A possible method for treating older children with a harness and brace. Additional exploration into the Dr. Papadimitriou research and additional cases.
This study analyzed cervical spine motion in 11 patients who underwent anterior cervical fusion surgery between the C5-C6 vertebrae. Motion analysis was performed using bi-planar fluoroscopy and clinical measures including neck disability, pain, and quality of life scores were assessed. During neck rotation, increased rotation between the C3-C4 vertebrae correlated with worse clinical outcomes, while increased rotation between C4-C5 correlated with better outcomes. The findings suggest that increased mobility at the level adjacent to the fusion site is healthier, while increased mobility two levels above may indicate a compensatory unhealthy state and potentially increased risk of adjacent segment disease.
Approach side during anterior cervical discectomyMQ_Library
1) The document discusses a search of the literature on whether the side of approach during anterior cervical surgery affects the incidence of dysphonia, hoarseness, or recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy.
2) The search found no Level 1 evidence but some Level 2 evidence that a left sided approach may reduce the incidence of these issues compared to a right sided approach.
3) However, the evidence is inconclusive and there is no consensus on whether surgical approach side makes a significant difference in outcomes.
A prospective comparative study of three treatmentHemant Pippal
This study compared the effectiveness of three treatment modalities for idiopathic adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: 1) conservative treatment including physical therapy, 2) intra-articular steroid injections plus physical therapy, and 3) arthroscopic capsular release plus physical therapy. The study found that arthroscopic capsular release resulted in significantly better improvement in external shoulder rotation compared to conservative treatment alone. However, overall functional outcomes as measured by a shoulder rating questionnaire were similar across groups. The study concluded that conservative treatment remains an effective first-line option for adhesive capsulitis, though arthroscopic release may provide faster recovery of external rotation.
The document provides examples of clinical questions, evidence, and recommendations from current care guidelines. It summarizes two studies that compared operative versus conservative treatment for wrist fractures in older adults. Both studies found no difference in functional outcomes between the groups, but operative treatment resulted in better radiological outcomes and more complications. Based on this, the guidelines recommend conservative treatment for older adults. The document also reviews studies comparing wrist casting in neutral versus dorsiflexed positions, finding no clear difference in outcomes. The guidelines recommend a functional cast position of 0-20 degrees flexion.
The Effect of OSA Severity and CPAP Adherence on Weight Regain After Bariatri...Brian Locke
This study examined whether weight regain after bariatric surgery is correlated with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. The study reviewed data from 116 patients who underwent bariatric surgery and had preoperative OSA testing. On average, patients lost over 35 kilograms initially but regained around 8 kilograms. There was no significant difference in weight regain between those who used CPAP and those who did not. Additionally, the severity of preoperative OSA was not correlated with the amount of initial weight loss or subsequent weight regain.
This document discusses recent advances in shoulder surgery. It summarizes that for patients with shoulder impingement, surgery and rehabilitation provides similar outcomes and injecting the shoulder can provide temporary or complete relief for 74-85% of patients. For posterior shoulder instability, diagnosis involves a history and physical exam tests like the modified O'Brien's test and Wrightington posterior instability test. The document also discusses approaches for rotator cuff tears, nerve disorders, and using less invasive techniques like neurolysis for conditions like suprascapular nerve palsy.
Effectiveness of Posture Correction Girdle as Conservative Treatment for Adol...CrimsonPublishersOPROJ
Effectiveness of Posture Correction Girdle as Conservative Treatment for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: a Preliminary Study by Joanne Yip in Orthopedic Research Online Journal
The document discusses premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and the effects of the menstrual cycle on amygdala reactivity. It summarizes a study that found increased amygdala activity in PMDD patients during the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase and healthy controls. The study results did not support the hypothesis but suggested higher amygdala activity during the luteal phase in PMDD patients regardless of task. The document calls for further research on how hormones like progesterone and estradiol affect the brain and notes menstrual cycle research could provide insights into neuroplasticity.
This study analyzed cervical spine motion in 11 patients who underwent anterior cervical fusion surgery between the C5-C6 vertebrae. Motion analysis was performed using bi-planar fluoroscopy and clinical measures including neck disability, pain, and quality of life scores were assessed. During neck rotation, increased rotation between the C3-C4 vertebrae correlated with worse clinical outcomes, while increased rotation between C4-C5 correlated with better outcomes. The findings suggest that increased mobility at the level adjacent to the fusion site is healthier, while increased mobility two levels above may indicate a compensatory unhealthy state and potentially increased risk of adjacent segment disease.
Approach side during anterior cervical discectomyMQ_Library
1) The document discusses a search of the literature on whether the side of approach during anterior cervical surgery affects the incidence of dysphonia, hoarseness, or recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy.
2) The search found no Level 1 evidence but some Level 2 evidence that a left sided approach may reduce the incidence of these issues compared to a right sided approach.
3) However, the evidence is inconclusive and there is no consensus on whether surgical approach side makes a significant difference in outcomes.
A prospective comparative study of three treatmentHemant Pippal
This study compared the effectiveness of three treatment modalities for idiopathic adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: 1) conservative treatment including physical therapy, 2) intra-articular steroid injections plus physical therapy, and 3) arthroscopic capsular release plus physical therapy. The study found that arthroscopic capsular release resulted in significantly better improvement in external shoulder rotation compared to conservative treatment alone. However, overall functional outcomes as measured by a shoulder rating questionnaire were similar across groups. The study concluded that conservative treatment remains an effective first-line option for adhesive capsulitis, though arthroscopic release may provide faster recovery of external rotation.
The document provides examples of clinical questions, evidence, and recommendations from current care guidelines. It summarizes two studies that compared operative versus conservative treatment for wrist fractures in older adults. Both studies found no difference in functional outcomes between the groups, but operative treatment resulted in better radiological outcomes and more complications. Based on this, the guidelines recommend conservative treatment for older adults. The document also reviews studies comparing wrist casting in neutral versus dorsiflexed positions, finding no clear difference in outcomes. The guidelines recommend a functional cast position of 0-20 degrees flexion.
The Effect of OSA Severity and CPAP Adherence on Weight Regain After Bariatri...Brian Locke
This study examined whether weight regain after bariatric surgery is correlated with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. The study reviewed data from 116 patients who underwent bariatric surgery and had preoperative OSA testing. On average, patients lost over 35 kilograms initially but regained around 8 kilograms. There was no significant difference in weight regain between those who used CPAP and those who did not. Additionally, the severity of preoperative OSA was not correlated with the amount of initial weight loss or subsequent weight regain.
This document discusses recent advances in shoulder surgery. It summarizes that for patients with shoulder impingement, surgery and rehabilitation provides similar outcomes and injecting the shoulder can provide temporary or complete relief for 74-85% of patients. For posterior shoulder instability, diagnosis involves a history and physical exam tests like the modified O'Brien's test and Wrightington posterior instability test. The document also discusses approaches for rotator cuff tears, nerve disorders, and using less invasive techniques like neurolysis for conditions like suprascapular nerve palsy.
Effectiveness of Posture Correction Girdle as Conservative Treatment for Adol...CrimsonPublishersOPROJ
Effectiveness of Posture Correction Girdle as Conservative Treatment for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: a Preliminary Study by Joanne Yip in Orthopedic Research Online Journal
The document discusses premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and the effects of the menstrual cycle on amygdala reactivity. It summarizes a study that found increased amygdala activity in PMDD patients during the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase and healthy controls. The study results did not support the hypothesis but suggested higher amygdala activity during the luteal phase in PMDD patients regardless of task. The document calls for further research on how hormones like progesterone and estradiol affect the brain and notes menstrual cycle research could provide insights into neuroplasticity.
The influence of visual input on the postural stability in individuals with ...Universidad de Extremadura
Individuals with Down syndrome exhibit greater body sway during quiet standing compared to healthy individuals due to their greater reliance on visual information. This study examined the influence of visual input on postural stability in individuals with Down syndrome. Eight subjects with Down syndrome performed Romberg's test with their eyes open, closed, and with visual feedback of their center of pressure. The results showed that visual feedback significantly reduced postural sway in individuals with Down syndrome, indicating they rely heavily on visual information to maintain stability.
This case study examines the outcomes of a 9-year-old male who received applied functional science movement based therapy following a 12-week arm cast for a distal radius/ulna fracture. The patient received 6 weeks of therapy focused on restoring range of motion, strength, and function through a progressive 3-phase protocol. Evaluation measures showed significant improvements in range of motion, grip strength, muscle strength, and disability scores. While grip strength improved substantially, it did not fully return to normal levels. The functional movement based approach effectively reduced impairments and disability from immobilization.
This document discusses elbow tendinopathy and various treatment options. It begins by explaining common types of elbow tendinopathy and risk factors. Non-surgical treatments like eccentric exercises, corticosteroid injections, platelet-rich plasma injections, and autologous cell implantation are reviewed. Surgical options like arthroscopic and open tennis elbow release are also summarized. The document concludes by discussing the current state of research and the need for further well-designed clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of emerging non-surgical treatments.
This document discusses the approach to subacromial impingement syndrome. It provides a brief history of the understanding and treatment of impingement. It describes Neer's 1982 description of impingement syndrome and extrinsic theory. For treatment, it advocates excluding secondary causes, a trial of non-operative treatment including rehabilitation for 18 months, and considering surgery only if rehabilitation and injections are unsuccessful or if a structural cause such as a rotator cuff tear is identified. The document emphasizes treating the underlying cause rather than simply performing acromioplasty.
Brace treatment for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) and Scheuermann Kyp...Nikos Karavidas
I. SRS and SOSORT guidelines for treating AIS and Scheuermann kyphosis with braces based on Cobb angle and Risser sign.
II. A cross-sectional study of 167 patients treated with braces for AIS or kyphosis found an overtreatment rate of 42.5%, with 43.2% of AIS patients and 40.8% of kyphosis patients overtreated.
III. Possible reasons for high overtreatment rates include ignorance of treatment guidelines, overreliance on bracing without exercise, and lack of physician education in treating spinal deformities. Overtreatment can cause psychological, social, and financial problems for children.
What is the optimal non-operative management of 5th metacarpal neck fractures?MadeleineEaton3
4th year placement project developed by Madeleine Eaton and Catherine Riddle in conjunction with Monash Health - Hand Therapy Department.
Discussed the current best evidence for optimal treatment of 5th Metacarpal neck fractures
Atraumatic Shoulder Instability ManagementThe Arm Clinic
This document discusses atraumatic shoulder instability and treatment options. It presents the Stanmore classification system for shoulder instability, which categorizes types of instability as traumatic structural (Polar I), atraumatic structural (Polar II), or motor control (Polar III). For atraumatic structural instability (Polar II), options include small lesion repair, capsular plications, or large lesion repair/reconstruction along with rehabilitation. The document outlines a proposed randomized controlled trial to determine whether surgical stabilization plus physiotherapy improves outcomes for atraumatic instability compared to physiotherapy alone.
The suprascapular nerve provides motor innervation to the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles. It has sensory branches innervating structures around the shoulder joint. Suprascapular nerve palsy can result from compression at the suprascapular or spinoglenoid notches, causing weakness and wasting of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus. MRI and EMG are used to identify any ganglion cysts or lesions compressing the nerve. Small cysts may resolve on their own, while larger cysts or failure to improve may require arthroscopic decompression of the suprascapular notch to release compression of the nerve. Proper surgical technique is important to address any associated pathology
This study evaluated the outcomes of a 3-week multidisciplinary residential rehabilitation program for 40 young UK military personnel with prearthritic hip pain. The rehabilitation program improved hip range of motion, as measured by increased flexion and internal rotation, and improved performance on a functional Y-balance test. However, scores on a hip disability questionnaire, pain levels, and a shuttle run test did not significantly improve. The study suggests the rehabilitation program provided short-term benefits for physical function, but not pain or self-reported hip function.
Early Mobility Among Pediatric Ventilated ICU patients: in 2015 a comprehensive Respiratory therapy protocol for intubated patients was implemented with a dynamic pediatric healthcare organization; with monitored patient care outcomes, ventilator weaning, and minimizing patient waste while on life support without the placement of a tracheotomy etc.
Placenta Accreta Spectrum - The Role for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)Brett Einerson
Objective: To consider and clarify the rationale for obtaining magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnostic workup of placenta accreta spectrum disorders.
Conclusion: "It is unclear whether MRI improves diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum beyond that achieved by ultrasound."
Revisional bariatric surgery rates are increasing as more primary bariatric surgeries are performed. Common causes of failure include non-compliance with lifestyle changes and weight regain. Evaluation of failed patients includes assessing compliance and reviewing anatomy with imaging and endoscopy. Revisional options depend on the cause of failure and may include converting to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, or adding a gastric band. Outcomes of revisional surgery show around a 50% excess weight loss with some increased risks of complications compared to primary surgery. Careful patient selection and counseling are important for success.
Endoluminal procedures like EGPR and ROSE aim to treat weight regain after gastric bypass through minimally invasive techniques. EGPR uses tissue fasteners to reduce the gastric pouch size and narrow the stoma, resulting in 15.5 lb weight loss on average in 6 months. ROSE uses expandable anchors to similarly reduce pouch size and stoma diameter, stopping weight regain in 88% of patients. Both procedures appear safe and can produce near 50% loss of regained weight, though long-term durability is still unknown. Success may depend on factors like a patient's initial weight loss after gastric bypass.
Atraumatic Shoulder Instability Principles and AssessmentThe Arm Clinic
The document discusses atraumatic shoulder instability, providing 4 scenarios of 16-year-old girls with unstable shoulders. It describes how to differentiate instability from hyperlaxity and covers the static and dynamic stabilizers of the shoulder. The clinical assessment of atraumatic instability includes assessing contributions from the traumatic history, structural factors like the sulcus sign, and range of motion tests like the Gagey sign. Classification systems for instability including Rockwood and Stanmore are presented.
Ms Susan Moug's keynote speech 'The Promotion of Physical Activity - Everyone's Responsibility' at the SCPN's 'Be Active Against Cancer' conference, Tuesday 4th February 2014.
Sleeve gastrectomy is a quasi-experimental study of 315 patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy surgery between June 2011 and October 2014 at a specialized surgical center. The study found that 6 months after sleeve gastrectomy, patients experienced significant weight loss and glycemic control, concluding that sleeve gastrectomy is effective for achieving glycemic control and weight loss in obese patients with diabetes mellitus within 6 months after the procedure.
Arthroplasty: Present practices by DR. D. P. SWAMI DR. D. P. SWAMI
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES FOR HIP REPLACEMENT, DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF OVERLAPPING SURGERIES IN TKR AND TEST FOR CONTAMINATION IN OPERATION THEATER
The document discusses revisional bariatric surgery options for patients who experience weight regain or inadequate weight loss after an initial Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedure (RYGBP). It reviews various surgical techniques for revising the gastric pouch size and shape, lengthening or shortening the Roux limb, and adding an adjustable gastric band. A summary of the author's experience with 212 revisional surgeries found that patients experienced significant additional weight loss, though complication rates were high at 26%. Most patients reported being satisfied with the results of revisional surgery.
This study compared the effectiveness of global postural reeducation (GPR) to segmental exercises (SE) in treating scapular dyskinesis associated with neck pain. 30 patients were randomly assigned to 10 weeks of GPR or SE. Both groups improved in upper extremity and neck function and pain. However, only GPR improved physical and mental quality of life. When comparing groups, GPR was superior in improving pain and physical quality of life. This preliminary study suggests GPR may be more effective than SE for reducing pain and improving well-being in patients with scapular dyskinesis and neck pain.
A 7-year-old obese boy presented for circumcision. He underwent the procedure using a modified Plastibell technique called the "Magic Ring." Lidocaine was used for local anesthesia and the boy experienced minimal pain. The ring detached after 5 days without complications. The modified technique aims to reduce risks associated with standard Plastibell circumcision, such as bleeding and infection.
The influence of visual input on the postural stability in individuals with ...Universidad de Extremadura
Individuals with Down syndrome exhibit greater body sway during quiet standing compared to healthy individuals due to their greater reliance on visual information. This study examined the influence of visual input on postural stability in individuals with Down syndrome. Eight subjects with Down syndrome performed Romberg's test with their eyes open, closed, and with visual feedback of their center of pressure. The results showed that visual feedback significantly reduced postural sway in individuals with Down syndrome, indicating they rely heavily on visual information to maintain stability.
This case study examines the outcomes of a 9-year-old male who received applied functional science movement based therapy following a 12-week arm cast for a distal radius/ulna fracture. The patient received 6 weeks of therapy focused on restoring range of motion, strength, and function through a progressive 3-phase protocol. Evaluation measures showed significant improvements in range of motion, grip strength, muscle strength, and disability scores. While grip strength improved substantially, it did not fully return to normal levels. The functional movement based approach effectively reduced impairments and disability from immobilization.
This document discusses elbow tendinopathy and various treatment options. It begins by explaining common types of elbow tendinopathy and risk factors. Non-surgical treatments like eccentric exercises, corticosteroid injections, platelet-rich plasma injections, and autologous cell implantation are reviewed. Surgical options like arthroscopic and open tennis elbow release are also summarized. The document concludes by discussing the current state of research and the need for further well-designed clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of emerging non-surgical treatments.
This document discusses the approach to subacromial impingement syndrome. It provides a brief history of the understanding and treatment of impingement. It describes Neer's 1982 description of impingement syndrome and extrinsic theory. For treatment, it advocates excluding secondary causes, a trial of non-operative treatment including rehabilitation for 18 months, and considering surgery only if rehabilitation and injections are unsuccessful or if a structural cause such as a rotator cuff tear is identified. The document emphasizes treating the underlying cause rather than simply performing acromioplasty.
Brace treatment for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) and Scheuermann Kyp...Nikos Karavidas
I. SRS and SOSORT guidelines for treating AIS and Scheuermann kyphosis with braces based on Cobb angle and Risser sign.
II. A cross-sectional study of 167 patients treated with braces for AIS or kyphosis found an overtreatment rate of 42.5%, with 43.2% of AIS patients and 40.8% of kyphosis patients overtreated.
III. Possible reasons for high overtreatment rates include ignorance of treatment guidelines, overreliance on bracing without exercise, and lack of physician education in treating spinal deformities. Overtreatment can cause psychological, social, and financial problems for children.
What is the optimal non-operative management of 5th metacarpal neck fractures?MadeleineEaton3
4th year placement project developed by Madeleine Eaton and Catherine Riddle in conjunction with Monash Health - Hand Therapy Department.
Discussed the current best evidence for optimal treatment of 5th Metacarpal neck fractures
Atraumatic Shoulder Instability ManagementThe Arm Clinic
This document discusses atraumatic shoulder instability and treatment options. It presents the Stanmore classification system for shoulder instability, which categorizes types of instability as traumatic structural (Polar I), atraumatic structural (Polar II), or motor control (Polar III). For atraumatic structural instability (Polar II), options include small lesion repair, capsular plications, or large lesion repair/reconstruction along with rehabilitation. The document outlines a proposed randomized controlled trial to determine whether surgical stabilization plus physiotherapy improves outcomes for atraumatic instability compared to physiotherapy alone.
The suprascapular nerve provides motor innervation to the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles. It has sensory branches innervating structures around the shoulder joint. Suprascapular nerve palsy can result from compression at the suprascapular or spinoglenoid notches, causing weakness and wasting of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus. MRI and EMG are used to identify any ganglion cysts or lesions compressing the nerve. Small cysts may resolve on their own, while larger cysts or failure to improve may require arthroscopic decompression of the suprascapular notch to release compression of the nerve. Proper surgical technique is important to address any associated pathology
This study evaluated the outcomes of a 3-week multidisciplinary residential rehabilitation program for 40 young UK military personnel with prearthritic hip pain. The rehabilitation program improved hip range of motion, as measured by increased flexion and internal rotation, and improved performance on a functional Y-balance test. However, scores on a hip disability questionnaire, pain levels, and a shuttle run test did not significantly improve. The study suggests the rehabilitation program provided short-term benefits for physical function, but not pain or self-reported hip function.
Early Mobility Among Pediatric Ventilated ICU patients: in 2015 a comprehensive Respiratory therapy protocol for intubated patients was implemented with a dynamic pediatric healthcare organization; with monitored patient care outcomes, ventilator weaning, and minimizing patient waste while on life support without the placement of a tracheotomy etc.
Placenta Accreta Spectrum - The Role for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)Brett Einerson
Objective: To consider and clarify the rationale for obtaining magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnostic workup of placenta accreta spectrum disorders.
Conclusion: "It is unclear whether MRI improves diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum beyond that achieved by ultrasound."
Revisional bariatric surgery rates are increasing as more primary bariatric surgeries are performed. Common causes of failure include non-compliance with lifestyle changes and weight regain. Evaluation of failed patients includes assessing compliance and reviewing anatomy with imaging and endoscopy. Revisional options depend on the cause of failure and may include converting to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, or adding a gastric band. Outcomes of revisional surgery show around a 50% excess weight loss with some increased risks of complications compared to primary surgery. Careful patient selection and counseling are important for success.
Endoluminal procedures like EGPR and ROSE aim to treat weight regain after gastric bypass through minimally invasive techniques. EGPR uses tissue fasteners to reduce the gastric pouch size and narrow the stoma, resulting in 15.5 lb weight loss on average in 6 months. ROSE uses expandable anchors to similarly reduce pouch size and stoma diameter, stopping weight regain in 88% of patients. Both procedures appear safe and can produce near 50% loss of regained weight, though long-term durability is still unknown. Success may depend on factors like a patient's initial weight loss after gastric bypass.
Atraumatic Shoulder Instability Principles and AssessmentThe Arm Clinic
The document discusses atraumatic shoulder instability, providing 4 scenarios of 16-year-old girls with unstable shoulders. It describes how to differentiate instability from hyperlaxity and covers the static and dynamic stabilizers of the shoulder. The clinical assessment of atraumatic instability includes assessing contributions from the traumatic history, structural factors like the sulcus sign, and range of motion tests like the Gagey sign. Classification systems for instability including Rockwood and Stanmore are presented.
Ms Susan Moug's keynote speech 'The Promotion of Physical Activity - Everyone's Responsibility' at the SCPN's 'Be Active Against Cancer' conference, Tuesday 4th February 2014.
Sleeve gastrectomy is a quasi-experimental study of 315 patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy surgery between June 2011 and October 2014 at a specialized surgical center. The study found that 6 months after sleeve gastrectomy, patients experienced significant weight loss and glycemic control, concluding that sleeve gastrectomy is effective for achieving glycemic control and weight loss in obese patients with diabetes mellitus within 6 months after the procedure.
Arthroplasty: Present practices by DR. D. P. SWAMI DR. D. P. SWAMI
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES FOR HIP REPLACEMENT, DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF OVERLAPPING SURGERIES IN TKR AND TEST FOR CONTAMINATION IN OPERATION THEATER
The document discusses revisional bariatric surgery options for patients who experience weight regain or inadequate weight loss after an initial Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedure (RYGBP). It reviews various surgical techniques for revising the gastric pouch size and shape, lengthening or shortening the Roux limb, and adding an adjustable gastric band. A summary of the author's experience with 212 revisional surgeries found that patients experienced significant additional weight loss, though complication rates were high at 26%. Most patients reported being satisfied with the results of revisional surgery.
This study compared the effectiveness of global postural reeducation (GPR) to segmental exercises (SE) in treating scapular dyskinesis associated with neck pain. 30 patients were randomly assigned to 10 weeks of GPR or SE. Both groups improved in upper extremity and neck function and pain. However, only GPR improved physical and mental quality of life. When comparing groups, GPR was superior in improving pain and physical quality of life. This preliminary study suggests GPR may be more effective than SE for reducing pain and improving well-being in patients with scapular dyskinesis and neck pain.
A 7-year-old obese boy presented for circumcision. He underwent the procedure using a modified Plastibell technique called the "Magic Ring." Lidocaine was used for local anesthesia and the boy experienced minimal pain. The ring detached after 5 days without complications. The modified technique aims to reduce risks associated with standard Plastibell circumcision, such as bleeding and infection.
Developmental dysplasia of the hip is a condition where the hip joint fails to form properly. It ranges from mild dysplasia to frank dislocation. The best outcomes are seen when treated before 6 months of age using a Pavlik harness. Between 6-18 months, closed or open reduction with spica casting is used. For older children, closed or open reduction with or without pelvic osteotomy is required. Complications include avascular necrosis, redislocation, and residual dysplasia if left untreated. Early diagnosis and treatment leads to the best long-term outcomes.
This document discusses the benefits of early mobilization for patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty. Early mobilization is defined as walking within 24 hours of surgery. The document reviews two studies that found early mobilization decreased length of stay, improved functional outcomes, better controlled pain, and decreased risks of blood clots compared to protocols with later initial walking. Both studies found early mobilization improved mobility distances over time and allowed more patients to be discharged home.
MULTIPLE MYELOMA TRANSPLANT: ROBERT ORLOWSKIspa718
1) Autologous stem cell transplantation provides a progression-free and overall survival benefit compared to conventional chemotherapy alone for multiple myeloma.
2) Achieving a complete response or better after transplantation is associated with significantly improved long-term outcomes.
3) While early transplantation may provide longer time without symptoms or treatment, recent data suggests transplant timing may have less impact on overall survival outcomes than the biology of the disease itself.
This document summarizes a study on the prevalence of decreased cervical range of motion due to wearing headscarves. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of decreased ROM in the cervical spine and the influence of wearing headscarves for over one year. 201 female participants aged 17-30 years were assessed. The results found high prevalence of decreased ROM in all directions, with 100% decrease in extension. Wearing headscarves over longer durations was associated with greater decreases in cervical ROM.
Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) is an evidence-based rehabilitation technique for improving upper limb function after stroke or cerebral palsy. It involves restraining the unaffected limb while intensively training the affected limb for several hours per day. Studies show CIMT leads to cortical reorganization and improved real-world arm use. The key elements are restraint of the less affected side and intensive task-specific training of the affected side. CIMT protocols have been developed for both adults and children with varying durations and intensities depending on the individual. Long-term follow up studies show benefits can persist for years after treatment.
Bracing is an effective conservative treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, as demonstrated by controlled clinical trials showing bracing slows or arrests curve progression compared to no treatment. Bracing works best when worn for 23 hours per day, and treatment is generally indicated for curves between 25 and 40 degrees or lesser curves showing recent progression. Regular x-rays are needed to monitor the curve during bracing and after weaning from the brace to determine if the spine remains stable.
Fertility Management: Synergy between Endoscopists and Fertility SpecialistsSujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta was invited to moderate a panel discussion on "Fertility Management: Synergy between Endoscopists and Fertility Specialists " in a CME by Torrent held on 27 May 2023.
This document discusses single-incision slings (SIS) for treating stress urinary incontinence. It provides pros and cons of SIS and summarizes various studies on the Minisling procedure. The studies found success rates of 85-95% in curing incontinence with SIS at 12-24 months follow up. Complication rates were low. SIS provide benefits of reduced bleeding risk, pain, and recovery time compared to standard mid-urethral slings. However, the document notes the learning curve is still developing for SIS procedures. In summary, the document reviews clinical studies demonstrating that single-incision slings effectively treat incontinence with low complication rates.
The document summarizes a study that evaluated the efficacy of a joint mobilization apparatus in treating frozen shoulder. The study involved 48 patients with frozen shoulder who were randomly assigned to either a control group receiving regular physical therapy or an experimental group receiving physical therapy plus treatment with the joint mobilization apparatus. Outcome measures including range of motion and pain were assessed at baseline and after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The results showed that the experimental group had significantly greater improvements in range of motion and reductions in pain levels compared to the control group receiving only physical therapy. The study concluded that the joint mobilization apparatus combined with physical therapy can further improve shoulder function and relieve pain in patients with frozen shoulder compared to physical therapy alone.
CIMT involves constraining the unaffected limb, along with intense therapy, in order to force the use of the affected limb with intent to improve motor function.
This document discusses best practices for pediatric airway management. It begins by outlining differences between pediatric and adult airways that make intubation more challenging in children, such as a prominent occiput, cephalad larynx, large tongue, and elliptical larynx. Predictors of difficult pediatric intubation are identified as age under 1, congenital anomalies, low BMI, and history of difficult intubation. The document then reviews optimal pre-oxygenation, induction agents like ketamine and etomidate, paralytics like rocuronium, and equipment like microcuffed tubes and video laryngoscopy that can facilitate intubation. Common pitfalls like inadequate sedation and aggressive bag-mask ventilation are
Community Minimally Invasive Total Hip Replacement Slideshowscottau
Minimally invasive total hip replacement aims to reduce recovery time. The direct anterior approach is promising but requires experience. It provides good exposure through a small incision without detaching muscles. Early results show less pain and faster recovery compared to traditional approaches, though blood loss and time were initially higher for surgeons adopting the technique. With a multidisciplinary team and careful patient selection, the direct anterior approach shows potential to improve outcomes for total hip replacement.
Analysis of Spinal Decompression via Surgical Methods and Traction TherapyPaige Barrett
This document summarizes various surgical and non-surgical methods for spinal decompression to treat back pain. For surgical decompression of the cervical spine, early surgery (<24 hrs) after spinal cord injury produces better outcomes than delayed surgery. Circumferential decompression and fusion is effective for cervical myelopathy. In the thoracic spine, posterior decompression with instrumented fusion improves neurological functioning for thoracic myelopathy. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and percutaneous laser disc decompression are suitable minimally invasive options for the thoracic spine. For the lumbar spine, indirect decompression using an interbody cage is effective for degenerative lumbar stenosis, while decompression without fusion significantly decreases leg pain and disability. Minimally invasive
Dr. Orakwele Arinze presented on cervical spondylosis. The presentation included an introduction to cervical spondylosis, relevant anatomy, epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, management, physiotherapy management, and a case study. Cervical spondylosis is an age-related degeneration of the cervical spine that can lead to nerve root or spinal cord compression. Symptoms include neck and arm pain, weakness, and sensory changes. Physiotherapy is an effective treatment and includes modalities like TENS, traction, exercises and lifestyle advice. The case study demonstrated improvement in a patient's neck pain, range of motion and strength following physiotherapy
This study investigated the use of a modified Plastibell device called the "Magic Ring" for circumcisions in children to reduce complications. The Magic Ring had design modifications from the standard Plastibell like a deeper canal and ligation thread to reduce risks of bleeding, infection, slippage and migration. The study found circumcisions using the Magic Ring had a low complication rate of 1.9%, with no cases of migration, slippage or infection reported. Patients experienced less pain compared to the standard Plastibell device. The study concluded the Magic Ring could help reduce risks associated with circumcisions compared to the standard Plastibell.
A 70-year-old female presented with bilateral knee pain diagnosed as osteoarthritis. She received four weeks of physical therapy involving exercises to increase strength and flexibility in the knees and hips. The therapy resulted in decreased pain, improved range of motion and strength. While progress was made, the patient required additional therapy to further improve functional strength.
Evidence PICO heup benaderingen voor THP: anterieur vs posterolateraal Rudolf Poolman
1) The anterior and posterior approaches for total hip arthroplasty (THA) were compared in several studies.
2) No differences were found between the approaches in terms of dislocation risk, functional outcomes, or muscle strength recovery at mid- and long-term follow up.
3) The anterior approach was associated with a longer learning curve but may have fewer femur fractures and blood loss compared to the posterior approach.
Next day discharge following elective caesarean section using Enhanced Recovery Care Pathways.
Ian Wrench (Consultant Anaesthetist)
Andrea Galimberti (Consultant Obstetrician)
Jan Hall (Midwifery Sister – Postnatal ward)
Julie Humphries (Midwifery Sister – Postnatal Ward)
Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Presentation from Shaping the Future Direction of Enhanced Recovery Care Pathway Seven Days a Week workshop held in London on 5 December 2013
Similaire à Non-Sugical Treatment Method of DDH in Older Children (20)
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Basics of Electrocardiogram
CONTENTS
●Conduction System of the Heart
●What is ECG or EKG?
●ECG Leads
●Normal waves of ECG.
●Dimensions of ECG.
● Abnormalities of ECG
CONDUCTION SYSTEM OF THE HEART
ECG:
●ECG is a graphic record of the electrical activity of the heart.
●Electrical activity precedes the mechanical activity of the heart.
●Electrical activity has two phases:
Depolarization- contraction of muscle
Repolarization- relaxation of muscle
ECG Leads:
●6 Chest leads
●6 Limb leads
1. Bipolar Limb Leads:
Lead 1- Between right arm(-ve) and left arm(+ve)
Lead 2- Between right arm(-ve) and left leg(+ve)
Lead 3- Between left arm(-ve)
and left leg(+ve)
2. Augmented unipolar Limb Leads:
AvR- Right arm
AvL- Left arm
AvF- Left leg
3.Chest Leads:
V1 : Over 4th intercostal
space near right sternal margin
V2: Over 4th intercostal space near left sternal margin
V3:In between V2 and V4
V4:Over left 5th intercostal space on the mid
clavicular line
V5:Over left 5th intercostal space on the anterior
axillary line
V6:Over left 5th intercostal space on the mid
axillary line.
Normal ECG:
Waves of ECG:
P Wave
•P Wave is a positive wave and the first wave in ECG.
•It is also called as atrial complex.
Cause: Atrial depolarisation
Duration: 0.1 sec
QRS Complex:
•QRS’ complex is also called the initial ventricular complex.
•‘Q’ wave is a small negative wave. It is continued as the tall ‘R’ wave, which is a positive wave.
‘R’ wave is followed by a small negative wave, the ‘S’ wave.
Cause:Ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
Duration: 0.08- 0.10 sec
T Wave:
•‘T’ wave is the final ventricular complex and is a positive wave.
Cause:Ventricular repolarization Duration: 0.2 sec
Intervals and Segments of ECG:
P-R Interval:
•‘P-R’ interval is the interval
between the onset of ‘P’wave and onset of ‘Q’ wave.
•‘P-R’ interval cause atrial depolarization and conduction of impulses through AV node.
Duration:0.18 (0.12 to 0.2) sec
Q-T Interval:
•‘Q-T’ interval is the interval between the onset of ‘Q’
wave and the end of ‘T’ wave.
•‘Q-T’ interval indicates the ventricular depolarization
and ventricular repolarization,
i.e. it signifies the
electrical activity in ventricles.
Duration:0.4-0.42sec
S-T Segment:
•‘S-T’ segment is the time interval between the end of ‘S’ wave and the onset of ‘T’ wave.
Duration: 0.08 sec
R-R Interval:
•‘R-R’ interval is the time interval between two consecutive ‘R’ waves.
•It signifies the duration of one cardiac cycle.
Duration: 0.8 sec
Dimension of ECG:
How to find heart rhytm of the heart?
Regular rhytm:
Irregular rhytm:
More than or less than 4
How to find heart rate using ECG?
If heart Rhytm is Regular :
Heart rate =
300/No.of large b/w 2 QRS complex
= 300/4
=75 beats/mins
How to find heart rate using ECG?
If heart Rhytm is irregular:
Heart rate = 10×No.of QRS complex in 6 sec 5large box = 1sec
5×6=30
10×7 = 70 Beats/min
Abnormalities of ECG:
Cardiac Arrythmias:
1.Tachycardia
Heart Rate more than 100 beats/min
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Non-Sugical Treatment Method of DDH in Older Children
1. Charles T. “Chad” Price, M.D.
Professor of Orthopedic Surgery
Univ. of Central Florida College of Medicine
Director, International Hip Dysplasia Institute
Possible Method for Treating Older
Children with Harness and Brace
• May be an alternative for closed reduction
and cast immobilization
2. Effective Brace Treatment Until Age 2
• 95 late hip dislocations
• Average age 16 months
• 93% success without any other treatment
JBJS 89A:1258, 2007
Phase B (retention phase)
Nikolaos G. Papadimitriou
6. • Increased flexion in the harness
leads to Inferior displacement of
the hip
Rombouts JJ, Kaelin A. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1992;74(5):708-10
González JF, Albiñana J. J Pediatr Orthop B. 1996;5(2):129-31
7.
8. • Greater flexion is permitted
• Better results than Pavlik
• No AVN
• No Femoral Nerve Palsy
Kubo H, et al. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg (2018) 138:149–153
Atalar H, et al. Hip Int 2014; 24 (3): 295-301
Uraş I, et al. J Pediatr Orthop B. 2014;23(4):339-42
Lu, X et.al. Publication pending
15. 3 months after
initiation of treatment
Hoffman-Daimler
Abduction Bar and
flexion harness
Maintaining flexion
and abduction until
4.5 months after
beginning treatment
16. Atlanta Abduction Brace used for 3 more months
with ambulation
PHASE 4
• Night time
abduction bracing
for one year after
initiation of
treatment
17. Patient did not return
9 years later-contacted by phone
mother says child had no other
treatment, is fine, and doesn’t
need to come back.
Atlanta Abduction Brace used for 3 more months
with ambulation
18. 8 month old girl
Bilateral dysplasia
Could also
attempt Pavlik
Harness
Case Example #2
22. Possible Advantages
• Decreased Anesthesia
• Protective effect of motion on articular
cartilage
• Salter RB, et al JBJS-Am. 1980
• Jortikka MO, et al. Ann Rheum Dis 1997;56:255-61
• Mutsuzaki H, et al Intl J Mol Sci 2017;18:253
• Kiviranta I, et al J Orthop Res 1994;12:161-7
• Dynamic movement
– Improves acetabular development
– Improves vascular perfusion of femoral head
• Carter DR and Wong M. J Orthop Res 1988;6:804-16
• Wang C-L, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 2017;485:400-8
• Lian-Yong L, Wang En-bo, et al Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2014:6:212-23
23. • Shortcomings
– Limited experience of early investigators
– Same duration of bed rest even if successful
– Unfamiliar harness and brace applications may
encounter unexpected problems
– Long-term results not verified by additional studies