Making the jump from Gantt charts to livelihoods
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Raki joined the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) in 2017, as Conservation for Communities Programme Manager. He manages conversation programmes across South-east Asia and Africa which aim to reduce marine plastic, increase fish stocks and improve the lives of marginalised coastal communities living in biodiversity hotspots. Raki began his career as a journalist in Austria, on the political desk of Kurier and Format. After working as a photographer at Biber magazine, Raki built his knowledge of development aid work through joining the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) in 2008. For the next six years, he launched food safety schemes in Lao PDR, a national cinnamon training programme in Sri Lanka and helped harmonising accreditation systems in the Arab region.
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Making the jump from Gantt charts to livelihoods
- 3. One Billion “One of the greatest human achievements of our time.”
- 5. 12 Years
- 6. Sri Lanka The culture of cinnamon
- 9. What I wish I’d known Context: Background and needs Inception: Review the logic and assumptions It’s never too late to make a change!
- 12. What I wish I’d known Scenario planning and agility: Risk analysis (PESTLE) Adapt or outsource Incident response capability
- 15. What I wish I’d known Stakeholder management: Spend time get buy-in Tools and communication: Focus on clarity - don’t make life more complicated
- 18. People: Community bank Innovation: Plastic reduction Environment: Conservation & climate resilience Business: Nets and Seaweed
- 19. 60 hectares of mangrove forest is currently under protection. We have set up 88 community banks since 2012. We have collected 220 tonnes of nets to date. 1,300 hectares of aquatic area is currently under protection. We have 63,736 people benefiting from a healthier environment. Over 1,700 people are in Net-Works community banks with access to financial services and the supply chain. We work with over 40local communities. Scaling up to Cameroon and Indonesia.
- 20. What’s key? Context: Understand the context The Team: Skills and behaviours Simplicity: Focus on the essential Interconnectivity: Zoom out
Notes de l'éditeur
- Raki Nikahetiya, Operations Manager for Asia at the Zoological Society of London, and part of my job focuses on marine and coastal conservation. Marine photo Some would be rather here right now
- Or actually maybe not? Actually reality on island Not beach clean ups but PM experience in dev aid and conservation aid world. Presenting successes but want drama – taking on a journey: Phils, Mozambique, Sri Lanka and Mongolia. Superpower: hindsight – what went wrong, how we fixed it and what I wish I’d known
- Before we dive in a little quiz. First up Russia – how many people are living in Russia, is it 56 Million or 146 Million? Indonesia? Is it bigger or smaller? 261,115,456 Now I’m adding Philippines at 103 million Brazil at 207 million USA at 322 million Add up CLICK It’s a Billion people! Over the last 25 years, approximately one billion people were lifted out of extreme poverty across the world. The global poverty rate is now lower than it has ever been in recorded history. Former World Bank president Yong Kim, called it CLICK ‘one of the greatest human achievements of our time, ” He says if we are going to end extreme poverty by 2030, we need much more investment in human capital to help promote inclusive growth.” But is inclusive growth enough?
- What does poverty elevation for a family mean? CLICK what can they afford This makes sense to the individual – more aspirations are fulfilled, and educational standards are raised. On the flipside, consumption increases.
- 2020 7.5 billion 2030 8.5 billion – more consumers creating more pressure for our environment and planet. October 2018, UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) warned we have (CLICK) 12 years for global warming to be kept to a maximum of 1.5C. Beyond: risks droughts, floods and extreme weather – catastrophic impact people and planet. Against this backdrop of increased consumption and evident climate change, a different change is needed – behaviour change. This is where the work of development aid and conservation can help in line with the UN’s global development goals – launching initiatives and threading sectors and people together to promote inclusive and sustainable change which doesn’t come at a cost to the Earth. And now we will start our journey walking through some examples on how we’ve tried to do this.
- Start UN cinnamon sector in Sri Lanka. Cinnamomum zealanicum more valued than Cinnamomum cassia.
- Typical peeling center. Visited many – air filled with sweet scent. Global cinnamon trade: ½ billion USD a year and Sri Lanka being the worlds largest cinnamon exporter 200mill out of that pie. Substantial market for a developing economy. Project aimed at improving quality of Sri Lankan cinnamon Meeting international standards Training center Ultimately more jobs and contribute to the GDP. Great project document: logframe, budget perfect
- At start: Not enough peelers in the country? Earned a much as junior doctors Job security with an demand increase in the global market Solution: Needed dig deeper and understand context Dialogue with peelers Ancient tradition Low cast CLICK children should be teachers, lawyers, doctors Technical project into tech and social project – change perception with had to change training: away from layman to masters of their tradition
- Context: always understand the background, history and context before you start a project. Inception: Take time during, review the logic and assumptions and understand the need – it’s never too late to make a change! Budgets, indicators and workplans can be revised but spent money is spent money. Difficult to do change as a new comer, but we did it based on evidence and I should have done it sooner. Be bold and make the judgement call based on evidence, not how much you want the project to meet timelines and milestones.
- Photo background: gleaning Reality for many people. 50% depend on fish as nutrition and coastline of 2500km - 2/3 population at coast. Challenges: local marine resources are threatened: unsustainable fishing practices and gas reserves bigger than those of Qatar discovered which will put more pressures to environment and people. Solution: Create bigger and better Marine Protected Areas which increased Biodiversity and fish in the coastal areas Make livelihoods resilient through other nutrition sources, for example through agriculture and enabling the villages access to informal and formal markets for their produce and reduce marine pressures. Everything was plain sailing.
- And then this happened: unidentified terrorist burned villages to the ground. Colleagues lost and despite support from security provide our coordination was far from ideal. Solution: Fast adaption needed immediately and skills. Peace building organisation for skills. Building networks. Adapt and set in place an effective incident reporting mechanism for the team. Still ongoing attacks but thanks to incident report planning we were also able to manage not a terrorist attack but the recent cyclone effectively.
- Wish: spend time in considering different risk scenarios during the whole project life cycle vs only at start as things change continuously and humans and nature are unpredictable. What helped us in this scenario were: Risk / situation analysis, P for Political, E for Economic, S for Social, T for Technological, L for Legal and E for Environmental adapting and outsourcing skills through our peace building contacts and taping into networks and have an efficient incident management capacity and capability.
- Mongolia, the land of the eternal blue sky. Nadaam festival photo. Thankfully the riders were not fuelled by Vodka unlike some of the spectators. Under this EU funded project we wanted to support modernising Mongolia’s standardisation system. Help towards: Ensure trading products (such as food) internationally meeting international standards to be less resilient on their mining sector Ensure more safety for customers for example when important baby products
- Issue: All ready to go. As we started: whole Government changed. As a first step: revising standard law – need approval from MPs. Study tour to UK/Belgium as per the work plan. Good start but on second day: Eurostar debacle. 2 hours and delegate with 11 brand new iPhones later we located them on Bond street. What went wrong? No full buy-in. No stake in the project and saw this as a jolly vs actual learning Our fault in not properly communicating the message
- Stakeholder mgmt: I wish I’d understood: Spending more time with the stakeholders and creating the dialogue Building trust and buy in from day one. Understand the local culture. Tools and comms: We used a complex PM tool then and simplification is key to get mutual understanding Clarity and repeat message: working with different cultural backgrounds and languages Understand my teams and projects to understand what tool is right
- Still: simplicity and breaking down of complexity helps. Deming’s good old PDCA circle helps us to analyse, implement and check. Only thing that I would add is quick actioning and sharing. In the development aid and conservation context it’s important to share your best practices with others so that positive change can be replicated and scaled up. ---------------------------------------------------- Deming circle Plan: identify and analyse the problem or opportunity, develop hypotheses about what the issues may be, and decide which one to test. Do: test the potential solution, ideally on a small scale, and measure the results. Check/Study: study the result, measure effectiveness, and decide whether the hypothesis is supported or not. Act: if the solution was successful, implement and/or replicate it.
- Our journey to show some practical lessons learned to adapt. To deliver impact and behaviour change I had to adapt and change some of my own behaviours. As I started at ZSL I was keen to apply my learnings. And a project which I am particularly proud to be part of is Net-Works. CLICK Photo: Typical coastal community in Phils. Too many people, too much pollution and too few fish. Poverty also drives pollution and habitat degradation. Sachet example Solution: Holistic solution vs plastics alone - ZSL created an initiative called Net-Works were we are looking at sustainable business models linked to conservation.
- We try to tackle the issues holistically in five ways: 1: Comm banks: We help the coastal communities do become more resilient through community banking which is managed by village members themselves as most don’t have access to bank accounts. 2: Reduce plastic: we work with innovators to create biodegradable plastics out of the seaweed which then can be used by the communities. 3: Multi habitat Conservation: As part of the environmental and social standards, we require that communities actively engage in the creation and enforcement of a marine protected area that contains areas where they can’t fish so fish stocks regenerate – that incorporates coral reefs, mangroves and seagrasses Climate change: Utilising extensive mangrove restoration as they are one of the best protections in times of typhoons and climate change 5: Economic engine: We are recycling waste fishing nets and use seaweed farming as an economic engine. The plastics are recycled in Europe and the seaweed produces the binding agent carrageenan, which is highly in demand internationally. The margins that we make from buying and selling nets and seaweed into the local and global supply chain ensure sustainability of the activities, and also provide an investment proposition allowing us to access new forms of capital to help grow the model.
- The results are evident: 220 tonnes of fishing nets – 5 times around world! 88 of community banks, with more than 1,700 members. Healthier environment for over 60,000 people Behaviour change of people evident – seeing benefit of environment protection Cameroon and Indonesia My earlier learned skills were important: As in Mongolia: understanding on stakeholder and team buy-in was crucial to get communities on board. As in Mozambique: set up an effective incident reporting mechanism when a typhoons devasted the country last year. As in Sri Lanka: look at holistic solutions vs tackling only one issue.
- Context: PM not always tech experts / beauty of continuous learning Adaption is not an option but a must if we want to become better Understanding the context helps to deliver impact but can be also enriching on a personal level. Team: Understand the project/context before you hire. Getting the right team with the technical skills important but essential: right attitudes and behaviours. A project is only as strong as its team Simplicity: focus on solutions which enable work instead putting an additional layer of work. Review carefully the needs of the project or organization before purchase or build any tools. Use the system which is meeting your need vs trying to get the latest software or PM tool. Interconnectivity: look at issues holistically and the interconnectivity between things. Silo work, as part of the company, country of world out dated – in my area of work we need to collaborate across sectors if we want to deliver impact.
- Wrap up our journey: final photo taken in Feb. Guardhouse in the Danajon double barrier reef and it’s role Solar panel vs diesel engine Lead by community vs us suggesting Summarize good aid work: empowering others to make a positive change for people and planet. I believe that this is made possible through adaption and power of project management.