This study evaluated the clinical performance of non-carious cervical lesion restorations placed at a university dental clinic over a 7-year period. A total of 121 restorations in 34 patients were assessed based on materials used (glass ionomer cement, resin composite, resin-modified glass ionomer cement) and clinical handling technique (with vs without cavity preparation). Glass ionomer cement restorations showed significantly better retention and less secondary caries compared to the other materials, but there were no differences in marginal integrity, discoloration, or anatomic form based on material. The clinical performance did not differ based on whether cavity preparation was used.
Effect of Calcium Hydroxide on Deep Caries Dentin: A Clinical Studyasclepiuspdfs
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of calcium hydroxide on arresting deep carious lesions in permanent teeth. Methods: A total of 190 patients aged between 15 and 55 years old were selected for this clinical study. Calcium hydroxide was applied to fully matured permanent anterior or posterior teeth clinically and radiographically after 2 weeks, 3–4 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1-year follow-up. Results: The overall survival rate was 89.4%. The findings of this study showed that calcium hydroxide is effective in arresting deep carious lesions and formation tertiary dentine as well as preservation teeth vitality. Conclusion: Calcium hydroxide is effective in reducing the risk of pulp exposure in deep carious lesion.
Journal Club On Subepithelial Connective Tissue GraftAssociated with Apicoec...Shilpa Shiv
Journal Club On Subepithelial Connective Tissue GraftAssociated with Apicoectomy andRoot-End Fillings in the Treatment ofDeep Localized Gingival Recession withApex Root Exposure
Journal club on Minimally Invasive Single Implant Treatment (M.I.S.I.T.) base...Shilpa Shiv
Journal club on Minimally Invasive Single Implant Treatment (M.I.S.I.T.) based on ridge preservation and contour augmentation in patients with a high aesthetic risk profile, JCP 2015
Effect of Calcium Hydroxide on Deep Caries Dentin: A Clinical Studyasclepiuspdfs
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of calcium hydroxide on arresting deep carious lesions in permanent teeth. Methods: A total of 190 patients aged between 15 and 55 years old were selected for this clinical study. Calcium hydroxide was applied to fully matured permanent anterior or posterior teeth clinically and radiographically after 2 weeks, 3–4 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1-year follow-up. Results: The overall survival rate was 89.4%. The findings of this study showed that calcium hydroxide is effective in arresting deep carious lesions and formation tertiary dentine as well as preservation teeth vitality. Conclusion: Calcium hydroxide is effective in reducing the risk of pulp exposure in deep carious lesion.
Journal Club On Subepithelial Connective Tissue GraftAssociated with Apicoec...Shilpa Shiv
Journal Club On Subepithelial Connective Tissue GraftAssociated with Apicoectomy andRoot-End Fillings in the Treatment ofDeep Localized Gingival Recession withApex Root Exposure
Journal club on Minimally Invasive Single Implant Treatment (M.I.S.I.T.) base...Shilpa Shiv
Journal club on Minimally Invasive Single Implant Treatment (M.I.S.I.T.) based on ridge preservation and contour augmentation in patients with a high aesthetic risk profile, JCP 2015
Journal Club On Pre-extractive Interradicular Implant Bed Preparation: Case P...Shilpa Shiv
Journal Club On Pre-extractive Interradicular Implant Bed Preparation: Case Presentations of a Novel Approach to Immediate Implant Placement at Multirooted Molar Sites, IJPRD 2013.
This presentation is a review of MANDIBULAR MOLAR ROOT RESECTION VERSUS IMPLANT THERAPY A RETROSPECTIVE NONRANDOMIZED STUDYZ
afiropoulos GG, Hoffmann O, Kasaj A, Willershausen B, Deli G, Tatakis DN.Journal of Oral Implantology, 2009
journal club on Combined Surgical Resective and Regenerative Therapy forAdva...Shilpa Shiv
JC on Combined Surgical Resective and Regenerative Therapy forAdvanced Peri-implantitis with Concomitant Soft Tissue Volume Augmentation: A Case Report. IJPRD 2014.
JOURNAL CLUB: Terminology of Dental Caries and Dental Caries Management: Cons...Urvashi Sodvadiya
Vita Machiulskienea, Guglielmo Campusb, c Joana Christina, Carvalhod Irene, Digee Kim, Rud Ekstrandf, Anahita Jablonski-Momenig, Marisa Maltzh, David J. ,Mantoni Stefania, Martignonj, k E. Angeles, Martinez-Mierl, Nigel B., Pittsj Andreas G., Schultem Christian, H. Spliethn, Livia Maria, Andaló Tenutao, Andrea Ferreira Zandonap, Bente Nyvade
CARIES RESEARCH; OCT 2019
Intentional replantation of maxillary second molar; case report and 15-year f...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Abstract: Intentional reimplantation is a procedure in which tooth extraction is performed followed by reinsertion of the extracted tooth into its own socket after performing the desired procedure. In this article, intentional reimplantation is described and discussed as a treatment approach for aperiapical lesion that is in maxillary second molar. After 15 years, the patient was asymptomatic, the tooth was still functional and a recall intraoral periapical radiograph showed an intact periodontal ligament space and lamina dura with no evidence of gross root resorption or ankylosis.
Keywords: Intentional replantation, calcified canals, mineral trioxide aggregate
jornal club on Tissue Engineering for Lateral Ridge Augmentation withRecombi...Shilpa Shiv
JC on Tissue Engineering for Lateral Ridge Augmentation withRecombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2Combination Therapy: A Case Report. IJPRD 2015.
2 Stage Crown Lengthening VS 1 Stage Journal PresentationDr. B.V.Parvathy
This randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the efficacy of a two-
stage crown lengthening intervention (SCL) in the aesthetic zone
compared with a one-stage crown lengthening procedure (CCL).
Journal Club On Pre-extractive Interradicular Implant Bed Preparation: Case P...Shilpa Shiv
Journal Club On Pre-extractive Interradicular Implant Bed Preparation: Case Presentations of a Novel Approach to Immediate Implant Placement at Multirooted Molar Sites, IJPRD 2013.
This presentation is a review of MANDIBULAR MOLAR ROOT RESECTION VERSUS IMPLANT THERAPY A RETROSPECTIVE NONRANDOMIZED STUDYZ
afiropoulos GG, Hoffmann O, Kasaj A, Willershausen B, Deli G, Tatakis DN.Journal of Oral Implantology, 2009
journal club on Combined Surgical Resective and Regenerative Therapy forAdva...Shilpa Shiv
JC on Combined Surgical Resective and Regenerative Therapy forAdvanced Peri-implantitis with Concomitant Soft Tissue Volume Augmentation: A Case Report. IJPRD 2014.
JOURNAL CLUB: Terminology of Dental Caries and Dental Caries Management: Cons...Urvashi Sodvadiya
Vita Machiulskienea, Guglielmo Campusb, c Joana Christina, Carvalhod Irene, Digee Kim, Rud Ekstrandf, Anahita Jablonski-Momenig, Marisa Maltzh, David J. ,Mantoni Stefania, Martignonj, k E. Angeles, Martinez-Mierl, Nigel B., Pittsj Andreas G., Schultem Christian, H. Spliethn, Livia Maria, Andaló Tenutao, Andrea Ferreira Zandonap, Bente Nyvade
CARIES RESEARCH; OCT 2019
Intentional replantation of maxillary second molar; case report and 15-year f...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Abstract: Intentional reimplantation is a procedure in which tooth extraction is performed followed by reinsertion of the extracted tooth into its own socket after performing the desired procedure. In this article, intentional reimplantation is described and discussed as a treatment approach for aperiapical lesion that is in maxillary second molar. After 15 years, the patient was asymptomatic, the tooth was still functional and a recall intraoral periapical radiograph showed an intact periodontal ligament space and lamina dura with no evidence of gross root resorption or ankylosis.
Keywords: Intentional replantation, calcified canals, mineral trioxide aggregate
jornal club on Tissue Engineering for Lateral Ridge Augmentation withRecombi...Shilpa Shiv
JC on Tissue Engineering for Lateral Ridge Augmentation withRecombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2Combination Therapy: A Case Report. IJPRD 2015.
2 Stage Crown Lengthening VS 1 Stage Journal PresentationDr. B.V.Parvathy
This randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the efficacy of a two-
stage crown lengthening intervention (SCL) in the aesthetic zone
compared with a one-stage crown lengthening procedure (CCL).
treatment outcome of early childhood caries treated under general anesthesiaZalan Khan
short attention span and multiple appointments makes it necessary to treat young child under general anesthesia. pediatric dentist would find it very helpful
Aims: This study evaluated the subjective experience of masticatory performance and masticatory efficiency in partially edentulous patients rehabilitated with three different types of removable partial dentures (RPDs). Materials and methods: This was a crossover randomized study, which was carried out at the prosthodontics clinic of the University of Ghana Dental School clinic. Sixteen patients requiring RPDs but had never worn one before were consecutively recruited for the study. Three different RPDs [i.e., cobalt chromium, acrylic, and thermoplastic resin (iFlex)] were fabricated for each patient. Masticatory efficiency was assessed using a singlesieve method after chewing raw carrots. The subjective experience of masticatory performance was also assessed using a questionnaire after 1 week of using each denture. Results: The cobalt-chromium denture recorded the highest masticatory efficiency (31.4%), and the iFlex denture recorded the lowest (27.9%).
Failures in FPDs and its management is very well described in this seminar and done according to the main books.
Described under classification of biologic, mechanical, aesthetics, Psychogenic, Maintenances Failures
Review of literature is also given in this presentation
Dr. Rahul VC Tiwari - Fellowship In Orthognathic Surgery - Jubilee Mission Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Thrissur, Kerala - 25th publication IJCAR 1st name
Healing of Periapical Bone Lesion After Periradicular Surgery And Graft Place...QUESTJOURNAL
Objectives: 1.To clinically evaluate the healing process following periapical surgery with Chitra granules 2.To radiographically evaluate healing, following periapical surgery with Chitra granules. 3.To compare the bone healing in the study group, clinically and radiographically following the modalities of treatment, with that of the control group (without graft). Materials: 1.Chitra hydroxyapatite granules. 2. Gutta-percha — for root canal obturation by lateral condensation. 3. High Copper amalgam used as retrofilling materials. To evaluate healing after periapical surgery using Chitra granules, 22 patients were selected from out patient section of Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Govt. Dental College, Kozhikode,based on clinical and radiographical evaluation. The study group consisted of 13 males and 9 females. All were of the age group 15-35 years. After selection they were randomly divided into two groups A and B. In group A the Chitra granule were placed in the bony defect and in group B the defect were left as such after surgery. Results: Clinical parameters showed better early symptom free condition in group A compared to group B. But data found statistically insignificant (t-7.27,df-1.8, P >0.05). Radiographical evaluation data analysis showed statistically significant difference among group A and group B. Conclusion: Biocompatible Chitra granule not only obliterates the cavity but act as a scaffold for bone growth and prevent scar tissue formation.It is osteoconductive. In comparison to the conventional periapical surgery, the placement of Chitra granules facilitates bone regeneration more easily. The material is found to be very cost effective, easily available, easy to manipulate and involves least complication to both clinicians and patients.
Gingival prosthesis: an efficient solution to severe gingival recessions in a...Premier Publishers
Clinical attachment loss in periodontal disease may lead to gingival recessions, elongation of the crowns, black triangles and unaesthetic appearance of maxillary anterior. For these problems surgical procedures may not have acceptable results in case of severe gingival recessions. Thus, non-surgical methods, like gingival prostheses/veneers, should be considered as an alternative treatment approach in such cases. It is an easy constructed and practical device to optimize the esthetic and functional outcome after the control of periodontal disease. This case report of young female patient illustrates treatment for an advanced tissue loss in a maxillary anterior area using a removable gingival prosthesis/veneers. This treatment modality offered a good optional solution and optimum esthetic patient satisfaction with a 2-year follow-up.
Similaire à An Assessment on the Clinical Performance of Non-carious Cervical Restorations (20)
Convalescent Plasma and COVID-19: Ancient Therapy Re-emergedasclepiuspdfs
Convalescent plasma has again re-emerged as a therapy during coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreaks currently use as a prophylactic or an interventional treatment in infected patients. Convalescent plasma has been used in the 20th century confronting different infectious diseases where there was no other therapy available. Conceivably, this convalescent plasma therapy tends to be proving a game-changing treatment in some COVID-19 patients and could support treatment, in addition to the current interventions before other developed therapies are available for the population.
The Negative Clinical Consequences Due to the Lack of the Elaboration of a Sc...asclepiuspdfs
Until a few years ago, the immune system was considered as responsible for the only defense against microbial infections and other external agents. On the contrary, the immune cells have been proven to be linked not only through cell-cell contact but also by releasing proteins capable of influencing the immune-inflammatory response, the so-called cytokines or interleukins. Moreover, the cytokines have appeared to play not only immune activities but also metabolic and systemic effects influencing the overall biological systems, including the nervous, the endocrine, and the cardiovascular systems, by representing the main endogenous molecules responsible for the maintenance of the unity of the biological life. Therefore, only the systematic clinical consideration of cytokine effects may allow the generation of real future holistic medicine.
The great benefit of blood/blood constitutes therapy is the ability to provide transfusion support for patients with many unique hematologic conditions. For some patients, such as patients with sickle cell disease, thalassemia major, immune hemolytic anemia, anemia of kidney disease, and aplastic anemia may need for this consolidation extends throughout their life. By knowing the alteration mechanisms of these conditions, we can appreciate the stationary, urgency, and the value of the transfused red blood cell (RBC).
Decreasing or Increasing Role of Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Mult...asclepiuspdfs
During the past four decades, autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has been the first choice and the standard option for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma. The introduction of new agents such as thalidomide, lenalidomide, and bortezomib has led to a clear improvement in basic approach and those agents became the standard of care in the induction phase; however, they were not able to play the role of ASCT in term of progression-free survival and overall survival. Debate continues about the best induction, consolidation, and maintenance taking into account the toxicities of these new agents. The new monoclonal antibody (anti CD38) starts to take its place in the induction setting and it seems to be a promising agent in the high-risk group. Until recently, ASCT is the standard treatment for newly diagnosed patients.
Comparison of the Hypocalcemic Effects of Erythropoietin and U-74389Gasclepiuspdfs
Aim: This study calculated the effects on serum calcium (Ca) levels, after treatment with either of two drugs: The erythropoietin (Epo) and the antioxidant lazaroid (L) drug U-74389G. The calculation was based on the results of two preliminary studies, each one of which estimated the certain influence, after the respective drug usage in an induced ischemia-reperfusion animal experiment. Materials and Methods: The two main experimental endpoints at which the serum Ca levels were evaluated were the 60th reperfusion min (for the Groups A, C, and E) and the 120th reperfusion min (for the Groups B, D, and F). Especially, the Groups A and B were processed without drugs, Groups C and D after Epo administration, whereas Groups E and F after the L administration. Results: The first preliminary study of Epo presented a non-significant hypocalcemic effect by 0.34% ± 0.68% (P = 0.6095). However, the second preliminary study of U-74389G presented a non-significant hypercalcemic effect by 0.14% ± 0.66% (P = 0.8245). These two studies were coevaluated since they came from the same experimental setting. The outcome of the coevaluation was that L is 2.3623042-fold (2.3482723–2.3764196) more hypercalcemic than Epo (P = 0.0000). Conclusions: The antioxidant capacities of U-74389G ascribe 2.3623042-fold more hypercalcemic effects than Epo (P = 0.0000).
The term refractory anemia (RA) may be confusing to those who are not hematologists. RA should be well defined because it means more than what it says. RA is defined as anemia that is not responsive to therapy except transfusion.[1] The term RA is used to rule out those types of anemia with a known cause such as anemia of systemic diseases (liver and kidney) and anemia of inflammation even though they are considered refractory to therapy.[2] RA with cellular or hypercellular bone marrow was formerly used to exclude aplastic anemia.
Management of Immunogenic Heparin-induced Thrombocytopeniaasclepiuspdfs
Immunogenic heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an immune response to heparin associated with significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients if unidentified as soon as possible, due to thromboembolic complications involving both arterial and venous systems. Early diagnoses based on a comprehensive interpretation of clinical and laboratory information improve clinical outcomes. Management principles of strongly suspected HIT should not be delayed for laboratory result confirmation. Treatment strategies have been introduced including new, safe, and effective agents. This review summarizes the clinical therapeutic options for HIT addressing the use of parenteral direct thrombin inhibitors and indirect factor Xa inhibitors as well as the potential non-Vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants.
73-year-old woman without any pertinent history was admitted to the hospital due to remittent fever with erythema. She showed itching and linearly arranged erythema on the chest, back, and abdomen [Figure 1a and b]. As she had been taking daily cefditoren pivoxil for the 4 days before her admission, she was diagnosed as having drug-related scratch dermatitis, and the antibiotic treatment was stopped. Her fever remained. Laboratory data showed elevated levels of white blood cells (14,800/μl, normal range 4000–7000) and liver enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 138 IU/L (normal range 5–40), alanine aminotransferase 97 IU/L (normal range 5–35), and ferritin (17469.5 ng/mL, normal range 5–152).
Bone Marrow Histology is a Pathognomonic Clue to Each of the JAK2V617F, MPL,5...asclepiuspdfs
According to the World Health Organization and Clinical Laboratory Molecular and Pathological criteria bone marrow pathology in JAK2V617F mutated trilinear myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) patients essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera are indistinguishably featured by clustered medium to large pleomorphic megakaryocytes and increased cellularity (60–90%) due to increased erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis. MPL515 mutated ET is the second distinct clonal MPN characterized by thrombocythemia in a normocellular bone marrow showing clustered increased large to giant mature megakaryocytes with staghorn-like hyperlobulated nuclei. Calreticulin (CALR) mutated hypercellular thrombocythemia associated with prefibrotic megakaryocytic, granulocytic myeloproliferation (MGM) recently became the third distinct MPN featured by dense clusters of immature megakaryocytes with cloud-like nuclei. Bone marrow pathology in newly diagnosed MPN patients appears to be a pathognomonic clue for diagnostic differentiation between JAK2V617F mutated trilinear MPN, MPL515 normocellular thrombocythemia, and CALR thrombocythemia with MGM characteristics followed by secondary reticulin fibrosis. Their natural histories clearly differ featured by an increase of erythro/granulopoiesis and cellularity in JAK2V617F, decrease of erythropoiesis and cellularity in MPL515 and increase of dual megakaryo/granulopoiesis and cellularity in CALR mutated MPN.
Helicobacter pylori Frequency in Polycythemia Vera Patients without Dyspeptic...asclepiuspdfs
Introduction: In polycythemia vera (PV) patients, peptic ulcer and gastroduodenal erosions are more common than the general population, but there are insufficient data on the frequency of Helicobacter pylori (HP) and its role in etiopathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to compare the prevalence of HP infection in PV patients without dyspeptic complaints with a healthy control group without dyspeptic complaints. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients with PV without dyspeptic complaints and 50 controls without dyspeptic complaints were enrolled in this study after informed consent obtained. Stool samples of selected patients were analyzed using HP stool antigen test (True Line®). Results: There was surprisingly striking difference between HP prevalence in PV patients without dyspeptic complaints and asymptomatic healthy controls (64% vs. 2%) (P < 0.05). There was no significant relationship found between HP presence and age, gender, treatment modalities, complete blood count, positivity of JAK2 V617F, serum erythropoietin level, and splenomegaly in PV patients (P > 0.05). Conclusion: As the susceptibility of HP infections in PV patients are higher, it is recommended to have close surveillance of these patients by screening HP presence. In addition, when HP positivity is determined, the eradication of HP is essential to prevent possible future gastrointestinal lesions in patients with PV.
Lymphoma of the Tonsil in a Developing Communityasclepiuspdfs
The lymphoma of the tonsil is a rarity. Single case reports have appeared in countries as disparate as China, Greece, India, Japan, and Turkey. Therefore, this paper presents cases found in Nigeria among the Ibo ethnic group. The epidemiological comparisons are deemed to be worthy of documentation such as age ranges and sides of involvement.
Should Metformin Be Continued after Hospital Admission in Patients with Coron...asclepiuspdfs
Background: In most patients with diabetes, guidelines recommend discontinuation of oral anti-diabetic agents. Preliminary data suggest that pre-admission metformin use may have a mortality benefit in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 admitted to the hospital. Objective: The objective of the study was to review the impact of metformin on morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods: Review of English literature by PUBMED search until November 10, 2020. Search terms included diabetes, COVID-19, metformin, retrospective studies, meta-analyses, pertinent reviews, pre-print articles, and consensus guidelines are reviewed.
Clinical Significance of Hypocalcemia in COVID-19asclepiuspdfs
Background: Preliminary data suggest that hypocalcemia is common among patients with COVID-19 admitted to the hospital. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the clinical significance of hypocalcemia in the setting of COVID-19. Methods: Literature search (PubMed) until August 5, 2020. Search terms include hypocalcemia, COVID-19, mortality, and complications. Retrospective studies are reviewed due to a lack of randomized trials. Results: Prevalence of hypocalcemia among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 ranges from 62% to 78%, depending on the definition of hypocalcemia and patients’ characteristics. In most cases, hypocalcemia is mild to moderate biochemically. Hypocalcemia is a risk factor for hospitalization of patients with COVID-19. In already hospitalized patients, hypocalcemia is significantly associated with increase severity of COVID-19 and its complications, including multiorgan failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and death. Hypocalcemia is significantly correlated with inflammatory markers of COVID-19. Causes of hypocalcemia in COVID-19 patients are unclear, but Vitamin D deficiency may be a contributing factor. Conclusion: Hypocalcemia is common in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and carries unfavorable outcomes. Further studies are needed to examine the causes of hypocalcemia in COVID-19 and to see whether normalization of circulating calcium levels improves prognosis.
Excess of Maternal Transmission of Type 2 Diabetes: Is there a Role of Bioche...asclepiuspdfs
Objective: An excess of maternal transmission of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been reported in some populations but not confirmed in other studies. Mitochondrial inheritance has been proposed to explain such excess. In the present paper, we have considered the presence of T2D in the mother and/or in the father in relation to the risk of T2D and to age at onset of the disease in the offspring. The distribution of two genetic polymorphisms involved in glucose metabolism in relation to the presence of T2D in the mother has been also considered. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and seventy-nine participants with T2D were studied in the population of Penne, a small rural town in the eastern side of central Italy. Adenosine deaminase locus 1 (ADA1) and phosphoglucomutase locus 1 (PGM1) phenotypes were determined by starch gel electrophoresis. Statistical analyses were carried out using commercial software (SPSS). Results: The proportion of patients from T2D mothers is much greater as compared to the proportion of the patients from T2D fathers (P < 0.0001). Age at onset of the disease in patients in whom one or both parents are T2D is lower as compared to other patients. The distribution of ADA1 and PGM1 phenotypes in participants with T2D depends on the presence of diabetes in the mother. Conclusions: About the transmission of T2D, our data confirm the high proportion of maternal T2D and show the role of two common biochemical polymorphisms involved in glucose metabolism.
The Effect of Demographic Data and Hemoglobin A 1c on Treatment Outcomes in P...asclepiuspdfs
Objective: Diabetes mellitus, the most common cause of non-traumatic foot amputations, is a life-threatening condition due to its high mortality and morbidity. In our study, we retrospectively evaluated our patients with diabetic foot syndrome in our clinic. Materials and Methods: The demographic data, duration of diabetes, Wagner classification, haemoglobin A 1c (HbA1c) levels, white blood cell, C-reactive protein sedimentation levels, hospital stay, and treatment results were evaluated retrospectively in 14 patients with diabetic foot between January 2017 and December 2018. Results: The mean age of the patients was 62.43 ± 7.7 years. Of the 14 patients, 3 were females and 11 were males. All 14 patients were type 2 diabetes mellitus. When diabetic foot Wagner classification was performed, 6 patients were evaluated as Wagner 2, five patients were Wagner 3, and three patients were evaluated as Wagner 4. Nine patients had complete amputation and 3 had vascular surgery. Conclusion: Although the level of HbA1c is below the target level, the risk of diabetic foot is increased when there is no adequate diabetes mellitus foot training. Inadequate diabetic patient education and hospitalization of patients after infection progress the amputation rate.
Self-efficacy Impact Adherence in Diabetes Mellitusasclepiuspdfs
The aim of the paper is to explore how self-efficacy (SE) is associated with adherence among adults with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: The search of electronic databases identified 564 records from 2007 to 2017 on SE and adherence from different perspectives and its effect on adults with DM. Discussions: SE increases the confidence in adults in their self-care behaviors. Non-adherence continues to be a significant barrier to SE. SE and adherence should be informed by an understanding of theoretical frameworks and the individual characteristics. Conclusion: Adherence is likely among adults with better SE to empower them to make valid decisions about their health. Interventions to improve SE should be tailored based on different types of non-adherence such as intentional and unintentional non-adherence. Implications: An intercollaborative professional practice approach is crucial to improve SE and adherence for sound judgment and valid decision-making.
Uncoiling the Tightening Obesity Spiralasclepiuspdfs
While an underweight prevalence was once more than twice that of obesity, now more people are obese than underweight. Obesity is one of the leading causes of preventable death in the world. There are an estimated 2,100,000,000 obese people worldwide and that number is forecast to grow to 51% of the world’s population by 2030. Escalating obesity-related disease costs threaten to bankrupt the world’s health-care systems.
Prevalence of Chronic Kidney disease in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome in S...asclepiuspdfs
Background and Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) which is an increasingly important clinical and public health issue is associated with cardiovascular disease. Epidemiologic studies have also linked metabolic syndrome (MetS) with an increased risk of incident CKD. Therefore, the present study was designed retrospectively to find the prevalence and potential risk factors of CKD in patients with MetS in Saudi Arabia.
Management Of Hypoglycemia In Patients With Type 2 Diabetesasclepiuspdfs
Hypoglycemia is the rate-limiting step of intensive management in patients with diabetes. Lowering one’s A1C to a prescribed target is expected to mitigate one’s risk of developing long- and short-term diabetes-related complications. Several of the less expensive and commonly prescribed glucose lowering agents favored by practitioners result in weight gain, hypoglycemia, and even an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) mortality. Although achieving a targeted A1C of <7 % is the standard of care, clinicians often fail to evaluate patients for glycemic variability which can increase oxidative stress driving long-term diabetes-related complications including CV death. The use of concentrated insulins and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists separately or in combination with each other reduces glycemic variability and one’s risk of hypoglycemia. Pharmaceutical agents which allow patients to safely achieve their targeted A1C without weight gain and hypoglycemia should be preferred in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Predictive and Preventive Care: Metabolic Diseasesasclepiuspdfs
South Asians have a very high incidence of ischemic heart disease and stroke. In addition, they also have a very high incidence of metabolic diseases such as prehypertension, hypertension, visceral obesity, metabolic syndrome, prediabetes, type-2 diabetes, and its clinical complications. Currently, there are over 75 million diabetic subjects in India and an equal number of prediabetics. Republic of China has taken over India as the diabetes capital of the world, with over 115 million diabetics. Modern medicine is disease focused and has failed to address the prevention of these chronic diseases. According to the reports from the United Nations (Millennium Development Goals [MDGs], the World Health Organization, Global Health Initiatives, and the non-communicable disease risk task force), obesity has increased by 2-fold and type-2 diabetes by 4-fold worldwide. Experts in this field predict that chances of meeting the MDGs set by the UN members of reducing the incidence of these diseases at 2025 to the level of 2020 are very little. Western medicine has failed to reduce or reverse the trend in the incidence of these diseases. We feel that an integrated approach to health care may be a better option, to reduce the disease burden in developing and resource-poor countries. Having said that, one cannot prevent something that one is not aware of, as such it is the need of the hour for us, to develop a robust predictive and preventive health-care platform. In an earlier article, we presented our views on reducing or reversing cardiometabolic diseases. There is great enthusiasm among the health-care providers and professional bodies that integration of emerging technologies will help develop personalized, precision medicine, as well as reduce the cost of health-care worldwide.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
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Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
2. Fatah,et al.: Clinical performance of Non Carious Cervical Restorations
18 Journal of Clinical Research in Dentistry • Vol 1 • Issue 2 • 2018
mandible, the premolars showed a greater degree of cervical
wear than the molars, and in the maxilla, the first molars had
the greatest degree of wear up to 65 years of age, followed by
the premolars.[11]
Oral health providers have been aware of NCCLs for a long
time. Besides that, the lesions are becoming an increasingly
important factor when considering the long-term health of the
dentition. In fact, the occurrence of this condition is steadily
increasing.All studies found an increased prevalence with age,
whereby older individuals have a greater number of lesions
than younger people and the lesions tend to be larger.[12-13]
In general, the prevalence of tooth wear is considered high,
especially in older population, which also includes NCCL.
In a study done by Smith WA et al., in 2008, showed that
156 patients attending university hospital in Trinidad with a
mean age of 40.6 years were examined of whom 62.2% was
affected with NCCLs.[14]
Another study done by W Yan et al.,
2014, about 72.5% of people in Guangzhou area were affected
with NCCLs, with a higher percentage affecting those people
aging 40 years.[15-16]
While in Malaysia, only a small number
of research done on tooth wear, Class V restoration, and its
survival rate. There is still no study done on the prevalence
of NCCLs; however, there was one study by RWR Daly et
al., 2010, with adults in Kelantan, Malaysia, which among 81
people who had tooth wear, none of them NCCLs.[17]
The etiology of NCCLs is due to occlusal force, erosive
agents, and mechanical abrasion due to intense tooth
brushing. However, a systematic review was unable to
determine any specific etiological factors for NCCLs due to
the risk of bias and other confounding factors in the literature
available.[4-18]
Unfortunately, although NCCL restorations
are a very common occurrence in clinics, they also represent
one of the less durable types of restorations. Despite these
restorations being a continuing problem in restorative
dentistry, the causes of the diminished longevity are still
poorly understood.
There are no generally accepted, specific guidelines in
the literature stating that all lesions should be restored.
Logic and good clinical judgment would suggest that they
should be restored when clinical symptoms such as dentine
hypersensitivity have developed or are likely to develop in
the near future. Esthetic demands of the patient may also
influence the decision to restore these lesions.[19]
There are
considerable challenges for the dentist to restore NCCLs.
A critical factor for restorative challenges is represented by the
selection of the restorative materials as well as technique used
by the clinicians. At present, the materials of choice indicated
for restoring cervical lesions include glass ionomer cements
(GICs), resin-modified GIC (RMGIC), polyacid-modified
resin-based composite (compomer), and composite resins.
There is a significant body of literature, which documents
the influence of restorative material toward the longevity of
cervical restorations. Clinical studies have shown repeatedly
that restoration of NCCL has inadequate retention rates, with
higher percentage of failure at the cervical, compared with the
occlusal restorations. Cervical restorations represent one of
the less durable types of restorations and have a high index of
loss of retention, marginal excess, and secondary caries. Some
of the possible causes for these problems include difficulties in
isolation, insertion, contouring, and polishing procedures.[20]
Hence, the purpose of this study was to assess the clinical
performance of NCCLs restoration done in Universiti Sains
Islam Malaysia’s (USIM) dental clinic. A secondary purpose
was to compare the clinical performance of various types of
restoration materials used and to identify the effect of clinical
handling technique toward the success of the restorations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This is a cross-sectional study done on patients’ whom
undergone restoration on NCCLs at USIM’s Dental Clinic
from August 2009 to August 2016. The inclusion criteria are
restoration done on permanent teeth which involve patients
over 20 years of age with fair oral hygiene.
Ethical approval was obtained and the list of patient that
has NCCLs was obtained from the students’ log books.
Patients were selected by non-probability sampling based on
the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The treated or restored
NCCL was noted from patients’ folders alongside with the
technique and materials used were collected. Intraexaminer
calibration was carried out before review of patients and a
number of samples were called to the clinic for an evaluation
of the restored lesion, and consent was taken from the
patients. The restorations were clinically evaluated by one
investigator according to the modified United States Public
Health Service (USPHS) criteria (Ryge, 1980). The result
outcome with Alpha and Bravo is considered acceptable,
while a result with Charlie is considered unacceptable and
recommended for retreatment. Then, patient was informed
and advised on the management of the failed restoration.
The data collected was analyzed using the Statistical
Package for the Social Sciences Version 21.0. The outcome
determined the statistical significance on the survival rate
of the restorations (acceptable or unacceptable) based on its
association with materials and clinical handling technique
was assessed using the Chi-square test.
RESULTS
Surveyed group and case distribution
Data for 121 NCCLs restorations were collected from
34 patients. 77 patients (63.6%) were male and 44 patients
(36.4%) were female. The range of patient’s age is from 30
3. Fatah,et al.: Clinical performance of Non Carious Cervical Restorations
Journal of Clinical Research in Dentistry • Vol 1 • Issue 2 • 2018 19
to 70 years old. The lifespan of the restorations was from 1
to 8 years. Among the restoratives used for NCCLs, GIC (n =
77, 63.6%) was the most frequently used followed by RC (n =
22, 18.2%) and RMGIC (n = 22, 18.2%). The technique used
for NCCLs for without cavity preparation (n = 90, 74.4%) is
higher than restoration with cavity preparation using rotary
instruments (n = 31, 25.6%).
The comparison of clinical performance between
GIC, RC, and RMGIC
The number of GIC restorations that were evaluated as
clinically acceptable (Alpha or Bravo) according to modified
USPHS criteria was significantly higher than RC and
RMGIC. More than half of GIC restorations were evaluated
as clinically acceptable, while for RC, it has equal percentage
of acceptable and acceptable restoration and more than half
of RMGIC was rated as clinically unacceptable (Charlie or
Delta). It was shown that there is a significant difference
in the clinical performance between the three types of
materials used with P = 0.021. In the criteria of retention and
secondary caries, there is a significant difference with the
type of materials used (P = 0.027 and P = 0.021, respectively;
P 0.050). Meanwhile, there is no significant difference in
the marginal integrity, marginal discoloration, and anatomic
form with the type of materials used. Table 1 shows the data
collection for GIC, RC, and RMGIC.
The comparison of clinical performance between
cavity preparation using rotary instrument and
without cavity preparation
Between the two technique used, it was shown that there
is no significant difference between the technique used
(P = 0.083). Table 2 shows the data collection of different
clinical handling used.
DISCUSSION
In total, GIC (63.6%) was used 3 times more frequently than
RC and RMGIC. Selection of GIC is high due to adhesion
capability to tooth structure and easy handling.[21,22]
Most
laboratory studies suggested GIC as the restorative material
of choice for cervical lesions due to clinically acceptable
interfacial gaps, its capacity for absorbing occlusal load and
the low polymerization shrinkage stress of slowly setting
glass ionomers.[23,24]
In another study, GIC was recommended
as the material of choice for high caries risk patient due to
its in vitro fluoride release.[25]
The result of the current study
is accordance to the previous study since GIC is superior
to RC and RMGIC in terms of secondary caries. However,
other studies stated that RCs are the most frequently selected
material for cervical restorations due to its esthetic excellence
and adequate mechanical properties.[26,27]
In our study, GIC has better retention rate than RC and
RMGIC. It is supported by the study done by Powell
Table 1:
The
comparison
of
clinical
performance
between
GIC,
RC,
and
RMGIC
Materials
of
restoration
Clinical
performance
Retention (%)
P=0.027
Marginal (%)
integrity
P=0.179 (n)
Marginal (%)
discoloration
P=0.134 (n)
Anatomic
form (%)
P=0.235 (n)
Secondary
caries (%)
P=0.021 (n)
GIC
A
and
B (acceptable
restoration)
75.3 (58)
81.8 (63)
81.8 (63)
76.6 (59)
85.7 (66)
C
and
D
(unacceptable
restoration)
24.7 (19)
18.2 (14)
18.2 (14)
23.4 (18)
14.3 (11)
RC
A
and
B (acceptable
restoration)
63.6 (14)
72.7 (16)
68.2 (15)
77.3 (17)
72.7 (16)
C
and
D (unacceptable
restoration)
36.4 (8)
27.3 (
6)
31.8 (
7)
22.7 (5)
27.3 (6)
RMGIC
A
and
B (acceptable
restoration)
45.5 (10)
63.6 (14)
63.6 (14)
59.1 (13)
59.1 (13)
C
and
D (unacceptable
Restoration)
54.5 (12)
36.4 (8)
36.4 (
8)
40.9 (9)
40.9 (9)
RMGIC:
Resin‑modified
glass
ionomer
cements,
GIC:
Glass
ionomer
cements
4. Fatah,et al.: Clinical performance of Non Carious Cervical Restorations
Journal of Clinical Research in Dentistry • Vol 1 • Issue 2 • 2018
stated that GIC material has better retention rates than
the composite material in Class V restoration.[28]
The
low retention rate of RC is possibly due to degradation of
adhesive bond.[29]
Other than that, it is due to the results
of increase in the amount of sclerotic dentine in Class V
lesions in older patients which resists the etching procedure
needed for dentin bonding.[30]
Other studies, with prospective
longitudinal designs for relatively short durations, reported
that glass ionomer-derived materials, especially RMGIC
had better retention rate than RC.[31]
It was contradicted with
the study done by Namgung that stated RC demonstrates
superior clinical performance than GIC in retention, marginal
discoloration, and marginal adaptation.[32]
However, most
studies have reported no difference in the retention of cervical
restorations among RC and RMGIC.[33,34]
In terms of clinical handling technique, this study shows
that there is no significant association between the clinical
performance of the restoration and the preparation of the
cavity. Although our study shows no difference of clinical
performance of NCCLs restored with cavity preparation
using rotary instruments and without cavity preparation,
Stewardson suggested that preparation for NCCL using
rotary instruments is beneficial to improve survival rate of
restoration.[35,29]
When placing GIC restoration, preparation
of cavity margin is necessary to allow adequate bulk for
this brittle material.[36]
Although GIC might be expected to
bond more effectively to the increased mineral content of
sclerotic dentine, it will subject to edge failure if the cavity
is not prepared to allow the glass ionomer to be of adequate
thickness at the margins to compensate for its low fracture
strength. Other views also recommended to carry out cavity
preparation for RC because it will provide mechanical
retention and the roughening the surface is advisable to
remove superficial sclerotic dentine to which current
composite bonding methods are less effective.[37]
After we have carried out the research, we noticed that there
are few limitations that we need to address. First, improper
records related to the clinical handling technique recorded in
patient’s folder contributed to the unsatisfactory result. This
definitely makes the data collection became challenging.
In this study, the number of groups in each variable was
minimized as much as possible because too many groups
would produce higher order interaction and complicate the
interpretation of the results. Second is small sample size due
to high number of patients. A small sample size may also
increase type II errors and decrease statistical power.[38,39]
Due to all the limitation factors, our recommendation is
every academic institution must have very good information
and detailed patients’ records because this will ease the data
collection process. Next is to increase the sample size and we
also suggest to conduct a clinical trial research so that all the
modifying factors can be controlled and the results can be
analyzed accordingly.
Table 2:
The
comparison
of
clinical
performance
between
cavity
preparation
using
rotary
instrument
and
without
cavity
preparation
Clinical
handling
technique
Clinical
performance
Retention (%)
(P=0.824) (n)
Marginal
integrity
(%)
(P=0.630) (n)
Marginal
discoloration (%)
(P=0.810) (n)
Anatomic
form (%) (P=0.479) (n)
Secondary
caries (%)
(P=0.612) (n)
Restored
with
cavity
preparation
A
and
B
(acceptable
restoration)
71.0 (22)
80.6 (25)
74.2 (23)
67.7 (21)
74.2 (23)
C
and
D
(unacceptable
restoration)
29.0 (9)
19.4 (6)
25.8 (8)
32.3 (10)
25.8 (8)
Restored
without
cavity
preparation
A
and
B
(acceptable
restoration)
66.7 (60)
75.6 (68)
76.7 (69)
75.6 (68)
80.0 (71)
C
and
D
(unacceptable
restoration)
33.3 (30)
24.4 (22)
23.3 (21)
24.4 (22)
20.0 (80)
5. Fatah,et al.: Clinical performance of Non Carious Cervical Restorations
Journal of Clinical Research in Dentistry • Vol 1 • Issue 2 • 2018 21
CONCLUSION
The clinical performance of NCCL restoration based on
the types of material was statistically different, where GIC
demonstrated superior clinical performance to RC and
RMGIC in the criteria of retention and secondary caries.
However, there is no significant difference in the clinical
performance of NCCL restorations done with different
clinical handling technique.
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How to cite this article: Fatah FA, Al-Kadhim AHA,
Norazlina M, Amalina AA, Aqila D, Amirah BN. An
Assessment on the Clinical Performance of Non-Carious
Cervical Restorations. J Clin Res Dent 2018;1(2):17-22.