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22 
TTEECCHHOONNOOLLOOGGYY SSEELLEECCTTIIOONN 
• Activated SSlluuddggee PPrroocceessss iiss tthhee mmoosstt uusseedd 
bbiioollooggiiccaall wwaassttee wwaatteerr ttrreeaattmmeenntt pprroocceessss iinn 
tthhee ddeevveellooppeedd aanndd ddeevveellooppiinngg ccoouunnttrriieess.. 
• DDuuee ttoo aaeerroobbiicc pprroocceessss iinn AAccttiivvaatteedd SSlluuddggee 
PPrroocceessss,, ppllaanntt hhaass lleessss ooddoorr//vveeccttoorr 
nnuuiissaannccee iinn ccoommppaarree ttoo aannaaeerroobbiicc ttyyppee 
pprroocceessss..
• Batch operation ooff tthhee aaccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee 
pprroocceessss iiss nnootthhiinngg nneeww.. AA SSeeqquueenncciinngg BBaattcchh 
RReeaaccttoorr ((SSBBRR)) iiss aa ffiillll aanndd ddrraaww aaccttiivvaatteedd 
ttrreeaattmmeenntt ssyysstteemm.. 
• AAss ssuucchh,, SSBBRR aarree ccaappaabbllee ooff hhaannddlliinngg aallll 
wwaassttee wwaatteerrss ccoommmmoonnllyy ttrreeaatteedd bbyy 
ccoonnvveennttiioonnaall aaccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee ppllaannttss.. 
MMuunniicciippaall aanndd iinndduussttrriiaall wwaassttee wwaatteerrss bbootthh 
hhaavvee bbeeeenn ssuucccceessssffuullllyy ttrreeaatteedd iinn SSBBRR 
ssyysstteemm.. 
33
• The unit process iinnvvoollvveedd iinn tthhee SSBBRR aanndd 
ccoonnvveennttiioonnaall aaccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee ssyysstteemmss aarree 
iiddeennttiiccaall.. 
• AAeerraattiioonn aanndd sseeddiimmeennttaattiioonn//ccllaarriiffiiccaattiioonn 
aarree ccoonnvveennttiioonnaall ppllaannttss pprroocceesssseess aarree 
ccaarrrriieedd oouutt ssiimmuullttaanneeoouussllyy iinn sseeppaarraattee 
ttaannkkss,, wwhheerreeaass iinn SSBBRR tthhee pprroocceesssseess aarree 
ccaarrrriieedd oouutt sseeqquueennttiiaallllyy iinn tthhee ssaammee ttaannkk.. 
44
• The SBR pprroocceessss iiss aallssoo rreeccoommmmeennddeedd 
ffoorr ssmmaallll ssccaallee sseewwaaggee ttrreeaattmmeenntt iinn 
CCPPHHEEEEOO MMaannuuaall,, bbuutt dduuee ttoo tthhee 
aaddvvaanncceemmeenntt iinn tteecchhnnoollooggyy iinn llaasstt 
ddeeccaaddee,, tthheessee ppllaannttss aarree vveerryy ffaavvoorraabbllee 
ffoorr mmeeddiiuumm ttoo llaarrggee ssccaallee sseewwaaggee 
ttrreeaattmmeenntt aapppplliiccaattiioonnss.. 
55
• Many large ssccaallee ppllaannttss wwoorrkkiinngg eeffffiicciieennttllyy 
aarroouunndd tthhee wwoorrlldd iinncclluuddiinngg IInnddiiaa bbaasseedd oonn 
ccyycclliicc aaccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee pprroocceessss//SSBBRR.. 
• 1122..55 MMLLDD PPWWDD ––GGooaa // 110000 MMLLDD NNMMMMCC,, 
aanndd mmoorree tthhaann 11220000 MMLLDD ppllaannttss aarree uupp 
ccoommiinngg iinn IInnddiiaa uunnddeerr vvaarriioouuss SScchheemmeess 
lliikkee JJNNRRUUMMMM,, UUIIDD,, NNRRCCDD//NNLLCCPP eettcc.. 
66
• NRCD is actively eennccoouurraaggiinngg tthhee eexxppeerrttss 
ttoo vviissiitt tthhee 1122..55 MMLLDD PPWWDD GGooaa ppllaanntt 
((BBaasseedd oonn CCyycclliicc AAccttiivvaatteedd SSlluuddggee 
PPrroocceessss//SSBBRR)) ttoo sseeee tthhee ppeerrffoorrmmaannccee bbyy 
ddiiffffeerreenntt ppeerrssppeeccttiivveess.. 
77
88 
CCOONNVVEENNTTIIOONNAALL RRAAWW SSEEWWAAGGEE 
RREECCEEIIVVIINNGG CCHHAAMMBBEERR 
CCOOAARRSSEE SSCCRREEEENN 
WWEETT WWEELLLL 
FFIINNEE SSCCRREEEENN 
GGRRIITT CCHHAAMMBBEERR 
AARREEAATTIIOONN TTAANNKK RREETTUURRNN SSLLUUDDGGEE PP//HH 
SSEECCOONNDDAARRYY CCLLAARRIIFFIIEERR SSLLUUDDGGEE SSUUMMPP 
CCHHLLOORRIINNAATTIIOONN TTAANNKK CCEENNTTRRIIFFUUGGEE 
TTRREEAATTEEDD SSEEWWAAGGEE FFOORR DDIISSPPOOSSAALL FFUULLLLYY DDIIGGEESSTTEEDD 
SSLLUUDDGGEE AASS MMAANNUURREE
99 
CCYYCCLLIICC RRAAWW SSEEWWAAGGEE 
RREECCEEIIVVIINNGG CCHHAAMMBBEERR 
CCOOAARRSSEE SSCCRREEEENN 
WWEETT WWEELLLL 
FFIINNEE SSCCRREEEENN 
GGRRIITT CCHHAAMMBBEERR 
CC--TTEECCHH SSLLUUDDGGEE SSUUMMPP 
CCHHLLOORRIINNAATTIIOONN CCEENNTTRRIIFFUUGGEE 
TTRREEAATTEEDD SSEEWWAAGGEE TTOO 
MMEEEETT RREECCYYCCLLEE NNOORRMMSS FFUULLLLYY DDIIGGEESSTTEEDD 
SSLLUUDDGGEE AASS MMAANNUURREE
• TThhiiss tteecchhnnoollooggyy uusseedd RRCCCC aaeerraattiioonn ttaannkk wwiitthh 
SSuurrffaaccee aaeerraattoorrss ttoo ooxxyyggeennaattee aanndd mmiixx tthhee 
eefffflluueenntt ccoonntteennttss.. 
• IItt iiss aa ccoonnttiinnuuoouuss pprroocceessss.. 
• TThhee ddeessiiggnn iiss aallwwaayyss ddoonnee ffoorr aa ppooiinntt llooaadd 
wwiitthh rreessppeecctt ttoo hhyyddrraauulliicc aass wweellll aass oorrggaanniicc 
llooaadd.. 
1100
• TThheerree iiss nnoo ccoonnttrrooll oonn pprroocceessss ppaarraammeetteerrss 
aanndd ppllaannttss nnoorrmmaallllyy wwoorrkk iinn mmaannuuaall mmooddee.. 
• IInn ccaassee nniittrriiffiiccaattiioonn,, ggeennttrriiffiiccaattiioonn aanndd BBiioo 
PPhhoosspphhoorroouuss rreemmoovvaall iiss rreeqquuiirreedd,, aaddddiittiioonnaall 
uunniitt nneeeedd ttoo bbee aaddddeedd.. 
1111
1122 
DESIGN BASIS 
The sewage Treatment Plant designed to treat the raw sewage in a single 
stage automatic C Tech Plant, based on Cyclic Activated Sludge Technology. 
A. Inlet Effluent Parameters 
IItteemm UUOOMM VVaalluueess 
FFlloowwss MMLLDD 
MM33//ddaayy 
4455 
4455000000 
PPeeaakk FFaaccttoorr 22..2255 
PPeeaakk FFllooww MMLLDD 
MM33//ddaayy 
110011..2255 
110011225500 
PPHH 66..55--77..55 
TToottaall SSuussppeennddeedd SSoolliiddss MMgg//ll 225500 
BBOODD MMgg//ll 220000 
CCOODD MMgg//ll 440000
1133 
DESIGN BASIS 
The plant is designed to produce the following Outputs for which a performance 
guarantee is provided. 
During commissioning trail for the plant, these parameters will be checked 
and validated . 
B. Outlet Characteristics 
IItteemm UUOOMM VVaalluueess 
PPHH 66..55--77..55 
TToottaall SSuussppeennddeedd SSoolliiddss mmgg//ll ≤≤ 1100 
BBOODD mmgg//ll ≤≤ 1100 
CCOODD mmgg//ll ≤≤ 110000 
SSlluuddggee ggeenneerraatteedd KKgg//ddaayy 77116666..2255
1144 
TREATMENT 
PHILOSOPHY 
Receiving of Sewage 
Raw sewage will be received into a Stilling 
Chamber from where it will be taken into 
downstream Fine Screens.
1155 
• Fine Screening Channels 
• Adequate Nos. of Mechanical along with Manual 
(standby) Fine Screens shall be provided 
upstream of treatment units for fine screening of 
sewage. The Fine Screens shall screen out most 
of the floating and oversized material more than 
6mm size such as plastic debris, weeds, paper, 
cloth, rags etc which could foul the downstream 
treatment unit. The Fine Screens shall be inclined 
Bar Screen of stainless steel flats. The screenings 
shall be dropped on a Conveyor provided above 
the top of the screen channel. The screening 
material as collected will drop automatically into a 
wheelbarrow for its disposal.
1166 
• DE- Gritting 
• Screened Sewage will gravitate to Grit 
Separator Tank for removal of grit and 
small inorganic particulate matter of 
specific gravity above 2.65 and particle 
size above 150 microns.
SBR/Cyclic Activated sludge process 
Primary treated sewage shall be fed into the 
Cyclic Activated Sludge Process/SBR Process 
Basins for biological treatment to remove BOD, 
COD and Suspended Solids. 
C Tech is a CYCLIC ACTIVAED SLUDGE 
TREAMENT process. it provides highest 
treatment efficiency possible in a single step 
biological process. 
1177
• The C TECH System is operated in a 
batch reactor mode. This eliminates all the 
inefficiencies of the continuous processes. 
A batch reactor is a perfect reactor, which 
ensures 100% treatment. Four modules 
are provided to ensure continuous 
treatment. The complete process place in 
a single reactor, within which all biological 
treatment steps takes place sequentially. 
1188
1199 
• No additional setting unit, Secondary 
Clarifier is required. 
• The complete biological operation is 
divided into cycles. Each cycle is of 3-5 
hrs duration, during which all treatment 
steps take place.
2200 
Explanation of Cyclic Operation 
A basic cycle comprise: 
Fill Aeration (F/A) 
Settling (S) 
Decanting (D) 
These phases in a sequence constitute a cycle, 
which is then repeated.
2211
2222
2233
2244
2255
2266
2277
C Tech is the most advanced Cyclic Effluent Treatment 
Technology in the Word. 
The technology is based on Activated Sludge Process 
adapted to Sequential Batch Reactor Technology. 
This technology was developed in the USA in the 80’s and 
has been adopted worldwide since 1990’s. 
There are more than 200 installations worldwide based on 
this technology. 
2288 
ADVANTAGES OF C TECH 
PROCESS
2299 
• Excellent Quality 
of Treated Effluent 
• The outlet 
characteristics 
obtained out of C 
Tech as compared to 
other technologies 
are: 
PPAARRAAMMEETTEE 
RR 
CC 
TTEECCHH 
CCOONNVVEENN 
TTIIOONNAALL 
BBOODD ≤≤ 1100 ≤≤ 3300 
CCOODD ≤≤ 110000 ≤≤ 225500 
TTSSSS ≤≤ 1100 ≤≤ 3300
3300 
The treated sewage out of C Tech is 6 times 
better than any conventional treatment. The C 
Tech plant has an inbuilt mechanism for Nitrification, DE 
nitrification and Biological Phosphorous Removal to 
degrade nutrient like Total Nitrogen (TN) and 
Phosphorous (TP). In case the treated sewage is 
discharged into a lake body, it is critical to 
have TN < 5 ppm and TM < 1 ppm, as otherwise 
these nutrients lead to massive algae / other 
aquatic plants growth which leads to depletion of the 
dissolved oxygen in the lake and subsequent 
cause extensive damage to the marine 
ecology.
• The C Tech process ensure removal of all nutrients to 
acceptable levels in the single stage biological process. 
• 50% reduction in POWER Consumption 
• C Tech uses 50% less power to get 6 times better outlet 
characteristic. Hence the plant has a payback period. 
• 50% reduction in Land Requirements 
• The main problem in Cities is the availability of Land. C 
Tech uses 50% less land area compared with other 
conventional technologies, thus saving huge amounts on 
purchase of land. 
3311
• Variable Design 
• The complete system is capable to handle 
variable flow and load conditions. The system is 
self adjusting in nature and automatically 
adjusts to the new feed conditions by changing 
cycle times, aeration intensity etc. each batch 
of sewage is analyzed wrt bio degradability and 
optimum treatment is automatically given to 
ensure minimum utilization of power and 
energy. 
3322
3333 
Fully Automatic, Computerized, 
Internet Controlled 
C Tech is fully automatic, computer 
controlled. This does not require any 
operator attention. The plant can be 
operated from anywhere in the world through 
Internet. This results in huge saving on 
manpower and operating costs.
• Excellent Material of Construction 
• C Tech uses all underwater mental parts in 
SS and non metallic parts in imported PVC. 
The diffusers are in EPDM and all Pumps, 
Instruments etc. are from the best 
manufactures worldwide. This result in a 
plant life 6 times better than conventional 
plants and very little maintenance costs. 
3344
3355 
Proved World Wide 
C Tech has installations in almost all 
countries in the worlds, Including, USA, UK, 
Germany, France, Austria, China, Russia, 
Australia, Thailand, Malaysia and most 
importantly India. 
The first C Tech plant is already operational 
in India at Panjim, Goa of capacity 28 MLD 
(Peak Flow) and 12.5 MLD (Average Flow).
• Capital and Operating Cost 
• C Tech requires the lowest investment 
and operating costs as compared to any 
other technology, when compared with 
respect to outlet parameters, MOC, Land 
required and Power consumend. 
3366
3377 
SSrr.. 
NNoo 
.. 
IItteemm CC TTEECCHH ssyysstteemm CCoonnvveennttiioonnaall AAccttiivvaatteedd 
sslluuddggee pprroocceessss 
11 DDeeggrreeee ooff 
ttrreeaattmmeenntt 
SSeewwaaggee ccaann bbee ttrreeaatteedd 
ttoo llooww--eenndd rreeccyyccllee 
qquuaalliittyy ooff ttuurrbbiiddiittyy <<1100 
nnttuu,, CCOODD <<2200 ppppmm,, 
BBOODD << 55 ppppmm,, TTNN << 11 
ppppmm iinn aa ssiinnggllee ssttaaggee ooff 
ttrreeaattmmeenntt uussiinngg BBaattcchh 
pprroocceessss.. TThhee ttrreeaatteedd 
sseewwaaggee ccaann bbee eeaassiillyy 
uusseedd ffoorr aapppplliiccaattiioonn lliikkee 
LLooww ddeeggrreeee ooff ttrreeaattmmeenntt iiss 
aacchhiieevveedd.. TThhee oouuttlleett qquuaalliittyy 
ffrroomm aaeerraatteedd llaaggoooonnss iiss 
ssuussppeennddeedd ssoolliiddss 5500 ppppmm,, 
CCOODD:: 225500 ppppmm,, BBOODD 3300 
PPPPMM.. NNoo iinnbbuuiilltt pprroovviissiioonn ffoorr 
rreemmoovvaall ooff TToottaall NNiittrrooggeenn 
aanndd PPhhoosspphhoorroouuss.. IInn ccaassee 
pprriimmaarryy ccllaarriiffiieerrss aarree 
pprroovviiddeedd,, sslluuddggee ddiiggeessttiioonn iiss 
aa mmuusstt,, wwhhiicchh ccaauusseess 
pprroobblleemmss ooff ooddoorr aanndd HHiigghh 
ccaappiittaall ccooaasstt
3388 
SSrr.. 
NNoo 
.. 
IItteemm CC TTEECCHH ssyysstteemm CCoonnvveennttiioonnaall AAccttiivvaatteedd 
sslluuddggee pprroocceessss 
HHoorrttiiccuullttuurree,, ffaarrmmiinngg,, 
ttooiilleett fflluusshhiinngg,, uussee aass 
ccoonnssttrruuccttiioonn wwaatteerr,, 
ccoooolliinngg wwaatteerr ffoorr AAiirr 
ccoonnddiittiioonneerrss iinn llaarrggee 
MMaallllss aanndd TThheeaatteerrss eettcc 
TThheerree iiss NNoo ooddoorr 
pprroobblleemm aass ccoommpplleettee 
pprroocceessss iiss aaeerroobbiicc aanndd 
ggeenneerraatteedd bbyy ffuullllyy 
ddiiggeesstteedd sslluuddggee,, wwhhiicchh 
iiss aann eexxcceelllleenntt mmaannuurree 
aanndd ccaann bbee ddiirreeccttllyy 
aapppplliieedd aass mmaannuurree ttoo 
ppllaannttss..
3399 
SSrr.. 
NNoo 
.. 
IItteemm CC TTEECCHH ssyysstteemm CCoonnvveennttiioonnaall AAccttiivvaatteedd 
sslluuddggee pprroocceessss 
22 FFllooww 
vvaarriiaattiioonn 
TThhee tteecchhnnoollooggyy ccaann ttaakkee 
aannyy ffllooww vvaarriiaattiioonn ffrroomm 00-- 
225500 %%.. TThhee ccoonnttrrooll 
pprrooggrraamm iiss ssiimmppllee mmeennuu 
ddrriivveenn.. IIttss ddeessiiggnn ccaann bbee 
cchhaannggeedd aass mmaannyy ttiimmeess 
aass rreeqquuiirreedd bbyy tthhee 
ooppeerraattoorr aatt tthhee ttoouucchh ooff aa 
bbuuttttoonn.. 
IItt iiss aa ppooiinntt llooaadd ddeessiiggnn.. TThhee 
ddeessiiggnn ccaannnnoott hhaannddllee aannyy 
ffllooww vvaarriiaattiioonn,, wwhhiicchh iiss 
eexxppeecctteedd ffoorr aannyy llaarrggee--ssccaallee 
cciittyy sseewwaaggee ssyysstteemm.. 
NNoorrmmaallllyy 00--225500%% ffllooww 
vvaarriiaattiioonn iiss pprreesseenntt ffoorr aannyy 
sseewwaaggee ttrreeaattmmeenntt ppllaanntt..
4400 
SSrr.. 
NNoo 
.. 
IItteemm CC TTEECCHH ssyysstteemm CCoonnvveennttiioonnaall AAccttiivvaatteedd 
sslluuddggee pprroocceessss 
33 SSppaaccee 
rreeqquuiirreemmeenntt 
CC TTEECCHH uusseess ddeeeepp RRCCCC 
ttaannkkss,, wwiitthh ddiiffffuusseedd 
aaeerraattiioonn mmeecchhaanniissmm,, 
wwhhiicchh ddrraassttiiccaallllyy rreedduucceess 
tthhee ssppaaccee rreeqquuiirreemmeenntt.. 
AAss tthhiiss pprroocceessss eesssseennttiiaallllyy 
nneeeeddss sseeccoonnddaarryy ccllaarriiffiieerrss,, 
mmiinniimmuumm 4400--5500%% mmoorree 
aarreeaa iiss nneeeedd.. 
44 SSaavviinnggss oonn 
aaccccoouunntt ooff 
ppoowweerr 
ccoonnssuummppttiioonn 
TThhee CCyycclliicc aaccttiivvaatteedd 
sslluuddggee tteecchhnnoollooggyy hhaass aa 
vveerryy llooww ppoowweerr 
ccoonnssuummppttiioonn ooff oonnllyy 7700 
ppaaiissee ppeerr mm33 ooff rraaww 
sseewwaaggee 
TThhiiss tteecchhnnoollooggyy ddeeppeennddss 
oonn iinneeffffiicciieenntt ssuurrffaaccee 
aaeerraattoorr tteecchhnnoollooggyy aanndd 
uusseess mmiinniimmuumm 44 RRss //mm33 ooff 
ttrreeaatteedd sseewwaaggee aass aavveerraaggee 
ppoowweerr ccoonnssuummppttiioonn..
4411 
SSrr.. 
NNoo 
.. 
IItteemm CC TTEECCHH ssyysstteemm CCoonnvveennttiioonnaall AAccttiivvaatteedd 
sslluuddggee pprroocceessss 
55 FFuullllyy 
aauuttoommaattiicc 
tteecchhnnoollooggyy 
TThhee ccoommpplleettee pprroocceessss 
iiss ffuullllyy aauuttoommaattiicc aanndd 
ccaann bbee mmoonniittoorreedd aanndd 
ooppeerraatteedd ffrroomm aannyy 
wwhheerree iinn tthhee wwoorrlldd 
uussiinngg iinntteerrnneett 
ccoonnnneeccttiivviittyy.. AAllll pprroocceessss 
ppaarraammeetteerrss aarree 
ccoonnttrroolllleedd ttoo pprroovviiddee 
ccoonnssiisstteenntt aanndd uuttmmoosstt 
ttrreeaattmmeenntt uussiinngg lloowweesstt 
ppoowweerr.. TThhee ppllaanntt ccaann 
aauuttoommaattiiccaallllyy sshhuutt ooffff 
dduurriinngg llooww//nniill 
NNoo ccoonnttrrooll oonn aannyy pprroocceessss 
ppaarraammeetteerrss.. TThhee ppllaannttss 
rruunnss ccoonnttiinnuuoouussllyy aatt aallll 
ttiimmeess iinncclluuddiinngg llooww ffllooww// 
NNiill ffllooww ccoonnddiittiioonnss aanndd 
tthhuuss hhaass vveerryy hhiigghh ppoowweerr 
ccoonnssuummppttiioonn.. AAllll 
ooppeerraattiioonnss aarree mmaannuuaall.. 
TThheerree aarree ccoonnssttaanntt 
pprroobblleemmss ooff bbuullkkiinngg aanndd 
rriissiinngg sslluuddggee..
4422 
SSrr.. 
NNoo.. 
IItteemm CC TTEECCHH ssyysstteemm CCoonnvveennttiioonnaall AAccttiivvaatteedd 
sslluuddggee pprroocceessss 
ffllooww ccoonnddiittiioonnss aanndd ccaann 
aauuttoommaattiiccaallllyy aaddjjuusstt 
ppoowweerr ccoonnssuummppttiioonn 
pprrooppoorrttiioonnaall ttoo pprreesseenntt 
ffllooww rraattee aanndd 
ccoonncceennttrraattiioonn ooff 
ppoolllluuttaanntt llooaadd.. TThhiiss 
ddrraassttiiccaallllyy rreedduucceess 
66 FFuuttuurree ppoowweerr ccoonnssuummppttiioonn.. 
AAuuggmmeennttaattiioonn 
AAddddiinngg eexxttrraa bbaassiinnss ffoorr 
aannyy ffuuttuurree ffllooww ccaann 
eeaassiillyy aauuggmmeenntt tthhee 
ppllaanntt ccaappaacciittyy.. TThhee 
ssaammee PPLLCC aanndd pprrooggrraamm 
ccaann bbee eeaassiillyy aaddaapptteedd 
ttoo ffuuttuurree fflloowwss.. 
CCoommpplleettee nneeww ssyysstteemm 
iiss rreeqquuiirreedd ttoo bbee 
ccoonnssttrruucctteedd ffoorr 
aaddddiittiioonnaall 
aauuggmmeennttaattiioonn
AADDVVAANNTTAAGGEESS OOFF CCYYCCLLIICC AACCTTIIVVAATTEEDD 
SSLLUUDDGGEE PPRROOCCEESSSS((SSUUMMMMAARRYY)):: 
• RReeqquuiirreess MMiinniimmuumm SSppaaccee 
• RReeqquuiirreess MMiinniimmuumm EEnneerrggyy ffoorr ttrreeaattmmeenntt ooff 
sseewwaaggee 
• RReeqquuiirreess MMiinniimmuumm MMaann PPoowweerr ffoorr 
ttrreeaattmmeenntt ooff sseewwaaggee 
• RReeqquuiirreess MMiinniimmuumm MMaaiinntteennaannccee CCoosstt 
• EExxcceelllleenntt TTrreeaatteedd wwaatteerr qquuaalliittyy ccaann bbee 
rreeccyycclleedd.. 
4433
• CCoonnttrroolllleedd ssyysstteemm pprroovviiddeedd hhiigghh fflleexxiibbiilliittyy 
aanndd ssiimmpplliiffiieedd ppootteennttiiaall ooff eexxppaannssiioonn.. 
• AA ssppeecciiaall aabbiilliittyy ttoo hhaannddllee eexxttrreemmeellyy hhiigghh 
oorrggaanniicc aanndd hhyyddrraauulliicc sshhoocckk llooaaddss,, MMoorree tthhaann 
9955%% BBOODD rreemmoovvaall.. 
• WWoorrllddwwiiddee ((iinncclluuddiinngg IInnddiiaa)) pprroovveenn aanndd 
rreelliiaabbllee.. PPrroocceessssiinngg fflloowwss rraannggiinngg ffrroomm 4400 
mm33// DDaayy ttoo 552200000000 MM33//DDaayy 
4444
4455 
PPLLAANNTT CCAAPPAACCIITTYY::4455 MMLLDD 
SSrr.. 
NNoo.. 
PPaarraammeetteerr CC TTEECCHH AASSPP 
11 CCAAPPIITTAALL CCOOSSTT 
AA CCaappiittaall ccoosstt ((RRss.. LLaaccss)) 22997700 22447755 
BB LLaanndd rreeqquuiirreemmeenntt ((HHaa)) 11..22 22..1166 
CC LLaanndd RRaattee ((RRss ppeerr MM22)) ((AAssssuummeedd)) 88000000 88000000 
DD LLaanndd ccoosstt ((RRss LLaaccss)) 996600 11772288 
EE TToottaall CCaappiittaall ccoosstt ((AA ++ DD)) ((RRss.. LLaaccss)) 33993300 44220033 
22 OOPPEERRAATTIINNGG CCOOSSTT 
FF OO && MM CCoosstt ((RRss ppeerr MM33)) 00..99 11..77 
GG OO && MM CCoosstt ((RRss LLaaccss ppeerr aannnnuumm)) 114477..88 227799..22 
HH OO && MM CCoosstt ffoorr 1155 yyeeaarrss ((RRss LLaaccss)) 22221177..44 44118888..44 
33 LLIIFFEE CCYYCCLLEE CCOOSSTT 
II LLiiffee CCyyccllee CCoosstt ((EE ++ HH)) ((RRss LLaaccss)) 66114477..44 88339911..44 
JJ SSaavviinngg wwiitthh CC TTeecchh ((RRss LLaaccss)) 22224444
4466
4477 
List of C-Tech Plants in India 
Name of User Location Capacity Sector Present Status 
Indore Municipal Corporation Indore 245 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Madurai Municipal Corporation Avaniapuram 125 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Thane Municipal Corporation Kopri 120 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Punjab Water Supply and Sewerage 
Ludhiana 105 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Board 
Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation Nerul 100 MLD Sewage Operational 
Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation Vashi 100 MLD Sewage Operational 
Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation Airoli 80 MLD Sewage Operational 
City Infrastructure Development Corpn. 
(CIDCO) 
Kamothe 85 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
City Infrastructure Development Corpn. 
(CIDCO) 
Kharghar 70 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Coimbatore Municipal Corporation Ukkadam 70 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Pimpri Cinchwad Municipal Corporation Charholi 60 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Ghaziabad Development Authority Indrapuram 56 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Ghaziabad Development Authority Govindpuram 56 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Ghaziabad Development Authority Dudhera 56 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply 
and Sewerage Board 
Attapur 51 MLD Sewage Under construction.
4488 
New Okhla Industrial Development 
Authority 
Noida 50 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Punjab Water Supply and Sewerage 
Board 
Ludhiana 50 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Madurai Municipal Corporation Sakkimangalam 45.7 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Pune Municipal Corporation Mundhwa 45 MLD Sewage Operational 
National Building Construction Corpn 
Faridabad 45 MLD Sewage Under construction 
Ltd 
Coimbatore Municipal Corporation Nanjundapuram 40 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Pimpri Cinchwad Municipal Corporation Kasarwadi 40 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
New Okhla Industrial Development 
Noida 35 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Authority 
New Okhla Industrial Development 
Authority 
Noida 33 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Pimpri Cinchwad Municipal Corporation Akurdi 30 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Pune Municipal Corporation, Pune Baner 30 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
Pimpri Cinchwad Municipal Corporation Cinchwad 30 MLD Sewage Operational 
City Infrastructure Development Corpn. 
Ghansoli 30 MLD Sewage Under construction 
(CIDCO) 
Uttaranchal Peyjal Nigam Haridwar 27 MLD Sewage Under construction.
4499 
1. City Infrastructure Development Corpn. 
(CIDCO) 
Kharghar 25 MLD Sewage Operational 
2. New Okhla Industrial Development 
Authority 
Noida 25 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
3. Punjab Water Supply and Sewerage 
Board 
Jalandhar 25 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
4. Pimpri Cinchwad Municipal Corporation Rawet 20 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
5. Lucknow Development Authority Lucknow 15 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
6. Pimpri Cinchwad Municipal Corporation Shangavi 20 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
7. Public Works Department, Goa Panjim 12.5 MLD Sewage Operational 
8. Punjab Water Supply and Sewerage 
Board 
Samana 10 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
9. Uttaranchal Peyjal Nigam Haridwar 3 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
10. Goa Medical College Goa 1.3 MLD Sewage Operational 
11. Rajiv Gandhi IT Habitat Goa 0.3 MLD 
0.6 MLD 
0.6 MLD 
Sewage Under construction. 
12. Goa State Industrial Dev. Corpn. Goa 0.8 MLD Sewage Under construction. 
TEXTILES 
13. Textile Common Effluent Treatment Surat 100 MLD Textile Under construction. 
14. Gujarat Eco Textile Park Ltd. Surat 60 MLD Textile Under construction. 
REFINERY 
15. Hindustan Petroleum Corpn. Ltd. Vizag 4.3 MLD Refinery Under construction. 
16. Hindustan Petroleum Corpn. Ltd. Mumbai 7.2 MLD Refinery Under construction. 
17. Bina Refinery Bina 9 MLD Refinery Under construction. 
PHARMA 
18. Jawaharlal Nehru Pharma City Vizag 3.5 MLD Pharma Operational
5500
5511
5522
C-Tech Plant at Kharghar, Navi Mumbai with Avg. 
5533 
flow 25mld and Peak flow 62.5mld
5544 
C-Tech Plant at Nerul, Navi Mumbai with Avg. 
flow 100mld and Peak flow 225mld
5555 
C-Tech Plant at Chinchwad, Pune with Avg. 
flow 30mld and Peak flow 60mld
5566 
TTHHEE EENNDD

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Comparative study of cyclic activated sludge and conventional activated sludge process

  • 1. 22 TTEECCHHOONNOOLLOOGGYY SSEELLEECCTTIIOONN • Activated SSlluuddggee PPrroocceessss iiss tthhee mmoosstt uusseedd bbiioollooggiiccaall wwaassttee wwaatteerr ttrreeaattmmeenntt pprroocceessss iinn tthhee ddeevveellooppeedd aanndd ddeevveellooppiinngg ccoouunnttrriieess.. • DDuuee ttoo aaeerroobbiicc pprroocceessss iinn AAccttiivvaatteedd SSlluuddggee PPrroocceessss,, ppllaanntt hhaass lleessss ooddoorr//vveeccttoorr nnuuiissaannccee iinn ccoommppaarree ttoo aannaaeerroobbiicc ttyyppee pprroocceessss..
  • 2. • Batch operation ooff tthhee aaccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee pprroocceessss iiss nnootthhiinngg nneeww.. AA SSeeqquueenncciinngg BBaattcchh RReeaaccttoorr ((SSBBRR)) iiss aa ffiillll aanndd ddrraaww aaccttiivvaatteedd ttrreeaattmmeenntt ssyysstteemm.. • AAss ssuucchh,, SSBBRR aarree ccaappaabbllee ooff hhaannddlliinngg aallll wwaassttee wwaatteerrss ccoommmmoonnllyy ttrreeaatteedd bbyy ccoonnvveennttiioonnaall aaccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee ppllaannttss.. MMuunniicciippaall aanndd iinndduussttrriiaall wwaassttee wwaatteerrss bbootthh hhaavvee bbeeeenn ssuucccceessssffuullllyy ttrreeaatteedd iinn SSBBRR ssyysstteemm.. 33
  • 3. • The unit process iinnvvoollvveedd iinn tthhee SSBBRR aanndd ccoonnvveennttiioonnaall aaccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee ssyysstteemmss aarree iiddeennttiiccaall.. • AAeerraattiioonn aanndd sseeddiimmeennttaattiioonn//ccllaarriiffiiccaattiioonn aarree ccoonnvveennttiioonnaall ppllaannttss pprroocceesssseess aarree ccaarrrriieedd oouutt ssiimmuullttaanneeoouussllyy iinn sseeppaarraattee ttaannkkss,, wwhheerreeaass iinn SSBBRR tthhee pprroocceesssseess aarree ccaarrrriieedd oouutt sseeqquueennttiiaallllyy iinn tthhee ssaammee ttaannkk.. 44
  • 4. • The SBR pprroocceessss iiss aallssoo rreeccoommmmeennddeedd ffoorr ssmmaallll ssccaallee sseewwaaggee ttrreeaattmmeenntt iinn CCPPHHEEEEOO MMaannuuaall,, bbuutt dduuee ttoo tthhee aaddvvaanncceemmeenntt iinn tteecchhnnoollooggyy iinn llaasstt ddeeccaaddee,, tthheessee ppllaannttss aarree vveerryy ffaavvoorraabbllee ffoorr mmeeddiiuumm ttoo llaarrggee ssccaallee sseewwaaggee ttrreeaattmmeenntt aapppplliiccaattiioonnss.. 55
  • 5. • Many large ssccaallee ppllaannttss wwoorrkkiinngg eeffffiicciieennttllyy aarroouunndd tthhee wwoorrlldd iinncclluuddiinngg IInnddiiaa bbaasseedd oonn ccyycclliicc aaccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee pprroocceessss//SSBBRR.. • 1122..55 MMLLDD PPWWDD ––GGooaa // 110000 MMLLDD NNMMMMCC,, aanndd mmoorree tthhaann 11220000 MMLLDD ppllaannttss aarree uupp ccoommiinngg iinn IInnddiiaa uunnddeerr vvaarriioouuss SScchheemmeess lliikkee JJNNRRUUMMMM,, UUIIDD,, NNRRCCDD//NNLLCCPP eettcc.. 66
  • 6. • NRCD is actively eennccoouurraaggiinngg tthhee eexxppeerrttss ttoo vviissiitt tthhee 1122..55 MMLLDD PPWWDD GGooaa ppllaanntt ((BBaasseedd oonn CCyycclliicc AAccttiivvaatteedd SSlluuddggee PPrroocceessss//SSBBRR)) ttoo sseeee tthhee ppeerrffoorrmmaannccee bbyy ddiiffffeerreenntt ppeerrssppeeccttiivveess.. 77
  • 7. 88 CCOONNVVEENNTTIIOONNAALL RRAAWW SSEEWWAAGGEE RREECCEEIIVVIINNGG CCHHAAMMBBEERR CCOOAARRSSEE SSCCRREEEENN WWEETT WWEELLLL FFIINNEE SSCCRREEEENN GGRRIITT CCHHAAMMBBEERR AARREEAATTIIOONN TTAANNKK RREETTUURRNN SSLLUUDDGGEE PP//HH SSEECCOONNDDAARRYY CCLLAARRIIFFIIEERR SSLLUUDDGGEE SSUUMMPP CCHHLLOORRIINNAATTIIOONN TTAANNKK CCEENNTTRRIIFFUUGGEE TTRREEAATTEEDD SSEEWWAAGGEE FFOORR DDIISSPPOOSSAALL FFUULLLLYY DDIIGGEESSTTEEDD SSLLUUDDGGEE AASS MMAANNUURREE
  • 8. 99 CCYYCCLLIICC RRAAWW SSEEWWAAGGEE RREECCEEIIVVIINNGG CCHHAAMMBBEERR CCOOAARRSSEE SSCCRREEEENN WWEETT WWEELLLL FFIINNEE SSCCRREEEENN GGRRIITT CCHHAAMMBBEERR CC--TTEECCHH SSLLUUDDGGEE SSUUMMPP CCHHLLOORRIINNAATTIIOONN CCEENNTTRRIIFFUUGGEE TTRREEAATTEEDD SSEEWWAAGGEE TTOO MMEEEETT RREECCYYCCLLEE NNOORRMMSS FFUULLLLYY DDIIGGEESSTTEEDD SSLLUUDDGGEE AASS MMAANNUURREE
  • 9. • TThhiiss tteecchhnnoollooggyy uusseedd RRCCCC aaeerraattiioonn ttaannkk wwiitthh SSuurrffaaccee aaeerraattoorrss ttoo ooxxyyggeennaattee aanndd mmiixx tthhee eefffflluueenntt ccoonntteennttss.. • IItt iiss aa ccoonnttiinnuuoouuss pprroocceessss.. • TThhee ddeessiiggnn iiss aallwwaayyss ddoonnee ffoorr aa ppooiinntt llooaadd wwiitthh rreessppeecctt ttoo hhyyddrraauulliicc aass wweellll aass oorrggaanniicc llooaadd.. 1100
  • 10. • TThheerree iiss nnoo ccoonnttrrooll oonn pprroocceessss ppaarraammeetteerrss aanndd ppllaannttss nnoorrmmaallllyy wwoorrkk iinn mmaannuuaall mmooddee.. • IInn ccaassee nniittrriiffiiccaattiioonn,, ggeennttrriiffiiccaattiioonn aanndd BBiioo PPhhoosspphhoorroouuss rreemmoovvaall iiss rreeqquuiirreedd,, aaddddiittiioonnaall uunniitt nneeeedd ttoo bbee aaddddeedd.. 1111
  • 11. 1122 DESIGN BASIS The sewage Treatment Plant designed to treat the raw sewage in a single stage automatic C Tech Plant, based on Cyclic Activated Sludge Technology. A. Inlet Effluent Parameters IItteemm UUOOMM VVaalluueess FFlloowwss MMLLDD MM33//ddaayy 4455 4455000000 PPeeaakk FFaaccttoorr 22..2255 PPeeaakk FFllooww MMLLDD MM33//ddaayy 110011..2255 110011225500 PPHH 66..55--77..55 TToottaall SSuussppeennddeedd SSoolliiddss MMgg//ll 225500 BBOODD MMgg//ll 220000 CCOODD MMgg//ll 440000
  • 12. 1133 DESIGN BASIS The plant is designed to produce the following Outputs for which a performance guarantee is provided. During commissioning trail for the plant, these parameters will be checked and validated . B. Outlet Characteristics IItteemm UUOOMM VVaalluueess PPHH 66..55--77..55 TToottaall SSuussppeennddeedd SSoolliiddss mmgg//ll ≤≤ 1100 BBOODD mmgg//ll ≤≤ 1100 CCOODD mmgg//ll ≤≤ 110000 SSlluuddggee ggeenneerraatteedd KKgg//ddaayy 77116666..2255
  • 13. 1144 TREATMENT PHILOSOPHY Receiving of Sewage Raw sewage will be received into a Stilling Chamber from where it will be taken into downstream Fine Screens.
  • 14. 1155 • Fine Screening Channels • Adequate Nos. of Mechanical along with Manual (standby) Fine Screens shall be provided upstream of treatment units for fine screening of sewage. The Fine Screens shall screen out most of the floating and oversized material more than 6mm size such as plastic debris, weeds, paper, cloth, rags etc which could foul the downstream treatment unit. The Fine Screens shall be inclined Bar Screen of stainless steel flats. The screenings shall be dropped on a Conveyor provided above the top of the screen channel. The screening material as collected will drop automatically into a wheelbarrow for its disposal.
  • 15. 1166 • DE- Gritting • Screened Sewage will gravitate to Grit Separator Tank for removal of grit and small inorganic particulate matter of specific gravity above 2.65 and particle size above 150 microns.
  • 16. SBR/Cyclic Activated sludge process Primary treated sewage shall be fed into the Cyclic Activated Sludge Process/SBR Process Basins for biological treatment to remove BOD, COD and Suspended Solids. C Tech is a CYCLIC ACTIVAED SLUDGE TREAMENT process. it provides highest treatment efficiency possible in a single step biological process. 1177
  • 17. • The C TECH System is operated in a batch reactor mode. This eliminates all the inefficiencies of the continuous processes. A batch reactor is a perfect reactor, which ensures 100% treatment. Four modules are provided to ensure continuous treatment. The complete process place in a single reactor, within which all biological treatment steps takes place sequentially. 1188
  • 18. 1199 • No additional setting unit, Secondary Clarifier is required. • The complete biological operation is divided into cycles. Each cycle is of 3-5 hrs duration, during which all treatment steps take place.
  • 19. 2200 Explanation of Cyclic Operation A basic cycle comprise: Fill Aeration (F/A) Settling (S) Decanting (D) These phases in a sequence constitute a cycle, which is then repeated.
  • 20. 2211
  • 21. 2222
  • 22. 2233
  • 23. 2244
  • 24. 2255
  • 25. 2266
  • 26. 2277
  • 27. C Tech is the most advanced Cyclic Effluent Treatment Technology in the Word. The technology is based on Activated Sludge Process adapted to Sequential Batch Reactor Technology. This technology was developed in the USA in the 80’s and has been adopted worldwide since 1990’s. There are more than 200 installations worldwide based on this technology. 2288 ADVANTAGES OF C TECH PROCESS
  • 28. 2299 • Excellent Quality of Treated Effluent • The outlet characteristics obtained out of C Tech as compared to other technologies are: PPAARRAAMMEETTEE RR CC TTEECCHH CCOONNVVEENN TTIIOONNAALL BBOODD ≤≤ 1100 ≤≤ 3300 CCOODD ≤≤ 110000 ≤≤ 225500 TTSSSS ≤≤ 1100 ≤≤ 3300
  • 29. 3300 The treated sewage out of C Tech is 6 times better than any conventional treatment. The C Tech plant has an inbuilt mechanism for Nitrification, DE nitrification and Biological Phosphorous Removal to degrade nutrient like Total Nitrogen (TN) and Phosphorous (TP). In case the treated sewage is discharged into a lake body, it is critical to have TN < 5 ppm and TM < 1 ppm, as otherwise these nutrients lead to massive algae / other aquatic plants growth which leads to depletion of the dissolved oxygen in the lake and subsequent cause extensive damage to the marine ecology.
  • 30. • The C Tech process ensure removal of all nutrients to acceptable levels in the single stage biological process. • 50% reduction in POWER Consumption • C Tech uses 50% less power to get 6 times better outlet characteristic. Hence the plant has a payback period. • 50% reduction in Land Requirements • The main problem in Cities is the availability of Land. C Tech uses 50% less land area compared with other conventional technologies, thus saving huge amounts on purchase of land. 3311
  • 31. • Variable Design • The complete system is capable to handle variable flow and load conditions. The system is self adjusting in nature and automatically adjusts to the new feed conditions by changing cycle times, aeration intensity etc. each batch of sewage is analyzed wrt bio degradability and optimum treatment is automatically given to ensure minimum utilization of power and energy. 3322
  • 32. 3333 Fully Automatic, Computerized, Internet Controlled C Tech is fully automatic, computer controlled. This does not require any operator attention. The plant can be operated from anywhere in the world through Internet. This results in huge saving on manpower and operating costs.
  • 33. • Excellent Material of Construction • C Tech uses all underwater mental parts in SS and non metallic parts in imported PVC. The diffusers are in EPDM and all Pumps, Instruments etc. are from the best manufactures worldwide. This result in a plant life 6 times better than conventional plants and very little maintenance costs. 3344
  • 34. 3355 Proved World Wide C Tech has installations in almost all countries in the worlds, Including, USA, UK, Germany, France, Austria, China, Russia, Australia, Thailand, Malaysia and most importantly India. The first C Tech plant is already operational in India at Panjim, Goa of capacity 28 MLD (Peak Flow) and 12.5 MLD (Average Flow).
  • 35. • Capital and Operating Cost • C Tech requires the lowest investment and operating costs as compared to any other technology, when compared with respect to outlet parameters, MOC, Land required and Power consumend. 3366
  • 36. 3377 SSrr.. NNoo .. IItteemm CC TTEECCHH ssyysstteemm CCoonnvveennttiioonnaall AAccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee pprroocceessss 11 DDeeggrreeee ooff ttrreeaattmmeenntt SSeewwaaggee ccaann bbee ttrreeaatteedd ttoo llooww--eenndd rreeccyyccllee qquuaalliittyy ooff ttuurrbbiiddiittyy <<1100 nnttuu,, CCOODD <<2200 ppppmm,, BBOODD << 55 ppppmm,, TTNN << 11 ppppmm iinn aa ssiinnggllee ssttaaggee ooff ttrreeaattmmeenntt uussiinngg BBaattcchh pprroocceessss.. TThhee ttrreeaatteedd sseewwaaggee ccaann bbee eeaassiillyy uusseedd ffoorr aapppplliiccaattiioonn lliikkee LLooww ddeeggrreeee ooff ttrreeaattmmeenntt iiss aacchhiieevveedd.. TThhee oouuttlleett qquuaalliittyy ffrroomm aaeerraatteedd llaaggoooonnss iiss ssuussppeennddeedd ssoolliiddss 5500 ppppmm,, CCOODD:: 225500 ppppmm,, BBOODD 3300 PPPPMM.. NNoo iinnbbuuiilltt pprroovviissiioonn ffoorr rreemmoovvaall ooff TToottaall NNiittrrooggeenn aanndd PPhhoosspphhoorroouuss.. IInn ccaassee pprriimmaarryy ccllaarriiffiieerrss aarree pprroovviiddeedd,, sslluuddggee ddiiggeessttiioonn iiss aa mmuusstt,, wwhhiicchh ccaauusseess pprroobblleemmss ooff ooddoorr aanndd HHiigghh ccaappiittaall ccooaasstt
  • 37. 3388 SSrr.. NNoo .. IItteemm CC TTEECCHH ssyysstteemm CCoonnvveennttiioonnaall AAccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee pprroocceessss HHoorrttiiccuullttuurree,, ffaarrmmiinngg,, ttooiilleett fflluusshhiinngg,, uussee aass ccoonnssttrruuccttiioonn wwaatteerr,, ccoooolliinngg wwaatteerr ffoorr AAiirr ccoonnddiittiioonneerrss iinn llaarrggee MMaallllss aanndd TThheeaatteerrss eettcc TThheerree iiss NNoo ooddoorr pprroobblleemm aass ccoommpplleettee pprroocceessss iiss aaeerroobbiicc aanndd ggeenneerraatteedd bbyy ffuullllyy ddiiggeesstteedd sslluuddggee,, wwhhiicchh iiss aann eexxcceelllleenntt mmaannuurree aanndd ccaann bbee ddiirreeccttllyy aapppplliieedd aass mmaannuurree ttoo ppllaannttss..
  • 38. 3399 SSrr.. NNoo .. IItteemm CC TTEECCHH ssyysstteemm CCoonnvveennttiioonnaall AAccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee pprroocceessss 22 FFllooww vvaarriiaattiioonn TThhee tteecchhnnoollooggyy ccaann ttaakkee aannyy ffllooww vvaarriiaattiioonn ffrroomm 00-- 225500 %%.. TThhee ccoonnttrrooll pprrooggrraamm iiss ssiimmppllee mmeennuu ddrriivveenn.. IIttss ddeessiiggnn ccaann bbee cchhaannggeedd aass mmaannyy ttiimmeess aass rreeqquuiirreedd bbyy tthhee ooppeerraattoorr aatt tthhee ttoouucchh ooff aa bbuuttttoonn.. IItt iiss aa ppooiinntt llooaadd ddeessiiggnn.. TThhee ddeessiiggnn ccaannnnoott hhaannddllee aannyy ffllooww vvaarriiaattiioonn,, wwhhiicchh iiss eexxppeecctteedd ffoorr aannyy llaarrggee--ssccaallee cciittyy sseewwaaggee ssyysstteemm.. NNoorrmmaallllyy 00--225500%% ffllooww vvaarriiaattiioonn iiss pprreesseenntt ffoorr aannyy sseewwaaggee ttrreeaattmmeenntt ppllaanntt..
  • 39. 4400 SSrr.. NNoo .. IItteemm CC TTEECCHH ssyysstteemm CCoonnvveennttiioonnaall AAccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee pprroocceessss 33 SSppaaccee rreeqquuiirreemmeenntt CC TTEECCHH uusseess ddeeeepp RRCCCC ttaannkkss,, wwiitthh ddiiffffuusseedd aaeerraattiioonn mmeecchhaanniissmm,, wwhhiicchh ddrraassttiiccaallllyy rreedduucceess tthhee ssppaaccee rreeqquuiirreemmeenntt.. AAss tthhiiss pprroocceessss eesssseennttiiaallllyy nneeeeddss sseeccoonnddaarryy ccllaarriiffiieerrss,, mmiinniimmuumm 4400--5500%% mmoorree aarreeaa iiss nneeeedd.. 44 SSaavviinnggss oonn aaccccoouunntt ooff ppoowweerr ccoonnssuummppttiioonn TThhee CCyycclliicc aaccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee tteecchhnnoollooggyy hhaass aa vveerryy llooww ppoowweerr ccoonnssuummppttiioonn ooff oonnllyy 7700 ppaaiissee ppeerr mm33 ooff rraaww sseewwaaggee TThhiiss tteecchhnnoollooggyy ddeeppeennddss oonn iinneeffffiicciieenntt ssuurrffaaccee aaeerraattoorr tteecchhnnoollooggyy aanndd uusseess mmiinniimmuumm 44 RRss //mm33 ooff ttrreeaatteedd sseewwaaggee aass aavveerraaggee ppoowweerr ccoonnssuummppttiioonn..
  • 40. 4411 SSrr.. NNoo .. IItteemm CC TTEECCHH ssyysstteemm CCoonnvveennttiioonnaall AAccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee pprroocceessss 55 FFuullllyy aauuttoommaattiicc tteecchhnnoollooggyy TThhee ccoommpplleettee pprroocceessss iiss ffuullllyy aauuttoommaattiicc aanndd ccaann bbee mmoonniittoorreedd aanndd ooppeerraatteedd ffrroomm aannyy wwhheerree iinn tthhee wwoorrlldd uussiinngg iinntteerrnneett ccoonnnneeccttiivviittyy.. AAllll pprroocceessss ppaarraammeetteerrss aarree ccoonnttrroolllleedd ttoo pprroovviiddee ccoonnssiisstteenntt aanndd uuttmmoosstt ttrreeaattmmeenntt uussiinngg lloowweesstt ppoowweerr.. TThhee ppllaanntt ccaann aauuttoommaattiiccaallllyy sshhuutt ooffff dduurriinngg llooww//nniill NNoo ccoonnttrrooll oonn aannyy pprroocceessss ppaarraammeetteerrss.. TThhee ppllaannttss rruunnss ccoonnttiinnuuoouussllyy aatt aallll ttiimmeess iinncclluuddiinngg llooww ffllooww// NNiill ffllooww ccoonnddiittiioonnss aanndd tthhuuss hhaass vveerryy hhiigghh ppoowweerr ccoonnssuummppttiioonn.. AAllll ooppeerraattiioonnss aarree mmaannuuaall.. TThheerree aarree ccoonnssttaanntt pprroobblleemmss ooff bbuullkkiinngg aanndd rriissiinngg sslluuddggee..
  • 41. 4422 SSrr.. NNoo.. IItteemm CC TTEECCHH ssyysstteemm CCoonnvveennttiioonnaall AAccttiivvaatteedd sslluuddggee pprroocceessss ffllooww ccoonnddiittiioonnss aanndd ccaann aauuttoommaattiiccaallllyy aaddjjuusstt ppoowweerr ccoonnssuummppttiioonn pprrooppoorrttiioonnaall ttoo pprreesseenntt ffllooww rraattee aanndd ccoonncceennttrraattiioonn ooff ppoolllluuttaanntt llooaadd.. TThhiiss ddrraassttiiccaallllyy rreedduucceess 66 FFuuttuurree ppoowweerr ccoonnssuummppttiioonn.. AAuuggmmeennttaattiioonn AAddddiinngg eexxttrraa bbaassiinnss ffoorr aannyy ffuuttuurree ffllooww ccaann eeaassiillyy aauuggmmeenntt tthhee ppllaanntt ccaappaacciittyy.. TThhee ssaammee PPLLCC aanndd pprrooggrraamm ccaann bbee eeaassiillyy aaddaapptteedd ttoo ffuuttuurree fflloowwss.. CCoommpplleettee nneeww ssyysstteemm iiss rreeqquuiirreedd ttoo bbee ccoonnssttrruucctteedd ffoorr aaddddiittiioonnaall aauuggmmeennttaattiioonn
  • 42. AADDVVAANNTTAAGGEESS OOFF CCYYCCLLIICC AACCTTIIVVAATTEEDD SSLLUUDDGGEE PPRROOCCEESSSS((SSUUMMMMAARRYY)):: • RReeqquuiirreess MMiinniimmuumm SSppaaccee • RReeqquuiirreess MMiinniimmuumm EEnneerrggyy ffoorr ttrreeaattmmeenntt ooff sseewwaaggee • RReeqquuiirreess MMiinniimmuumm MMaann PPoowweerr ffoorr ttrreeaattmmeenntt ooff sseewwaaggee • RReeqquuiirreess MMiinniimmuumm MMaaiinntteennaannccee CCoosstt • EExxcceelllleenntt TTrreeaatteedd wwaatteerr qquuaalliittyy ccaann bbee rreeccyycclleedd.. 4433
  • 43. • CCoonnttrroolllleedd ssyysstteemm pprroovviiddeedd hhiigghh fflleexxiibbiilliittyy aanndd ssiimmpplliiffiieedd ppootteennttiiaall ooff eexxppaannssiioonn.. • AA ssppeecciiaall aabbiilliittyy ttoo hhaannddllee eexxttrreemmeellyy hhiigghh oorrggaanniicc aanndd hhyyddrraauulliicc sshhoocckk llooaaddss,, MMoorree tthhaann 9955%% BBOODD rreemmoovvaall.. • WWoorrllddwwiiddee ((iinncclluuddiinngg IInnddiiaa)) pprroovveenn aanndd rreelliiaabbllee.. PPrroocceessssiinngg fflloowwss rraannggiinngg ffrroomm 4400 mm33// DDaayy ttoo 552200000000 MM33//DDaayy 4444
  • 44. 4455 PPLLAANNTT CCAAPPAACCIITTYY::4455 MMLLDD SSrr.. NNoo.. PPaarraammeetteerr CC TTEECCHH AASSPP 11 CCAAPPIITTAALL CCOOSSTT AA CCaappiittaall ccoosstt ((RRss.. LLaaccss)) 22997700 22447755 BB LLaanndd rreeqquuiirreemmeenntt ((HHaa)) 11..22 22..1166 CC LLaanndd RRaattee ((RRss ppeerr MM22)) ((AAssssuummeedd)) 88000000 88000000 DD LLaanndd ccoosstt ((RRss LLaaccss)) 996600 11772288 EE TToottaall CCaappiittaall ccoosstt ((AA ++ DD)) ((RRss.. LLaaccss)) 33993300 44220033 22 OOPPEERRAATTIINNGG CCOOSSTT FF OO && MM CCoosstt ((RRss ppeerr MM33)) 00..99 11..77 GG OO && MM CCoosstt ((RRss LLaaccss ppeerr aannnnuumm)) 114477..88 227799..22 HH OO && MM CCoosstt ffoorr 1155 yyeeaarrss ((RRss LLaaccss)) 22221177..44 44118888..44 33 LLIIFFEE CCYYCCLLEE CCOOSSTT II LLiiffee CCyyccllee CCoosstt ((EE ++ HH)) ((RRss LLaaccss)) 66114477..44 88339911..44 JJ SSaavviinngg wwiitthh CC TTeecchh ((RRss LLaaccss)) 22224444
  • 45. 4466
  • 46. 4477 List of C-Tech Plants in India Name of User Location Capacity Sector Present Status Indore Municipal Corporation Indore 245 MLD Sewage Under construction. Madurai Municipal Corporation Avaniapuram 125 MLD Sewage Under construction. Thane Municipal Corporation Kopri 120 MLD Sewage Under construction. Punjab Water Supply and Sewerage Ludhiana 105 MLD Sewage Under construction. Board Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation Nerul 100 MLD Sewage Operational Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation Vashi 100 MLD Sewage Operational Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation Airoli 80 MLD Sewage Operational City Infrastructure Development Corpn. (CIDCO) Kamothe 85 MLD Sewage Under construction. City Infrastructure Development Corpn. (CIDCO) Kharghar 70 MLD Sewage Under construction. Coimbatore Municipal Corporation Ukkadam 70 MLD Sewage Under construction. Pimpri Cinchwad Municipal Corporation Charholi 60 MLD Sewage Under construction. Ghaziabad Development Authority Indrapuram 56 MLD Sewage Under construction. Ghaziabad Development Authority Govindpuram 56 MLD Sewage Under construction. Ghaziabad Development Authority Dudhera 56 MLD Sewage Under construction. Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board Attapur 51 MLD Sewage Under construction.
  • 47. 4488 New Okhla Industrial Development Authority Noida 50 MLD Sewage Under construction. Punjab Water Supply and Sewerage Board Ludhiana 50 MLD Sewage Under construction. Madurai Municipal Corporation Sakkimangalam 45.7 MLD Sewage Under construction. Pune Municipal Corporation Mundhwa 45 MLD Sewage Operational National Building Construction Corpn Faridabad 45 MLD Sewage Under construction Ltd Coimbatore Municipal Corporation Nanjundapuram 40 MLD Sewage Under construction. Pimpri Cinchwad Municipal Corporation Kasarwadi 40 MLD Sewage Under construction. New Okhla Industrial Development Noida 35 MLD Sewage Under construction. Authority New Okhla Industrial Development Authority Noida 33 MLD Sewage Under construction. Pimpri Cinchwad Municipal Corporation Akurdi 30 MLD Sewage Under construction. Pune Municipal Corporation, Pune Baner 30 MLD Sewage Under construction. Pimpri Cinchwad Municipal Corporation Cinchwad 30 MLD Sewage Operational City Infrastructure Development Corpn. Ghansoli 30 MLD Sewage Under construction (CIDCO) Uttaranchal Peyjal Nigam Haridwar 27 MLD Sewage Under construction.
  • 48. 4499 1. City Infrastructure Development Corpn. (CIDCO) Kharghar 25 MLD Sewage Operational 2. New Okhla Industrial Development Authority Noida 25 MLD Sewage Under construction. 3. Punjab Water Supply and Sewerage Board Jalandhar 25 MLD Sewage Under construction. 4. Pimpri Cinchwad Municipal Corporation Rawet 20 MLD Sewage Under construction. 5. Lucknow Development Authority Lucknow 15 MLD Sewage Under construction. 6. Pimpri Cinchwad Municipal Corporation Shangavi 20 MLD Sewage Under construction. 7. Public Works Department, Goa Panjim 12.5 MLD Sewage Operational 8. Punjab Water Supply and Sewerage Board Samana 10 MLD Sewage Under construction. 9. Uttaranchal Peyjal Nigam Haridwar 3 MLD Sewage Under construction. 10. Goa Medical College Goa 1.3 MLD Sewage Operational 11. Rajiv Gandhi IT Habitat Goa 0.3 MLD 0.6 MLD 0.6 MLD Sewage Under construction. 12. Goa State Industrial Dev. Corpn. Goa 0.8 MLD Sewage Under construction. TEXTILES 13. Textile Common Effluent Treatment Surat 100 MLD Textile Under construction. 14. Gujarat Eco Textile Park Ltd. Surat 60 MLD Textile Under construction. REFINERY 15. Hindustan Petroleum Corpn. Ltd. Vizag 4.3 MLD Refinery Under construction. 16. Hindustan Petroleum Corpn. Ltd. Mumbai 7.2 MLD Refinery Under construction. 17. Bina Refinery Bina 9 MLD Refinery Under construction. PHARMA 18. Jawaharlal Nehru Pharma City Vizag 3.5 MLD Pharma Operational
  • 49. 5500
  • 50. 5511
  • 51. 5522
  • 52. C-Tech Plant at Kharghar, Navi Mumbai with Avg. 5533 flow 25mld and Peak flow 62.5mld
  • 53. 5544 C-Tech Plant at Nerul, Navi Mumbai with Avg. flow 100mld and Peak flow 225mld
  • 54. 5555 C-Tech Plant at Chinchwad, Pune with Avg. flow 30mld and Peak flow 60mld