Bilal Hassan (member, ITB)
Ceremony and Logistic Committee:
Awg Haji Morsidi bin Haji Kassim (Co-Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Joffry bin Haji Bongsu (Co- Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Elizah binti Raden Mas Ismail (Announcer, ITB)
Dyg Serina binti Haji Mohd Ali (Announcer, ITB)
Dyg Siti Hanisah Hj Mohd Salleh (Announcer, ITB)
Awg Haji Meraj bin Haji Suhaili (member, ITB)
Pg Siti Awa binti Pg Haji Mahmud (member, ITB)
Awg Hj Abu sofian bin Haji Yusof (member, ITB)
Awg Syed Bilal Hassan (member, ITB)
Awg Haji Aftab Hassan (member, ITB)
Pg Muhd Nazri bin Pg Haji Ahmad (member, ITB)
Awg Khairuddin bin Haji Abd Ghafar (member, ITB)
Pg Mutallib bin Pg Haji Kamalluddin (member, ITB)
Awg Awang Sidi bin Mohammad (member, ITB)
Awg Muhammad Kamarulzaman bin Abdullah (member, ITB)
Awg Muhamad Nizam bin Mahali (member, ITB)
Dyg Aslina binti Md Salleh (member, ITB)
Dyg Zaitonah bte Sisa/Judin (member, ITB)
Awg Haidi bin Hilmi (member, ITB)
Awg Hasri bin Ibrahim (member, ITB)
Awg Muhammad Nur Aiman bin Haji Jahari (member, ITB)
Awg Mohammad Rahim bin Haji Yakub (member, ITB)
Awg Muhammad Amirul Hardilah bin Jali (member, ITB)
Awg Adi Rusydi bin Omar (member, ITB)
Dyg Siti Amira binti Naim (member, ITB)
Awg Shabillellah Ikhwan bin Haji Ramlee (member, ITB)
Dk Alizah Nurul Ita binti Pg Haji Ali (member, ITB)
Dyg Siti Simaa Suhaillina binti Azmi (member, ITB)
Dyg Nursyazwani binti Bujang (member, ITB)
Awg Muhammad Izzat bin Haji Muhd Ismat Hazim (member, ITB)
Awg Muhammad Kamil @ Omar Abdul Aziz bin Kifli (member, ITB)
Dyg Noorus Sadikin binti Haji Metussin (member, ITB)
Abg Muhd Salih Hanafi bin Abg Mustafa (member, ITB)
Awg Md Nabil Fikri bin Mudim Haji Suhaili (member, ITB)
Dk Nurul Aziemah binti Pg Haji Muizzuddin (member, ITB)
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13. BICET 2012
Dyg Nurul Hazrina Shahba binti Md Shahrun (member, ITB)
Awg Marcelino Z. Taru III (member, ITB)
Welfare and Accommodation Committee:
Awg Mohamad Zawawi bin Bahari (Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Murhamdillah bin Morni (member, ITB)
Awg Haji Ismit bin Haji Mohamad (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Nur'azmina binti Haji Lingas (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Halimah binti Dato Haji Kassim (member, ITB)
Sponsorship, Promotion and Publicity Committee:
Awg Haji Rudy Erwan bin Haji Ramlie (Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Ida binti Idris (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Haji Abd Majid bin Haji Moksin (member, ITB)
Awg Ramli bin Haji Yaman (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Shanafizahwatty binti Haji Mat Salleh (member, ITB)
Dyg Rafidah binti Haji Tengah (member, ITB)
Dyg Nuroul’ain binti Abdul Khalid (member, ITB)
Publishing Committee:
Dr Ang Swee Peng (Chairperson, ITB)
Pg Muhd Nazri bin Pg Haji Ahmad (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Hj Abu sofian bin Haji Yusof (member, ITB)
Awg Khairuddin bin Haji Abd Ghafar (member, ITB)
Dk Rafidah binti Pg Haji Petra (member, ITB)
Awg Saiful Bahri bin Haji Ja’afar (member, ITB)
Awg Syed Bilal Hassan (member, ITB)
Dk Norhafizah binti Pg. Haji Muhammad (member, ITB)
Awg Mohammad Adi Mukmin bin Haji Sarbini (member, ITB)
Dk Noraidah binti Pg Haji Mohammad (member, ITB)
Dk Aidah binti Pg Haji Ahmad (member, ITB)
Dyg Zaitonah binti Sisa/Judin (member, ITB)
Dyg Aslina binti Md Salleh (member, ITB)
Awg Mohamad Nizam bin Mahali (member, ITB)
Awg Mohammad Sia bin Abdullah (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Noraidah binti Haji Madin (member, ITB)
Awg Abd Hafidz bin Haji Ali Hassan (member, ITB)
Awg Mohammad Hadie bin Haji Marsidi (student, ITB)
Dyg Nurasilah binti Haji Ismail (student, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Nurulhanisah binti Haji Suhaili@Haji Sebeli (student, ITB)
Invitation and Protocol Committee:
Awg Muhd Al-Qusairy bin Haji Abd Kahar (Co-Chairperson, ITB)
Dk Raden Tutimuliawati bini Pg Haji Mahmud (member, ITB)
Awg Ibrahim bin Haji Md Tahir (member, ITB)
Awg Jumat bin Yakob (member, ITB)
Awg Md Safiuddin bin Abdullah (member, ITB)
Awg Azmee bin Ahmad (member, ITB)
Awg Mohd Zaiddin bin Abdul Qayyum Sirul (member, ITB)
Dyg Hadhinah binti Hashim (member, ITB)
Dyg Rusaimah binti Haji Md. Idris (member, ITB)
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14. BICET 2012
Awg Khairul Anuar bin Haji Omar (member, ITB)
Dyg Alya Nur Baizura binti Haji Fadzillah (member, ITB)
Awg Muhammad Nazmi bin Mahali @ Nazmo (member, ITB)
Awg Md. Asymawi bin Abdullah (member, ITB)
Dyg Nur Zawani binti Haji Musa (member, ITB)
Dyg Nurul Khairunnisa binti Haji Abdullah (member, ITB)
Dk. Nur Faizah binti Pg. Suhaimi (member, ITB)
Awg Md Afi bin Md. Firdaus Chee (member, ITB)
Dyg Nur Hayatul Majeedah binti Haji Ramlee (member, ITB)
Dyg Faeiqah Nadzirah binti Awg Yakof (member, ITB)
Awg Farhan Nuradli bin Abdul Karim (member, ITB)
Dyg Nur Amirah binti Haji Marsidi (member, ITB)
Dyg Rafidah binti Haji Junaidi (member, ITB)
Awg Muhammad Yazid bin Awg Yussof (member, ITB)
Refreshment Committee:
Dyg Hajah Roslynna binti Haji Rosli (Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Adlina Diyanah binti Haji Abdul Hamid (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Siti Ratiyah binti Haji Ibrahim (member, ITB)
Dk Ida Nurul Fitri binti Pg Haji Kahar (member, ITB)
Dk Seri Rahayu binti Pg Haji Ya’akub (member, ITB)
Dk Hajah Faridah binti Pg Haji Md Tahir (member, ITB)
Dyg Siti Aminah binti Bangok (member, ITB)
Dyg Zaitonah binti Sisa/Judin (member, ITB)
Awg Kamarudzaman bin Abu Bakar (member, ITB)
Photography Committee:
Awg Rajul Adli bin Haji Asli (Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Mohd Audi Athir bin Haji Abd Ghani (member, ITB)
Dyg Amal Nabilah binti Mohd Amin (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Nooranisah binti Haji Idris (member, ITB)
Awg Muhd Fadhli bin Haji Lamat (member, ITB)
Awg Muhd Afiq bin Haji Tebian (member, ITB)
Car and Traffic Committee:
Awg Ali Hashim bin Haji Taha (Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Kamarudzaman bin Abu Bakar (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Awg Muslim bin Haji Lakim (member, ITB)
Awg Rozaidi bin Haji Lamit (member, ITB)
Awg Muhd Nizam bin Mahali (member, ITB)
Awg Azmee bin Ahmad (member, ITB)
Awg Jumat bin Yacob (member, ITB)
Awg Hasri bin Ibrahim (member, ITB)
Awg Haji Md Abu Yazid bin Haji Awg Damit (member, ITB)
Souvenirs and Certificates Committee:
Dyg Rozeana binti Haji Mohd Juani (Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Armanadurni binti Abdul Rahman (Deputy Chairperson, ITB)
Dyg Hadijah binti Abdul Hadi (member, ITB)
Ak Haji Azhan bin Pg Haji Ahmad (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Norimah binti Haji Abdul Kadir (member, ITB)
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15. BICET 2012
Dyg Roslizaharyanti binti Rosli (member, ITB)
Dyg Saadiah binti Bangkol (member, ITB)
Dyg Hajah Kartini binti HAJI kadar (member, ITB)
Dyg Masdianah binti Raini (member, ITB)
Awg Jumat bin Yakob (member, ITB)
Awg Azmee bin Ahmad (member, ITB)
PANEL OF REVIEWERS
Ahmad Syamaizar bin Ahmad Sabli Hj Rudy Erwan bin Hj Ramlie
Aijaz Ahmad Hjh Roslynna binti Hj Rosli
Ak Hj Azhan Pg Hj Ahmad Ibrahim bin Edris
Armanadurni binti Abdul Rahman Khairuddin Abd Ghafar
Asmaal Muizz Sallehin bin H M Sultan Md Hairol bin Hj Md Ali
Dk Dr Noor Muneerah binti Pg Haji Jeludin Wong Pong Kit
Dr Ahmad Nazri Wahidudin Paul Turton
Dr Franky Looi Hong Cheong Peter Shanon
Dr Hasnul Hidayat bin Hashim Pg Dr Hj Md Esa bin Pg Yunus
Dr Hj Afzaal Seyal Pg Dr Hj Saiful Baharin bin Pg Hj Duraman
Dr Hj Md Gholam Yazdani Pg Muhd Nazri Pg Hj Ahmad
Dr Hj Mohd Khairul Ja’afar bin Hj Masri Rajul Adli bin Hj Asli
Dr Mohammad Nurul Islam Rozeana binti Hj Md Juani
Dr Sharina Yunus Serina binti Hj Mohd Ali
Dr Sushma Nair Siti Noorfatimah bin Hj Awang Safar
Dr Tan Soon Jiann Syed Bilal Hassan
Dr Tariq Mahmood Ummul Hasanah binti Haji Hassan
Felix Weerakkody Yap Yok Hoe
Hj Ady Syarmin bin Hj Md Taib Zuliana binti Nayan
Hj Mohd Noah bin Hj Abd Rahman
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16. BICET 2012
CONFERENCE INFORMATION
1. Conference Date, Venue and Secretariat
Date : 25 - 26 January 2012
Venue : Rizqun International Hotel, Abdul Razak Complex, Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan,
Brunei Darussalam
Located in the heart of Brunei's retail and entertainment district - Gadong, the Hotel is only 10
minutes from Brunei International Airport and Bandar Seri Begawan.
Secretariat : Awg Haji Ady Syarmin bin Haji Mohd Taib
Address : BICET 2012 Secretariat
Institut Teknologi Brunei
Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
Telephone : +673-2461020 Fax : +673-2461035/6
Email : bicet2012@itb.edu.bn Web : www.itb.edu.bn/bicet2012
Web : bicet2012@gmail.com
2. Language
English will be the conference language.
3. Full Conference Proceedings
In an effort to reduce the carbon footprint and to protect our environment, the organiser is providing
each registered participant with a CD-ROM which is available in the BICET 2012 carrying bag.
4. Name Tags For Participants
A registered participant will be provided with a name tag. The name tag will allow access to sessions
and associated events. A name tag must be worn throughout the conference.
5. Registration
All BICET 2012 attendees must register for the conference. Onsite registration desk will be available
at the Rizqun International Hotel (Level 4), Gadong on Tuesday 24th January 2012 from 16.00pm -
21.00pm, and during the conference sessions from 13.15pm - 13.30pm (Wednesday, 25 Jan 2012),
08.00am - 08.30am and 13.15pm – 13.30pm (Thursday 26 Jan 2012).
Registration includes : Participation in the conference, a BICET 2012 carrying bag containing
CD (includes full conference proceedings), coffee-breaks, lunches, and
a welcoming dinner during the first day of the conference (25th
January, 2012).
The Registration fee is presented in the table below. Full payment is required to complete
registration.
Registration Fee
(1) International participants
Registration by Registration after
15 December 2011 15 December 2011
Participants USD 200.00 USD 250.00
Full-time students USD 150.00* USD 187.50*
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17. BICET 2012
(2) Local participants
Registration by Registration after
15 December 2011 15 December 2011
Participants USD 150.00 USD 200.00
Full-time student USD 112.50* USD 150.00*
*Full-time students will be eligible for a 25% discount provided that they attach a proof of enrolment
issued by their respective universities during registration.
6. Payment
Payments are required to be made in USD.
Payment must be made by:
1. Credit/Debit card (please complete credit/debit card payment form)
2. Telegraphic Transfer (TT)
Account Name : Institut Teknologi Brunei
Account No : 0-044854-007
Bank Name : Citibank Na, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
Address : No.12-15, Darussalam Complex, Jalan Sultan,
Bandar Seri Begawan BS8811, Negara Brunei Darussalam
Swift Code : citibnbx
Note :
For submission of TT form and bank slip, please email to hanisah.salleh@itb.edu.bn
7. Conference Floor Plan
BICET 2011 will be held on the 4th floor in the Rizqun International Hotel.
Parallel Sessions:
Venue – Level 4, Rizqun International Hotel
Parallel
Songket Hall I Songket Hall II Meeting Room 4
sessions
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18. BICET 2012
Rizqun International Hotel, Gadong
Songket
Hall III
Sutra Function
Hall Songket
Hall II
Songket
Hall I
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19. BICET 2012
Schedule of 2012 Brunei International Conference on Engineering and Technology (BICET 2012)
DAY/DATE TIME EVENTS CONFERENCE VENUE
SONGKET HALL I SONGKET HALL II MEETING ROOM 4
TUESDAY
16.00 – 21.00 Registration BICET Registration Desk, Level 4, Rizqun International Hotel
24 JAN 2012
WEDNESDAY 07.30 Opening Ceremony Songket Hall I, Level 4
25 JAN 2012 09.45 – 10.15 Coffee Break Sutra Function Hall, Level 4
10.30 – 11.30 Plenary Session: Keynote Speaker #1 Songket Hall I, Level 4
(Day 1) 12.00 – 13.15 Lunch Rizqun Coffee House, Ground Level
13.15 – 13.30 Registration BICET Registration Desk, Level 4
13.30 – 15.00 Parallel Session 1 CE-1 CIS-1 ME-1
(page19) (page20) (page 20 )
15.00 – 15.30 Coffee Break Songket Hall III, Level 4
15.30 – 17.00 Parallel Session 2 CE-2 CIS-2 EEE-2
(page 21) (page21) (page 22)
19.00 BICET 2012 Welcoming Dinner Presidential Lounge, Level 8
THURSDAY 08.00 – 08.30 Registration BICET Registration Desk, Level 4
26 JAN 2012 08.30 – 09.30 Plenary Session: Keynote Speaker #2 Songket Hall I , Level 4
09.30 – 10.00 Coffee Break Songket Hall III, Level 4
(Day 2) 10.00 – 11.30 Parallel Session 3 CE-3 CIS-3 + IM-3
(page23) (page23) + (page24)
12.00 – 13.15 Lunch Rizqun Coffee House, Ground Level
13.15 – 13.30 Registration BICET Registration Desk, Level 4
13.30 – 15.00 Parallel Session 4 PCE-4 E-4
(page25) (page25 )
15.30 Closing ceremony Songket Hall I, Level 4
Note: Abbreviations for the subject areas
CE : Civil Engineering EEE : Electrical and Electronic Engineering ME : Mechanical Engineering
CIS : Computer and Information Systems E : Energy PCE : Petroleum and Chemical Engineering
IM : Industrial Management
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20. BICET 2012
GENERAL INFORMATION
The City of Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
Welcome to Brunei Darussalam
Just 443 km north of the equator, modern Brunei's
5,765-sq km land area is wedged between the
Malaysian Borneo states of Sabah and Sarawak.
Rainfall and humidity are high, with temperatures
averaging 28 degrees Celsius throughout the year.
Yet Brunei rests outside the tropical typhoon and
earthquake belts.
Brunei is comprised of four districts - Temburong,
Tutong, Belait and Brunei-Muara. The nation's
riverfront capital, Bandar Seri Begawan, is in the
Brunei-Muara district.
Roughly two-thirds of the population is Malay, the
rest are Chinese or members of indigenous tribes.
Bahasa Melayu is the official language, although English is widely spoken and understood.
The country is ruled according to Islamic values and traditions by the present Monarch, His Majesty
Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah, the 29th ascendant of the world's oldest
continuously reigning royal line. Brunei is a Malay Muslim Monarchy, with over 600 years of recorded
history.
Brunei has emerged as an active and influential participant in international and regional core groups,
including the Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation (APEC), Association of South East Asian Nations
(ASEAN) and Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines - East Asian Growth Area (BIMP-EAGA).
Such involvements have raised awareness of Brunei as one of the world's most important developing
economies.
A haven for eco-tourism, over half of Brunei is unspoiled rainforest, a large proportion of which is
located in the Temburong district. Here fish hold station against the swift current of crystalline rivers.
An occasional electric blue kingfisher may be soon streak low across the water. Among the vine-laced
trees, unique flora and fauna flourish, from the parasitic pitcher plant to the distinctive hornbill.
In conjunction with the Brunei Museum and the Belalong Rainforest Field Studies Centre, many
leading international research and environmental groups, including London's Natural History
Museum, continue to find and document newly discovered species.
How to get here
Brunei is accessible by air with Royal Brunei Airlines (RBA), the national carrier, flying to 23 cities.
Other airlines that fly to Brunei are Malaysia Airlines, Singapore Airlines and Thai Airways
International.
Brunei is also accessible by road from Sarawak and Sabah. A drive from Kuching, the capital city of
Sarawak, takes approximately 13 hours while a drive from Kota Kinabalu, the capital of Sabah, takes
approximately 6 hours.
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21. BICET 2012
Climate
Equatorial climate with temperatures ranging from 20°C to 35°C throughout the year.
Population
343,000.
Airport
Brunei International Airport is about 15 minutes drive from the capital (11 kilometer). Airport tax -
International Departure: $12.
Custom
No duty is charged to passengers carrying 200 cigarettes, 50 cigars or 277 grams of tobacco, two
bottle of liquor (appox.2 quart) or 12 cans of beers for (non-muslim only), and a reasonable amount
of perfume (0.33 litre).
Language
Malay is official language but English is widely used. Other language includes Chinese and dialect is
also spoken. Although the official religion is Islam, other faiths including Christianity and Buddhism
are practiced.
Shopping
Most shops open at 8.00am although department stores open an hour or so later. Many shops
remain open until 9.00pm. Department stores open seven days a while most other shops close on
Sundays
Visitor Info : Getting Around
Ground
Many of Brunei's attractions lie within walking distance of each other in the heart of the capital city,
Bandar Seri Begawan. A comprehensive public bus system serves the capital and other destinations.
Taxis
There are no metered taxis in Brunei. Taxis are available at most hotels, shopping centres and the
airport. In the capital, taxis are located at the Jalan Cator car park. It is advisable to prearrange your
taxi rides by contacting the following numbers:-
Bandar Seri Begawan: +673 2222214, +673 2226853 Kuala Belait : +673 3334581
Seria : +673 3222020, +673 3222155 Airport Taxi Service: +673 2343671
Car Rentals
Self-drive or chauffeur-driven cars are available for hire from major hotels and the airport.
Buses
There are six bus routes serving Bandar Seri Begawan (BSB) area and Brunei Muara District - the
Central Line, Circle Line, Eastern Line, Northern Line, Western Line and Southern Line. They usually
operate from 6.30am - 7.00pm Fares start from B$1.00. Buses to other major towns such as Tutong,
Seria and Kuala Belait depart from the bus terminal located at the Jalan Cator car park in downtown
Bandar.
Water Taxis and Speedboat Services
Water taxis are the most common means of getting to Kampong Ayer and can be hailed from
numerous 'docking ports' along the banks of the Brunei River. Speedboat Services to Temburong also
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22. BICET 2012
available and you may purchased from the ticket counters at Jetty located in Jalan Residency at the
capital.
Additional Information
Useful Malay Phrases
Good Morning Selamat Pagi No Tidak
Good Afternoon Selamat Petang Yes Ya
Good Night Selamat Malam How much? Berapa?
Where is the toilet? Di mana tandas? Excuse me Maafkan saya
You're welcome Sama-sama Thank you Terima Kasih
What is your name? Siapa nama awda? Turn right Belok Kanan
My name is ... Nama saya ... Turn left Belok Kiri
I want to go to ... Saya mahu pergi ke ... Go Straight Jalan Terus
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23. BICET 2012
OPENING CEREMONY
The executives and the organising committee of BICET cordially invite you to attend the opening
ceremony for the BICET conference 2012 which will take place as follows:
Date : Wednesday, 25th Jan 2012
Time : 7.30 am
Venue : Songket Hall I, Level 4, Rizqun International Hotel, Gadong
Programme
07.30 : Arrival of Organising Committee members
08.00 : Arrival and Registration of participants
08.30 : Arrival of Guests
09.00 : Arrival of the Guest of Honour
Yang Berhormat Pehin Orang Kaya Indera Pahlawan Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Suyoi
bin Haji Osman
Minister of Development, Negara Brunei Darussalam
: Recital of Surah Al-Fatihah & Doa Selamat
: Welcoming Speech by the Vice Chancellor of Institut Teknologi Brunei
Yang Mulia Dato Paduka Dr Haji Omar bin Haji Khalid
: Speech & Official Opening of BICET 2012 by the Guest of Honour
: Souvenir Presentation to the Guest of Honour
: Refreshments
10.30 : Keynote Address 1 (Plenary)
International Keynote Speaker 1
Your presence to this event is very much appreciated, thank you.
Note : Dress code – smart
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24. BICET 2012
WELCOMING DINNER
The executives and the organising committee of BICET cordially invite you to attend the Welcoming
Dinner which will take place as follows:
Date : Wednesday, 25th Jan 2012
Time : 19.00 pm
Venue : Presidential Lounge, Level 8, Rizqun International Hotel, Gadong
Programme
19.00 : Arrival of Guests
19.30 : Arrival of the Guest of Honour
Yang Mulia Dato Paduka Dr Haji Omar bin Haji Khalid
Vice Chancellor of Institut Teknologi Brunei
: Recital of Surah Al-Fatihah and Doa Selamat
: Speech by the Chairman of the Organising Committee of BICET 2012
Yang Mulia Pg Dr Hj Md Esa Al-Islam bin Pg Hj Mohd Yunus
: Dinner
: Cultural show by the ITB Students
Your presence to this event is very much appreciated, thank you.
Note : Dress code - smart
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25. BICET 2012
CLOSING CEREMONY
The executives and the organising committee of BICET cordially invite you to attend the closing
ceremony for the BICET conference 2012 which will take place as follows:
Date : Thursday, 26th Jan 2012
Time : 15.30 pm
Venue : Songket Hall I, Level 4, Rizqun International Hotel, Gadong
Programme
15.30 : Arrival of the Guest of Honour
- Yang Mulia Dato Paduka Dr Haji Omar bin Haji Khalid
Vice Chancellor, Institut Teknologi Brunei
: Recital of Surah Al-Fatihah and Doa Selamat
: Speech by the Chairman of the Organising Committee of BICET 2012
Yang Mulia Pg Dr Haji Md Esa Al-Islam bin Pg Haji Mohd Yunus
: Certificate Presentation
: Closing Remarks
: Refreshment
Your presence to this event is very much appreciated, thank you.
Note : Dress code - smart
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26. BICET 2012
TECHNICAL PROGRAMME
The technical programme, comprising a plenary and the main paper oral presentation sessions will
be held on January 25 and 26 2012, at Level 4, Rizqun International Hotel, Gadong, Brunei
Darussalam.
PLENARY SESSIONS
We are pleased to welcome a panel of international experts who will provide insights into the state
of research for sustainable development and new product development and innovation in recycling
of various rubber wastes.
Keynote Speaker #1 : Professor Mark Spearing
Affiliation : Professor of Engineering Materials / Pro Vice Chancellor
(international)
University of Southampton
Presentation Title : Sustainable Development Through Engineering and Technology
Venue : Songket Hall I, Level 4, Rizqun International Hotel
Date : 25th January 2012
Time : 10.30 am - 11.30 am
Chairperson : Professor Michael Cloke (ITB)
Keynote Speaker #2 : Professor Hanafi Ismail
Affiliation : Deputy Dean, School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering
University Sains Malaysia
Presentation Title : Recycling of Various Rubber Wastes : New Product Development and
Innovation
Venue : Songket Hall I, Level 4, Rizqun International Hotel
Date : 26th January 2012
Time : 08.30 am - 09.30 am
Chairperson : Dr Mathew Poulose (ITB)
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27. BICET 2012
Day 1
PARALLEL SESSION 1
CIVIL ENGINEERING (CE)
Session: Time: Venue:
Wednesday, 25th January 2012 CE-1 13.30-15.00 Songket Hall 1
Chairman : ITB Staff
Paper code Paper Title
CE-1-1 : PREDICTION OF UNIT RESISTANCE FOR BORE PILE USING GLOBAL STRAIN
EXTENSOMETER
Ramli Nazir and Mohd Zahrullail Badrun
CE-1-2 : SHALLOW SUBSURFACE PROFILE INVESTIGATION BY SEISMIC REFRACTION
METHOD IN KUNDASANG, SABAH : APPLICATION TO SUBSURFACE
DAMAGE ZONE EVALUATION
Mohd Hazreek bin Zainal Abidin, Rosli bin Saad, Jamil bin Matarul,
Fauziah binti Ahmad, Devapriya Chitral Wijeyasekera,
Ahmad Fahmy bin Kamarudin and Azmi bin Ibrahim
CE-1-3 : INFLUENCE OF PARTICLE MORPHOLOGY ON SHEAR STRENGTH AND
DILATANCY OF SANDS
Alvin John Lim Meng Siang, Devapriya Chitral Wijeyesekera,
Adnan bin Zainorabidin and Ismail bin Hj Bakar
CE-1-4 : OVERVIEW OF CURRENT FIELD GEOTECHNICAL TESTING FOR PEAT
GROUND INVESTIGATION
Rashidah Adon, Dato Haji Ismail bin Haji Bakar, Devapriya Chitral Wijeyesekera
and Adnan bin Zainorabidin
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28. BICET 2012
COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS (CIS)
Date: Session: Time: Venue:
th
Wednesday, 25 January 2012 CIS-1 13.30-15.00 Songket Hall II
Chairman : ITB Staff
Paper code Paper Title
CIS-1-1 : SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTEPRISES (SMEs) IN MALAYSIA:
IMPROVING ONLINE MARKETING EFFORTS BY EMBEDDING MULTIMEDIA
ELEMENTS IN WEBSITE
Ida Aryanie Bahrudin, Mohd Ezree Abdullah and Miswan Surip
CIS-1-2 : POULTRY DISEASES EXPERT SYSTEM USING DEMPSTER-SHAFER THEORY
Andino Maseleno and Md. Mahmud Hasan
CIS-1-3 A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF UML PROFILE FOR HARD AND WEAKLY
HARD REAL-TIME SYSTEMS
Habibah Ismail, Yavuz Selim Sengoz and Dayang N. A. Jawawi
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (ME)
Date: Session: Time: Venue:
th
Wednesday, 25 January 2012 ME-1 13.30-15.00 Meeting Room 4
Chairman : ITB Staff
Paper code Paper Title
ME-1-1 : INVESTIGATION ON AERODYNAMIC FORCES ON A HORSE CARRIAGE TOWING
USED IN BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
Md Gholam Yazdani, Siti Norbillah Sooni and Desmond Lee Wei Fatt
ME-1-2 : FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF KAOLIN-BASED CERAMIC
MEMBRANE FOR LIQUID FILTRATION
N.A. Badarulzaman, S.S. Jikan and R. Mahadi
ME-1-3 : NANOFLUID HEAT TRANSFER IN A TUBE UNDER TURBULENT FLOW
Viswanatha Sharma Korada, Wan Azmi Wan Hamzah, Kameswara Sarma Pullela and
Rizalman Mamat
ME-1-4 : DEVELOPMENT OF MODEL FOR THE ESTIMATION OF NANOFLUID HEAT
TRANSFER COEFFICIENT
Wan Azmi Wan Hamzah, Viswanatha Sharma Korada, Kameswara Sarma Pullela
and Rizalman Mamat
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29. BICET 2012
PARALLEL SESSION 2
CIVIL ENGINEERING (CE)
Date: Session: Time: Venue:
th
Wednesday, 25 January 2012 CE-2 15.30-17.00 Songket Hall I
Chairman : ITB Staff
Paper code Paper Title
CE-2-1 : MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HYBRID KENAF/ RECYCLED JUTE FIBERS
COMPOSITES
Ekhlas. A. Osman, Anatoli. Vakhguelt, Igor. Sbarski and Saad. A. Mutasher
CE-2-2 : THE STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF PRECAST LIGHTWEIGHT FOAMED CONCRETE
SANDWICH PANEL SUBJECTED TO ECCENTRIC LOAD
N. Mohamad and S.L. Douvinda
CE-2-3 : LOAD ANALYSIS AND RESPONSE OF OFFSHORE JACKET STRUCTURE
Zulkipli Henry, Iberahin Jusoh and Amran Ayob
COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS (CIS)
Date: Session: Time: Venue:
th
Wednesday, 25 January 2012 CIS-2 15.30-17.00 Songket Hall II
Chairman : ITB Staff
Paper code Paper Title
CIS-2-1 : DEVELOPMENT OF A SUSTAINABLE KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR (KPI)
MONITORING SYSTEM USING VIABLE SYSTEM MODEL
Roliana Ibrahim, Suleiman Isah Sani, Ali Selamat and Aryati Bakri
CIS-2-2 : MALAYSIAN COMPUTER SCIENCE PUBLICATIONS: A CITATION STUDY
Aryati Bakri, Naomie Salim, Rose Alinda Alias and Siti Nisrin Mohd Anis
CIS-2-3 : ASSESSING THE PERCEPTION OF ACADEMIC STAFF IN USING e-LEARNING:
BRUNEIAN PERSPECTIVE
Afzaal H. Seyal, Hj. Awg Yussof Hj. Awg Mohammad, Looi, H. C
and Mohd Noah Abd Rahman
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30. BICET 2012
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING (EEE)
Date: Session: Time: Venue:
th
Wednesday, 25 January 2012 EEE-2 15.30-17.00 Meeting Room 4
Chairman : ITB Staff
Paper code Paper Title
EEE-2-1 : CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUNDING SYSTEMS UNDER HIGH IMPULSE
CONDITIONS
S. A. Syed Abdullah, N. Mohamad Nor and R. E. Rajab
EEE-2-2 : COMPARATIVE STUDY ON POWER LIMITATION OF A STALL REGULATED
VARIABLE SPEED WIND TURBINE
Norzanah Rosmin, Suhaila Samsuri and Mohammad Yusri Hassan
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31. BICET 2012
Day 2
PARALLEL SESSION 3
CIVIL ENGINEERING (CE)
Date: Session: Time: Venue:
Thursday, 26th January 2012 CE-3 10.00-11.30 Songket Hall I
Chairman : ITB Staff
Paper code Paper Title
CE-3-1 : RHEOLOGY CHARACTERISTICS OF ASPHALT BINDER CONTAINING WARM
ASPHALT ADDITIVE
Mohd Ezree Abdullah, Mohd Rosli Hainin, Kemas Ahmad Zamhari, Madi Hermadi,
Nafarizal Nayan and Zhanping You
CE-3-2 : THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN LABOURS REDUCTION IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Abdul Rahim Abdul Hamid, Bachan Singh, Aminah Md Yusof and Ong Siong Wei
CE-3-3 : THE EMPLOYMENT OF FOREIGN LABORS IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Abdul Rahim Abdul Hamid, Bachan Singh, Aminah Md Yusof
and Ahmad Mahayuddin Ismail
CE-3-4 : STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF LIMESTONE MINERAL ADDITION ON THE BEHAVIOR
OF SUSTAINABLE MORTARS BASED ON SULFATE RESISTANT CEMENT
L. Belagraa, W.Deboucha and M. Beddar
CE-3-5 : SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL BY SEMI-AEROBIC SANITARY LANDFILL: TOWARDS
ACHIEVING A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (PENANG EXPERIENCE)
Hamidi Abdul Aziz and Seyed Mohammad Hosseini
COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS (CIS)
Date: Session: Time: Venue:
th
Thursday, 26 January 2012 CIS-3 10.00-11.30 Songket Hall II
Chairman : ITB Staff
Paper code Paper Title
CIS-3-1 : ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN OPEN GOVERNMENT
IMPERATIVES: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION BASE ON INTERACTIVITY LEVEL
Mukesh Srivastava and Parwaiz Karamat
CIS-3-2 : INTEGRATING INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES (ICT) IN
EDUCATION: THE BRUNEI PERSPECTIVE
Hj Abd Rahim Derus, Franky HC Looi and Afzaal H. Seyal
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32. BICET 2012
INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT (IM)
Date: Session: Time: Venue:
th
Thursday, 26 January 2012 IM-3 10.00-11.30 Songket Hall II
Chairman : ITB Staff
Paper code Paper Title
IM-3-1 : INTERNET USAGE IN SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN BRUNEI
DARUSSALAM
Ida idris
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33. BICET 2012
PARALLEL SESSION 4
PETROLEUM AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (PCE)
Date: Session: Time: Venue:
th
Thursday, 26 January 2012 PCE-4 13.30-15.00 Songket Hall I
Chairman : ITB Staff
Paper code Paper Title
PCE-4-1 : THERMOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF BRUNEI RICE HUSK AND SUITABILITY FOR
THERMAL CONVESION VIA PYROLSIS PROCESS
Muhammad S Abu Bakar and James O Titiloye
PCE-4-2 : EFFICIENTLY DYE SENSITIZED AND METAL DOPED TIO2 CATALYSTS FOR
PHOTOCATALYTIC WATER SPLITTING UNDER VISIBLE LIGHT
Thi Thu- Le, M. Shaheer Akhtar and O-Bong Yang
ENERGY (E)
Date: Session: Time: Venue:
Thursday, 26th January 2012 E-4 13.30-15.00 Songket Hall II
Chairman : ITB Staff
Paper code Paper Title
E-4-1 : A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF FEED IN TARIFF (FIT) FOR BIPV SYSTEM IN
MALAYSIA
H. Abdul Rahman , W.Z. Wan Omar, M.Y. Hassan and M.S. Majid
E-4-2 : IMPROVING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN ELECTRICAL MOTORS USING VARIABLE
FREQUENCY DRIVES
Veronica Shabunko, C.M.Lim and S.Mathew
E-4-3 : POWER PERFORMANCE OF 1:40 SCALED TIDAL CURRENT TURBINE MODEL
Hjh Roslynna Hj Rosli
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34. BICET 2012
CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS
PLENARY SESSIONS
Keynote speaker #1
Paper Title: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THROUGH ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Professor Mark Spearing
Keynote speaker #2
Paper Title: RECYCLING OF VARIOUS RUBBER WASTES: NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND
INNOVATION
Professor Hanafi Ismail
The annual consumption of natural rubber is more than 15 million tons, and the output of rubber
products is more than 31 million tons worldwide. In Malaysia, production of the pneumatic tyres
alone in 2000 is 14.7 million while the tyre replacement market average is 1.3 million pieces per
month. About 35-40% go to tread market and 65-70% for disposal dumping or other use. With the
development of rubber industry, a lot of waste rubber is produced in the world every year. The
discarded scrap rubbers, which are cross-linked do not degrade rapidly enough and this causes
environmental pollution. Among various methods for treatment of waste rubber products, recycling
is the most desirable approach to solve the problem. Recycling not only protects our environment,
but also saves our limited petroleum resource from which the raw material is originating. To
overcome this problem there is a need to recycle rubber wastes. In this work, the effect of different
sizes of tire dusts and natural weathering on mechanical and morphological properties of
polypropylene (PP)/waste tire dust (WTD) blends will be reported.
PARALLEL SESSION 1
CIVIL ENGINEERING (CE)
Paper code : CE-1-1
PREDICTION OF UNIT RESISTANCE FOR BORE PILE USING GLOBAL STRAIN EXTENSOMETER
Ramli Nazir and Mohd Zahrullail Badrun
A study was carried out generally to obtain the reliable range for Ultimate Skin Factor, Ksu and
Ultimate End Bearing Factor, Kbu with the change in Standard Penetration Test (SPT, N) value
established for soil in Malaysia. Pile instrumentation is to be done using state-of-the-art Global Strain
Extensometer technology consists of a deformation monitoring system that uses advanced
pneumatically anchored extensometers coupled with high-precision spring-loaded transducers, and a
novel analytical technique to monitor loads and displacements down the shaft and at the toe of
foundation piles. It was found that the Global Strain Extensometer method for the instrumentation
for the bored pile easier to install and will give good results. It also gives less risk on damaging the
equipment during the installation. The results from Global Strain Extensometer show that the skin
resistance factor (Ksu) is in the range of 2.0 and 2.3kN/m2 as found by Tan et. al (1998) and
Balakrisnan et. al (1999). The results for base resistance factor (Kbu) for Global Strain Extensometer
also in the range between 7.0 and 10kN/m2 in agreement with Tan et. al (1998).
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35. BICET 2012
Paper code : CE-1-2
SHALLOW SUBSURFACE PROFILE INVESTIGATION BY SEISMIC REFRACTION METHOD IN
KUNDASANG, SABAH : APPLICATION TO SUBSURFACE DAMAGE ZONE EVALUATION
Mohd Hazreek bin Zainal Abidin, Rosli bin Saad, Jamil bin Matarul, Fauziah binti Ahmad,
Devapriya Chitral Wijeyasekera, Ahmad Fahmy bin Kamarudin and Azmi bin Ibrahim
Natural disaster such as mass movement can trigger and create new or existing ground damage zone
in several areas particularly in Kundasang, Sabah. This study applied a seismic refraction method to
investigate a subsurface profile damage zone mainly due to engineering geology and geotechnical
engineering assessment. Ground damage caused by a natural disaster can reflect a difficulty in the
engineering investigation task especially to determine the possible subsurface damage zone for
rehabilitation and maintenance purposes. Hence this study introduced the seismic refraction method
from geophysical techniques that used the concept of seismic waves generated by one of several
types of energy sources and detected by arrays of sensitive devices called geophones. The data was
processed by Optim software for generating the subsurface velocity structure (primary velocity, vp)
and interpretation with supported by existing borehole information. The seismic refraction method
identified three main velocity structures which consisted of top soil/residual soil (330 – 500 m/s) 0 –
6 m, weathered zone with a possible mixtures of soil, boulder and rock fractured (700 – 1800 m/s) 2
– 25 m and bedrock (> 2300 m/s) from 13 m depth. The thickness and width of damage zone varied
within the survey line from 4 – 25 m and 57 m respectively with a velocity structure of 600 – 1800
m/s. The seismic refraction survey produced a good similarity of results compared to the borehole
information in terms of geomaterial features. This study proved that the seismic refraction method
was an appropriate technique to be applied in damage zone assessment in order to produce reliable
information regarding the weak zone investigated. The utilization of seismic refraction method can
increase the effectiveness of civil engineering rehabilitation works in term of cost and time since it
can determine the subsurface information in two dimensional (2-D) profiles. Furthermore this
alternative method used a non destructive approach that can benefit the environment and be
suitable for our sustainable development.
Paper code : CE-1-3
INFLUENCE OF PARTICLE MORPHOLOGY ON SHEAR STRENGTH AND DILATANCY OF SANDS
Alvin John Lim Meng Siang, Devapriya Chitral Wijeyesekera, Adnan bin Zainorabidin
and Ismail bin Hj Bakar
The macroscale behaviour of granular materials such as sand results from particle level interactions
and the particle morphology (shapes and sizes). Clean sands are cohesionless (c = 0) but have a finite
friction angle (Ø). The shear strength of sands is entirely dependent on the density, normal stress and
interlocking particle structure. The latter is associated with the property of dilatancy (ψ) in particular
with sands. Well graded sand (SW), poorly graded uniform sand (SPuKahang), gap graded sand (SPg)
from Kahang Malaysia and also (SPuL.Buzzard) uniform Leighton Buzzard sand from UK were tested in a
pneumatic direct shear box. The shapes of the sand particles were quantified using images obtained
from a digital microscope. It was found that the Øpeak, Øcr and ψ was the highest for (SW) when
compared with others. SPuL.Buzzard sands showed a significant decrease in the values with similar
relative density (Dr). The increase in normal stress (σ) caused a significant effect on the behaviour of
dilatancy. High normal stresses give very little variations in dilatancy (ψ) between the samples tested
as compared to the lower normal stress that was used. This research contributes to furthering the
understanding of the engineering behaviour of sand and also helps in predicting the occurrence of
dilation based on sand morphology in dynamic soil structure interaction.
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36. BICET 2012
Paper code : CE-1-4
OVERVIEW OF CURRENT FIELD GEOTECHNICAL TESTING FOR PEAT GROUND INVESTIGATION
Rashidah Adon, Dato Haji Ismail bin Haji Bakar, Devapriya Chitral Wijeyesekera and Adnan bin Zainorabidin
Rapid pace of infrastructure development is seeing Malaysia and many other parts of the world
facing decreasing areas of ‘suitable’ ground for infrastructure construction. Limited availability of
sites is forcing peat land to become a viable construction site for economic reasons. Although peat
causes problems to engineering, it has its own advantages in term of forestry and agriculture. This
paper presents a critical review and discussion of recent and current geotechnical testing in peat
ground investigation with a variety of types of peat from several locations in Malaysia and other
countries. This paper represents data on fibric, hemic and sapric type of peat for loss of ignition
(Organic Content), natural water content, liquid limit, plastic limit, density and specific gravity. Some
of these tests were modified to suit peat testing. Sampling techniques to obtain undisturbed samples
for strength testing is outlined. Shear strength is another signifiicant parameter and plays a vital role
in engineering design decisions. Various researchers and practitioners have used piezocone (CPTU)
tests and vane test with correlation to in-situ vane tests or laboratory triaxial tests. This paper also
reviews the innovative of CPTU testing on peat soil.
COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS (CIS)
Paper code : CIS-1-1
SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTEPRISES (SMEs) IN MALAYSIA:
IMPROVING ONLINE MARKETING EFFORTS BY EMBEDDING MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS IN WEBSITE
Ida Aryanie Bahrudin, Mohd Ezree Abdullah and Miswan Surip
The idea of implementing multimedia to promote brands can be extremely beneficial. Multimedia
elements such as text, graphics, animation, audio and video hold the key in attracting new clients
business through digital marketing campaigns. The increased use of technology has brought about
numerous changes in the business world including for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) which is
a major part of the industrial economies in Malaysia. The aim of this study is to investigate the
multimedia element embedded in Malaysia SMEs website and to propose the guidelines in improving
online marketing efforts. A sample of 55 Malaysia’s SMEs web sites was monitored and the
embedded multimedia elements were analyzed. This data was collected in order to study the types
of multimedia elements on these web sites. The result of the study revealed that 83.6% used only
text and graphics in their websites, 12.7% used text, graphics and animation, while only 3.6%
embedded all multimedia elements in their websites. The results of this study provide helpful guides
to SMEs entrepreneurs in promoting their products.
Paper code : CIS-1-2
POULTRY DISEASES EXPERT SYSTEM USING DEMPSTER-SHAFER THEORY
Andino Maseleno and Md. Mahmud Hasan
Based on World Health Organization (WHO) fact sheet in the 2011, outbreaks of poultry diseases
especially Avian Influenza in poultry may raise global public health concerns due to their effect on
poultry populations, their potential to cause serious disease in people, and their pandemic potential.
In this research, we built a Poultry Diseases Expert System using Dempster-Shafer Theory. In this
Poultry Diseases Expert System We describe five symptoms which include depression, combs, wattle,
bluish face region, swollen face region, narrowness of eyes, and balance disorders. The result of the
research is that Poultry Diseases Expert System has been successfully identifying poultry diseases.
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37. BICET 2012
Paper code : CIS-1-3
A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF UML PROFILE FOR HARD AND WEAKLY HARD REAL-TIME
SYSTEMS
Habibah Ismail, Yavuz Selim Sengoz and Dayang N. A. Jawawi
Embedded systems that have timing constraints are classified as embedded real-time systems.
Formally, embedded real-time systems are classified into three categories of timing constraints,
named hard, soft and weakly hard. For hard real-time systems, no deadlines miss is tolerated, while
in soft real-time systems, deadlines miss is acceptable occasionally. Meanwhile, for weakly hard real-
time systems, a missed deadline is tolerated but has to be stated precisely. By far, modeling timing
constraints and scheduling behavior through adaptation of modeling language are used to predict
the timing behavior and performance of sets concurrent tasks in embedded real-time systems.
Nowadays, the widely used, well-known and most adopted modeling language for software modeling
is Unified Modeling Language (UML). In this paper, we studied the UML profile for Schedulability,
Performance and Time (SPT) as modeling language because it is known as suitable profile for
modeling and analysis of embedded real-time systems. The objective of the paper is to compare the
capability of SPT profile to support both of hard real-time and weakly hard real-time requirements.
Two case studies of embedded real-time systems used in this evaluation are: an elevator system case
study which was chosen to represent a hard embedded real-time system and a mobile robot case
study which was chosen to represent a weakly hard embedded real-time system. A set of important
criteria to enable the modeling of timing requirements and scheduling analysis of embedded real-
time systems were identified to conduct the comparative evaluation. The analysis results of the
comparative evaluation showed how UML-SPT profile can support the requirements modeling and
analysis of hard real-time systems and weakly hard real-time systems. A set of recommendation to
improve SPT profile in supporting the two types of timing requirements was concluded in this paper.
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (ME)
Paper code : ME-1-1
INVESTIGATION ON AERODYNAMIC FORCES ON A HORSE CARRIAGE TOWING USED IN BRUNEI
DARUSSALAM
Md Gholam Yazdani, Siti Norbillah Sooni and Desmond Lee Wei Fat
The aerodynamics of a car towing a load is an interesting problem in fluid mechanics. Since the above
is both shape and flow dependant and no complete theory is available. As such, experimental
techniques are thought to be useful to look into the aerodynamics of such a problem. In Brunei
Darussalam, the type of horse carriage is towed normally by certain type Ford Ranger (FR) four-wheel
drive car. A scale model of 1:32 of the above is made to test in a subsonic 292 mm x 292 mm wind
tunnel. The ford ranger and ford ranger with horse carriage (HC) was tested separately in the above
mentioned wind tunnel. The drag (CD), lift (CL) and the side forces (CS) coefficients are computed
with angle of attack (α) from 0° to 30° and Reynolds Number (Re) of 1.77 x 104 to 7.08 x 104. It is
well known that CD plays an important role in fuel economy. As expected CD for towing is generally
higher than the CD for isolated car for all the above investigated ranges of α and Re. To reduce CD a
modification on the body shape was suggested and tested in the wind tunnel. The modified body
shape reduced CD to a minimum of 20% and a maximum of 53% for α = 0° in the investigated ranges
of Re.
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38. BICET 2012
Paper code : ME-1-2
FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF KAOLIN-BASED CERAMIC MEMBRANE FOR LIQUID
FILTRATION
N.A. Badarulzaman, S.S. Jikan and R. Mahadi
Ceramic membranes for liquid filtration were fabricated via powder compaction method. The
membranes which comprise mixtures of local clay and combustible material were compacted at 2
MPa and then, sintered at 1050oC. The studies on porosity, density and flow rate of the membrane
were measured in order to evaluate its effectiveness. The results of the porosity and density tests of
the membrane are 51.4% and 2.5348 g/cm3, respectively. Whereas, the flow rate test indicates that
the membrane is able to flow at a rate of 197 ml/hour.
Paper code : ME-1-3
NANOFLUID HEAT TRANSFER IN A TUBE UNDER TURBULENT FLOW
Viswanatha Sharma Korada, Wan Azmi Wan Hamzah, Kameswara Sarma Pullela and Rizalman Mamat
The thermo physical properties of nanofluids are required for the evaluation of convective heat
transfer coefficients. Regression equations are developed as a function of concentration,
temperature and particle size valid for metal and their oxide nanoparticles dispersed in water. The
equations are used for the estimation of Prandtl number and heat transfer coefficients. Theoretical
determination of nanofluid Nusselt number is undertaken using the eddy diffusivity equations of
Sarma et al. The values from theory are compared with the available experimental data in the
turbulent range of Reynolds number for volume concentration up to 3.7%. It is observed that
particle size, concentration and operating temperature are to be considered simultaneously for the
determination of heat transfer coefficients. The condition under which nanofluid aids enhancement
is discussed.
Paper code : ME-1-4
DEVELOPMENT OF MODEL FOR THE ESTIMATION OF NANOFLUID HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT
Wan Azmi Wan Hamzah, Viswanatha Sharma Korada, Kameswara Sarma Pullela and Rizalman Mamat
In the present study, nanofluids are considered as a homogenous medium and the parameters
influencing the thermo physical properties identified. The property data available in the literature in
the temperature range of 20 to 70 °C are made dimensionless for undertaking regression analysis.
The correlations developed are valid for Cu, CuO, TiO2, SiC, ZrO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 nanofluids having
particles in the range of 20 to 170 nm diameter dispersed in water. The concept of Brownian motion
is used in the development of the model for the evaluation of forced convective heat transfer
coefficients. A satisfactory agreement is obtained between the values from the model and the
experimental data.
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39. BICET 2012
PARALLEL SESSION 2
CIVIL ENGINEERING (CE)
Paper code : CE-2-1
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HYBRID KENAF/RECYCLED JUTE FIBERS COMPOSITES
Ekhlas. A. Osman, Anatoli. Vakhguelt, Igor. Sbarski and Saad. A. Mutasher
The use of recycled natural, eco-friendly, renewable resources in composites, as a reinforcing
material, requires chemical or physical treatment to improve compatibility with the polymer matrix.
The present study investigates the tensile, flexural and impact behaviours of kenaf/recycled jute
various lengths hybrid composites. The composite materials were made from treated kenaf bast fiber
size of 1-6 mm by adding 20 wt% weight percentages of fiber in unsaturated polyester resin for
flexural and impact test while 30 wt% for tensile properties. These specifications of weight fractions
are due to maximum flexural, impact and tensile properties resulted from further relative study to
this research. The hybrid composites were made via adding different fraction of recycle jute fiber
with lengths of (10, 20 and 30) mm to kenaf fiber. Flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of
composites for all formulations were investigated in this research. Results indicated that generally
the flexural and impact properties of these various jute lengths composites systems were found to
decrease significantly as the percentage of recycled jute various jute lengths was increased. Tensile
strength, modulus of elasticity and elongation of kenaf composites were improved for a certain value
of weight fraction and length of recycled jute. SEM test showed that incorporated different fiber
dimensions in the composites, morphological changes take place depending upon interfacial
interaction between the varying dimensions of fiber and the resin matrix.
Paper code : CE-2-2
THE STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF PRECAST LIGHTWEIGHT FOAMED CONCRETE SANDWICH PANEL
SUBJECTED TO ECCENTRIC LOAD
N. Mohamad and S.L. Douvinda
The continuous awareness against the limited earth resources and global warming effect has urged
the demand upon the technology that consumes less energy and dependencies to the natural
resources. The progressive research upon this issue has initiated the idea of using Precast Lightweight
Foam Concrete Sandwich Panel (PLFP) as an alternative to Industrialize Building System (IBS). The
PLFP consist of two wythes that enclosed a layer of polystyrene which functioned as insulation layer.
Steel bar of 9 mm will be used for the horizontal and vertical reinforcements and 6 mm steel bent at
45° will be used as shear truss connector. The purpose of this paper is to study the structural behavior
of the PLFP panel under the eccentric load. The study will involved the relationship between the
density, slenderness ratio, compressive strength, crack pattern and the comparison of the structural
behavior of PLFP under axial and eccentric load. The testing on the two samples of PLFP under axial
and eccentric load shows that the PLFP will have lower strength capacity when tested under eccentric
load. Consideration on this particular aspect will increase the reliability on the PLFP application in the
construction field.
Paper code : CE-2-3
LOAD ANALYSIS AND RESPONSE OF OFFSHORE JACKET STRUCTURE
Zulkipli Henry, Iberahin Jusoh and Amran Ayob
Any structures installed in the ocean are subjected to external loadings. These loadings can be gravity
loads, environmental loads, seismic loads, hydrodynamic loads, and accidental loads. Physically the
structural natural responses toward these loadings are in term of displacements and vibrations.
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