This document discusses various eye care services including cataract surgery, glaucoma, laser vision correction, corneal transplantation, and medical tourism in India. It provides details on procedures like cataract surgery techniques, types of intraocular lenses, corneal transplantation types, LASIK, and Epi-LASIK. It also summarizes why medical tourism is growing in India due to lower costs, world-class facilities, and Arman Healthcare which assists foreign patients with treatment planning and arrangements.

2. (http://www.armancare.com/eye_care.html)
Cataract
Glaucoma
Laser Vision Correction
Aesthetic Plastic Eye Surgery
Squint Occuloplasty
Retinal Surgery
Cornea Transplantation
Neurophthalmology

3. Cataract
What is cataract ?
Cataract is the clouding of the lens in your eye which
causes blurred or hazy vision. Ageing is the most common cause
for cataracts. Other reasons may be eye injuries, eye diseases or
long term medications like steroids.
How a cataract eye affects your vision ?
Light from an object is broken up as it passes through a
cloudy, discolored lens, causing the image to be blurred and dull.
Hence, the quality of vision decreases.
What are the symptoms of cataract ?
An early sign is increasing glare from strong sunlight or
bright lights at night. This may cause difficulty in driving at night
and you might notice halos around car headlights.

4. Blurring of vision is the next most common problem. This leads to
frequent changes in prescription glasses.
Colors that are normally bright may appear faded and washed out.
Difficulty in reading is also a common problem.
What can you avoid cataract ?
Reducing the amount of ultraviolet light exposure by wearing
sunglasses may reduce your risk of developing a cataract, but once
developed, surgery is the only option
What are the opitions to treat cataract ?
Surgery is the only treatment after diagnosis and confirmation of
cataract by an ophthalmologist.

5. Diagnosis involves a thorough slit lamp microscope examination,
eye pressure check and retina evaluation to rule out any other
problem with the eyes.
How much time does the surgery take ?
Cataract surgery is a day-care surgery i.e. It does not
require admission in the hospital. The surgery takes approximately
10-25 minutes. Patient can leave the hospital 2-3 hours after
surgery.
What are the different techniques of cataract surgery ?
This involves the removal of the clouded, opacified lens
and its replacement with a synthetic, clear intra-ocular lens (IOL).
Ophthalmology is now advanced enough to remove this clouded
lens through extremely small micro-incisions. Small incision
surgeries have helped in faster visual rehabilitation the patient can
soon resume his daily activities.

6. Cataract surgery can be performed by the following
techniques:
• ECCE (Extra-capsular cataract extraction): This involves
removal of the cataract & placing of the IOL through a
large incision of about 10 mm. The incision is closed by taking
sutures. This method is now almost obsolete.
• SICS (Small Incision Cataract Surgery): This is a better
technique than ECCE with the incision being about 5-6mm.
Both foldable & non-foldable IOL may be placed. There
are no stitches required to close the incision.
Phaco / laser (phaco-emulsification technique)
This is the best technique available for cataract
extraction. It involves the removal of the clouded, opacified lens
and its replacement with a synthetic, clear foldable intra-ocular
lens through a very small micro-incision of 2.8 mm.

7. Visual rehabilitation is much faster in this surgery; the outcomes
are much better.
What are the types of Intra Ocular Lenses ( IOLs )
• MONOFOCAL LENSES, also known as standard lenses,
provide clear vision but only at one fixed focal point, usually at a
distance. If you are fitted with a monofocal lens, you will most
likely need glasses to see up close.
• MULTIFOCAL LENSES, have special features that correct
your near, intermediate, and distance vision in the same lens.
Multifocal IOLs provide your best chance at being free of glasses
for the majority of activities.
• ACCOMODATIVE LENSES, also known as variable focus
lenses, are designed to move in response to your eye muscles to
adjust for near, immediate and far vision.

8. Those who are able to retrain their eye muscles to move the lens
have experienced relief from presbyopia as well as cataracts.
However, accommodative lenses actually have a fixed focal point,
which makes them a type of monofocal lens.
• TORIC LENSES are designed for people with astigmatism,
reducing or virtually eliminating the need for glasses for distance
vision following surgery in people with astigmatism.
Corneal Transplantation
The CORNEA is the transparent tissue at the front of the
eye and the only place in the body where tissue is clear. The
transparency and shape of the cornea is vital for good vision and
any alteration in this can result in poor vision or blindness.

9. Several conditions that affect the transparency of the cornea
include Keratoconus, Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy, a
condition where the cells of the innermost layer (endothelium)
become deficient and unable to remove fluid from the cornea. The
cornea becomes swollen and loses clarity. Trauma, prior eye
surgery and Herpes simplex viral disease can also affect corneal
clarity.
Corneal transplantation involves removal of a portion of (partial or
lamellar keratoplasty) or complete (full thickness or penetrating
keratoplasty) removal of a cloudy or deformed cornea and
replacement with a transplant donated by another human being
at death.
Types of transplantation performed in our hospitals are:

10. • Penetrating Keratoplasty
• Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty ( DALK )
• Descemet’s Stripping Endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK)
• Therapeutic keratoplasty
Laser vision correction – a new dimension
Laser vision correction - a highly successful method of
correcting myopia and hypermetropia, works by changing the
shape of the cornea. More than 30 million worldwide have
undergone laser vision correction to free themselves from glasses
and contact lenses.

11. The following procedures are performed:
Lasik
For a range of LASIK eye surgery information and FAQs
read the section on LASIK.
What is lasik ?
Used to correct refractive errors, LASIK eye surgery is a
treatment that reshapes the cornea in order to produce clear
vision. The LASIK refractive eye surgery procedure can treat
myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and
astigmatism, and reduce patients’ dependency on contact lenses
and glasses. Because refractive errors impede the focusing ability
of the eye, patients who suffer from these conditions experience
blurred vision. LASIK eye surgery provides these individuals with an
effective treatment option, where a predetermined amount of
corneal tissue is removed.

12. This reshaping of the cornea improves the eye’s focusing power
and enhances patients’ visual acuity.
What is custom lasik ?
In the past, LASIK eye surgery was based simply on your
prescription: whether you were nearsighted, farsighted, or
astigmatic, and your degrees of each. However, excellent vision is
also dependent on higher-order aberrations — more complicated
and personalized visual imperfections that affect the crispness and
clarity of your vision. New custom LASIK technology is able to
diagnose and treat these visual imperfections like never before.
Custom LASIK eye surgery has the same mechanical components
of traditional LASIK, but is fully personalized and guided by a
detailed WAVEFRONT ANALYSIS map of your eyes.

13. Epi – lasik
If you have been told that you are not a candidate
for LASIK, you may be able to benefit from another type of laser
eye surgery called Epi-LASIK. The information on this page can help
you learn about the steps, benefits, and complications associated
with this procedure
What is Epi - Lasik ?
Epi-LASIK is a laser vision correction procedure designed
to treat myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and
astigmatism. Unlike LASIK, Epi-LASIK does not require the creation
of a corneal flap. As a result, people with thin corneas or other
conditions that could contribute to LASIK complications may be
suited for the procedure.

14. Epi-lasik laser eye surgery
As in other laser eye surgery procedures, Epi-LASIK begins
with the use of anesthetic eye drops to numb the eyes. An
instrument called an epikeratome is then used to isolate a thin
layer of tissue in the epithelium (the outer layer of the cornea). The
epithelial sheet is moved aside and an excimer laser is used to
carefully reshape the cornea. Once laser treatment is complete,
the epithelial sheet is gently replaced and allowed to adhere with
the aid of a special contact lens
Following Epi-LASIK, patients usually experience improvements in
their vision around the third or fourth day, with most patients
being able to drive in about a week. Vision may continue to
improve for a period of up to several months. While the recovery
time following Epi-LASIK is somewhat longer than with LASIK, the
procedure may produce fewer flap complications because it does
not penetrate the cornea.

15. As a means of laser eye surgery, Epi-LASIK offers many advantages.
The following benefits have been reported in association with the
procedure:
• Able to treat patients with thinner corneas
• Reduced incidence of flap complications
• Lower rate of dry eye syndrome
What is medical tourism?
Medical tourism, also known as health tourism or health travel, is
a term that describes travelling to a foreign country for medical,
dental, or cosmetic treatment.

16. It involves the benefit of cost effective treatment, private medical
care, in collaboration with the tourism industry. The concept of
medical tourism is fast growing in India and people from different
part of the world are choosing India as their desired destination.
Why Choose India?
Medical tourism is a rapidly growing sector in India and millions of
medical tourists from all over the world have come here to
experience a world-class healthcare service.
In 2010, about 600,000 patients travelled to India from over 30
countries for treatment, including the USA, Canada, UK, Russia, the
Middle East and Africa.
According to a study by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)
on healthcare, after software, the medical tourism industry is
poised to be the next big success story in India.

17. . It has predicted that the industry will grow to earn additional
revenue of $2.3 billion by 2012 and will soon account for a major
share of the country’s revenue.
There are several reasons behind this tremendous growth:
Patients come to India to get specialized treatments not available
in their home country. Indian hospitals excel in performing
complex cardiac surgeries, kidney transplants, bone marrow
transplants, orthopedic surgeries, infertility treatments amongst
their wide repertoire.
India provides world-class quality treatments at a fraction of the
priceof developed countries. The cost of medical treatment in
India is generally one tenth of western countries and among the
cheapest in Asia.
India has state of the art medical institutes and hospitals of
international standards with highly qualified medical professionals.

18. These centers are backed by high quality equipment and
technology. This fusion of highly qualifiedstaff assisted by the latest
equipment gives India the edge over other countries.
With hospitals and clinics in every region including urban, semi-
urban, or rural parts of the country, India has ample choice in
terms of preferred destinations.
In countries such as Canada and the UK, patients almost always
have to wait weeks and sometimes months to avail of medical
treatments. In India the consultations with the doctors are prompt
and patients receive a turnaround to their treatment plan at a
quicker pace.
As English is a commonly spoken language in India, the patient will
be comfortable communicating with the doctors.

19. Medical tourists find that the cost of their treatment (including the
return airfare, holiday and accommodation) leaves them with a
total bill substantially less than they would have spent just on
having the procedure in the UK.
Why Arman
There are several concerns that flicker in the minds of the
foreigners who come for treatment to India, particularly for first
time fliers. The first among them is which hospital to choose for
their treatment.
India is flooded with hospitals, medical centers and hotels which
have their websites that attract the foreign patients. This makes
them even more confused and the complexity of decision making
becomes a challenging task.
We, at Arman can address all these concerns and issues by acting
as intermediary with hospitals, clinics, surgeons, hotels.

20. Arman is a healthcare facilitator that has painstakingly brought
together highly qualified professionals and hospitals of repute and
health care providers.
We take the responsibility of screening the hospitals by checking
their track record, accreditations, associations and have partnered
with the best internationally accredited hospitals in India.
Arman update and monitor our network of hospitals on a regular
basis and maintain a database on the hospital’s certifications, type
of facilities and other factors critical in choosing a medical center.
Arman also negotiate a lower price from the hospital which foreign
patients would not get by directly approaching the hospitals This
helps the patient to save a lot on the medical procedure costs
We provide assistance with logistics, documentations, permits and
other travel arrangements required for medical tourism.

21. Our coordinators are highly trained to foresee every need of the
patient and make the entire process hassle free from start to finish.
They help the patient plan his medical procedures before leaving
home, and schedules all his appointments, surgery, treatments
and plans for recuperation.
This in turn helps the patient to choose the hospital according to
his convenience and also get a clear picture of the cost of
treatment, accommodation beforehand that helps them to
arrange their finance.
We are aware that a lot of trust is put in our hands and ensure that
this trust is well placed by serving each patient individually with
care and comfort.
How We Work
Patient query received by the patient himself or his doctor/
hospital.

22. This query along with medical reports is forwarded to the
concerned hospitals to get expert opinions
After the hospitals respond, we create a package for the patient
which includes recommendation on the treatments, duration of
stay, and the costs involved.
The patient reviews the various options presented to him and
makes a decision based on budget and the line of treatment
recommended by the doctors. Occasionally, a patient may clarify
his concerns or questions he may have regarding the treatment
with the doctor by telephone.
In liaison with the patients, Arman representatives will make prior
bookings with the hospital, airlines, hotels.
Patient travels and checks into hospital to start the treatment. We
provide assistance through out your stay in the hospital which
include pre and post opeartive care.

23. Once fit and able to travel, the patient if wishes can enjoy the vast
tourist destinations within India before returning to their home
country fully rejuvenated. (at an additional
cost)(ebranding/mum/ts/19)
Arman Health Care Facilitators
OUR OFFICE IN INDIA
422, Bonanza, 'B' Wing,Sahar Plaza Complex, Next to Kohinoor
Hotel,
Andheri Kurla Road, Andheri East Mumbai India 4000059.
Contact: land line No: ( 022-28387433 )
Email :enquiry@armancare.com
OUR OFFICE IN CONGO
Arman Health care Facilitators,Gallery Saint-Pierre, 36 local
UtexAfrica Advanced ,AV 374 VolonelMondjiba,Kinshasa /
Ngaliema,DRC Mobile : +243998290384

24. OUR OFFICE IN KENYA
Arman Health Care Facilitators C/O Doctor Pharma Kenya Limited
Vision Tower, Muthithi Road,
Westlands, Nairobi,Kenya.Contact: Telefax:(+254)722330329
Email : doctorpharmamt@gmail.com
Web:- http://www.armancare.com/eye_care.html
ebrandingindia_s21