spanish 2 honors.

1. Grammar
Book
Asia Dolman

2. Table of Contents
1. Nacionalidades
2. Stem Changing Verbs
3. Para
4. Indirect Object Pronouns
5. Pronoun Placement
6. Gustar
7. Affirmative and Negative Words
8. Superlatives
9. Reflexives
10. Affirmative tú commands + irregulars +
pronoun placement
11. Negative tú command + irregulars +
pronoun placement
12. Sequencing events

4. Stem Changing Verbs
Contar: e i u ue
Tener:
Cuento Servir:
Tengo Jugar:
Cuentas Siro
Tienes Juego
Cuenta Sirves
Tiene Juegas
Contamos Sirve
Tenemos Juega
cuentan Servemos
Tienen Jugamos
o ue sirven
Juegan
e ie
*Notice that in the nosotros form there is no stem changing.

5. Para (destination or purpose):
FOR IN Para
COMPARI ORDER
LENGTH SON Uses
TO
OF TIME
TIME PHRASES
TO SPECIFY A INTENDE DESTINA
TO BE FUTURE
ABOUT TO D FOR TION
MOMENT IN
TIME
Example:
Voy para Madrid.

6. Indirect Object Pronouns
Me Nos
Te Os
Le Les
Rules:
-Indirect objects tell “to whom” or “for whom” something is done.
-Indirect object pronouns are the replacements for indirect
objects, which are always personal nouns.
-Indirect object pronouns go directly before the verb.
-The 3rd person “Le” and “ Les” indirect object pronouns are
gender neutral
Example:
Juan me compra un regalo.
To whom does Juan buy a gift? … Me

7. Pronoun Placement
 Ifthere is a conjugated verb in the sentence, the
pronouns must be placed in front of the
conjugated verb (unless it is a command).
 Pronouns attach to infinitive and attach to a
gerund.
 Examples:
 Aurora lee el libro.
 Escribo las cartas a la revista.
 Me levanto.

8. Gustar (to like/please) A usted/
a el/ a
Me (I) Nos (We) ella= la
Me gusta Nos gusta gusta
Para
Clasificar
Te (You) Os (Y’all) A
A mi=
Te gusta Os gusta nosotro
me
s= nos ustedes/
Le (Him, Les (They/ Them) gusta gusta
A ti= te a ellos/ a
Her, It) Les gusta gusta ellas= les
Le gusta gusta
*Rules
- NEVER use GUSTO, or GUSTAMOS
- When you like someone put Gustas!!
- Gusta is dependent on what is being (Gustard = being
liked!!)
- If you have 2 or more infinitives, Gusta stays in singular form
- “No” goes in front of Gusta and the pronoun
- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2oIqlEkX5s

9. Affirmative and Negative Words
- When you are
Affirmative Negative talking about a
indefinite or
negative situation,
Algo- something Nada- nothing you use an
affirmative or
negative word.
Alguien- someone Nadie- no one
- Negative example:
Alguno- same Ninguno- none - Nadie trabaja aquí.
- Affirmative exaple:
Siempre- always Nunca- never - ¿Algo de tomar?
Tambien- also Tampoco-niether

10. Superlatives ísimo
To express extremes with
adjectives:
1. Drop first vowel ísimos Superlatives ísimas
2. Add ísimo(a)
*Adjective must agree in
gender and number with the
noun it modifies. ísima
When the last consonant is c, g,or z there is spelling changes required.
C qu Rico= riquísimo
G gu Largo= larguísimo
Z c Feliz= felicísimo

11. Reflexives
Me Nos
- Reflexive pronouns are
used with reflexive verbs to Reflexive Pronouns Te Os
indicate that the subject Se Se
receives the action of the
word. You can put
- Used when the subject receives the action. reflexive pronouns
- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7WNDtkve7oo in front of verb.
conjugated
Acostarse (o-ue) Despertarse (e-ie)
Bañarse Ducharse
Quitar la mesa Hacer la cama

12. Affirmative tú commands + irregulars +
pronoun placement
Affirmative Tú
Infinitive Command Translation
decir di say or tell
hacer haz make or do
ir ve go
poner pon put
salir sal leave
ser sé be
tener Ten have
venir ven come
For affirmative commands: simply drop the “s” and attach the
pronoun to the ending.
Example: ¡Comelo!

13. Negative tú command + irregulars + pronoun
placement
Rules:
1. Start with the word no,
decir No digas
2. take the yo form conjugation of the
verb hacer No hagas
3. drop the –o ir No vayas
4. add the opposite ending plus an “s”. poner No pongas
*Making a negative tú command with salir No salgas
an–ar verb, add the vowel “e”+ an “s”.
ser No seas
*Making a negative tú command with
an –er /ir, add the vowel a”+ an “s”. tener No tengas
Pronoun comes before command ! venir No vengas
Example: No lo comas.

14. Sequencing events
Por Fin:
Primero: first
Finally
Entonces: Antes (de) :
then Before
Depués (de):
Luego : Later After/
Afterwards
-When a noun or an infinitive follows antes or después, use the
preposition „de’.
- http://www.senorwooly.com/video_indiv.php?cancion=excusas