Structured innovation for PM - TRIZ problem solving method

Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch
Theory of Inventive
Problem Solving
TRIZ

Copyright Oxford Creativity 20072
Please ask
questions,
there are no
stupid ones

Oxford TRIZ
Simple but powerful
tools for BIG Problems
Oxford TRIZ
illustrated
by Clive Goddard

Oxford Creativity
Founded 1998
Mission to make TRIZ easy to use &
understand
Developed Oxford TRIZ
Started with TRIZ for Engineering
Oxford TRIZ now across all industries
& solved over 1000 difficult problems in
• Management
• Public Services
• Science
• Pharma
• FMCG
•Intellectual Property
Energy, Oil & Gas, Engineering etc…

TRIZ for Dummies shows TRIZ is for
everyone – not just engineers

We often think Genius = inspiration =
big leaps to the new best answers?
TRIZ helps you think like a genius
but by logical, step by step methods

Completes &
Complements
Other toolkits
Only Toolkit
With
SOLUTIONS
TRIZ =
Complete
Toolkit
Tell
me about
TRIZ…
TRIZ for Problem
Understanding
AND
Problem Solving
Helps you locate
all the high
quality solutions
Even ones you
don’t know &
could never have
got from just
Brainstorming

TRIZ AND other toolkits for
problem understanding

Non TRIZ toolkits offer random
processes for problem solving

Only TRIZ – unique processes & concepts
for problem solving

When it doesn’t work
It involves sifting
through all the
information
BRAINSTORMING
Uses random
processes to access
some useful solutions

Fast access to
relevant information &
effective systematic
rapid problem solving

The Prism of TRIZ for
Analogous Thinking
World’s
conceptual
problems
World’s
conceptual
solutions
Your
problem
Your
solution
?
Door Seals
Look at a problem in its most
basic way - open your mind
to analogous solutions to
access the World’s solutions

Solve the Quadratic Equation
3x2+5x+2=0

Brainstorm or use proven solutions?
Specific
Solution
X = -1, -2/3
Abstract
Solution
Abstract
Problem
Specific
Problem

World’s
conceptual
problems
World’s
conceptual
solutions
Your
problem
Your
solution
World’s Problems
& Solutions in
Patents Database
Traditional Approach
Trigger Specific
Application
Abstraction
The TRIZ Approach - Re-use of the World’s Best
Inventions & Technology

The TRIZ Community summarised all the good
solutions in science & engineering to reduce
them from many ideas to their basic concepts
How many solutions are in the world?
How many
CONCEPTS?
Mechanical
engineering
ideas
Physics
ideas
Chemistry
ideas
Material
science ideas
Electrical
engineering
ideas

I
n
n
o
v
a
t
i
o
n
TRIZ
uses
old
good
ideas
in
new
ways

Achievements
of Altshuller
& his TRIZ
Community
Analysed thousands & thousands of patents & papers
Recognised & mapped the underlying patterns
Trajectory map from the past to present into the future
Revealed simple concept lists - all known solutions
‘Bottled’ how to be innovative & how to invent

Fast & Fun
Tell
me about
TRIZ…
Enables teams
to work well
together
Helps everyone deliver
lots of high quality
solutions
You locate
best solutions -
mobilises your
brain power
Collaborative
inclusive &
encouraging

Problem Solving = applying experience?
TRIZ helps us learn to react & solve problems in the best ways
& ensures we access our relevant knowledge and experience

TRIZ breaks all the Blocks to
Innovation & Clear Thinking
Psychological Inertia

When acquiring knowledge we are taught to focus
on domain knowledge

Our Pit of
Experience &
Education
becomes a
comfortable place
& we stay
in our space -
Less aware of
other / unknown
Knowledge
from the rest
of the World

Our
Experience
&
Education
should be
a booster
(not a blocker)
to help us
see & use the
World’s
Knowledge

TRIZ for difficult innovative problems

What is ?
A set of
systematic
thinking tools
to help you
improve
systems in
innovative
ways
An attitude
to problem
solving that
can change the
way you deal
with any kind
of problem
A way of
accessing the
collective
creativity of
humanity
(no, really!)

TRIZ Golden Rules
- distillation of the world’s knowledge …
40
Inventive
Principles
for Solving
Contradictions
8
Trends of
Technical
Evolution
for New &
Future Products
76
Standard
Solutions
24 for Harms
35 for Insufficiency
17- for detection &
measurement
1,000s
Effects
The right
questions with
the answers for
HOW TO?
Questions
TRIZ has all recorded solutions distilled into 4 simple lists
TRIZ = systematic ways for defining and understanding problems
and then using the lists above to solve them

Various TRIZ Tools for different problems

Embrace Contradictions!
Get everything you want - both small & BIG

All systems
have
predictable
Evolution
8 TRIZ
Trends

TRIZ helps us solve Contradictions
with just 40 Principles
I want a bike helmet THERE (when I have a crash)
and NOT THERE (at all other times)

Fundamental Approaches
Bad Solutions
Ideal Outcome
Resources
Contradictions

Let’s think about a problem..........
Creative people
love problems
because
they enjoy
jumping to
solutions & they
are good at it!

PROBLEM!
Everyone
thinks
of
answers
FAST!

My Bad Solution
We all love our own Solutions
– my ugly baby – my bad
solution
Once I see my solution
I can’t see anything else
My solution came from my
creativity and my experience and
my genius
Solutions are both
GOOD & BAD
A good starting point
for TRIZ problem solving
& helps overcome when
management are
pushing one
BAD SOLUTION

Ideality
Requirements
Everyone’s Benefits
& acceptable
costs & harms
(constraints)
BAD Solution Parks
Essential first step in problem solving
Current
System
functions features
& resources

Define EVERYTHING you want

Problems
Problems
SYSTEM
we’ve got
SYSTEM
we want
NEEDS
Everyone’s
Benefits
NEEDS
Everyone’s
Benefits
IDEAL
SYSTEM
fulfils
all needs
Problems = gaps between the System
& all / everyone’s NEEDS/BENEFITS

When we want something
We jump straight to a solution!
Often far from IDEAL

Approach solutions from both sides?

Made
by engineers
for engineers
(so it
works)
Clever
unique
(& Russian)
Biggest study
of Creativity
& Innovation
ever
undertaken
Tell
me about
TRIZ…
TRIZ delivers
FAST creativity
innovation &
problem solving
TRIZ is not just
for engineers
Works on all
problems such as
Sustainability
Thousands of engineers & scientists worked
for decades studying all patents to find the
4 TRIZ lists = 100 answers to everything

IDEAL SYSTEM
Visualising the Ideal
helps us understand
BOTH
What you want
&
How to get it
using Resources....

Sustainable Resources

Use Existing Resources

Resources - Fuel
of Innovation
Become very sensitive to NOT
wasting the Resources we’ve got
(which is anything already there)
very close to the problem zone
very close to the problem time
free and readily available (before
bringing in extra costs / inputs)
Be aware of Wasted Opportunities
vs..
Intelligent use of Resources

Works on any problem…What do you do with
Drunken groups late at night???

TRIZ Solution - use cheap, available
resources to minimise the problems

MMM (world
association of
mothers)
solved this in
parts of Paris,
by applying old
solutions as if
we lived in a
village
People were calling on Government to
sort out frightening ‘hoodies

Use old solutions to
solve new problems

Ideal System
all benefits
(& almost) no costs & harms
through clever use
of available Resources

Capture each ugly baby / bad solution
Starting point
BAD Solution Parks
Fill the Park with everyone’s solutions
– they all have some creative and
engineering genius
Solutions contain analysis of
requirements and systems
Something GOOD and BAD – reveals and
uncovers CONTRADICTIONS
The best solutions often come from
combining everyone’s solutions
Solutions are both
GOOD & BAD
They are a good
starting point for
TRIZ problem solving

Any situation where we want
conflicting requirements
Do we always solve / recognise
contradictions or do we compromise?
We need practice to uncover contradictions
What is a Contradiction?
I want a more powerful engine but
it gets heavier
I want an umbrella big when it rains and
small to carry
I want a door there and not there when I
want to pass through

Small / Big

Technical Contradiction
Improve one thing & something else gets worse
I want
a table that is
strong … but
also light

TRIZ solves Technical Contradictions

Beware of words like OPTIMIZE or Sweet point-
relevant to Goldilocks not to engineers

So for a table I want to make it robust but I don’t want to make it heavier
Altshuller’s team
created a 39 x 39
Contradiction Matrix
Directs us to which
Inventive Principles
solve our contradiction
Contradictions are classified
in terms of 39 Technical
Parameters
to define Technical
Contradictions they
describe BOTH
Vertical axis
Improving Parameter / What gets better
Horizontal axis
What gets worse / Worsening Parameter
Robust =14 Strength (Improving) Heavier = 2 Weight (Worsening)
TRIZ solves Technical Contradictions
with the Contradiction Matrix

Solutions for Strength vs. Weight
40 26
27 1
40
Composite Materials
26
Copying
27
Cheap Short living Objects
1
Segmentation
Principles suggested by matrix:

What do we want? Strong AND Light!

Physical Contradictions

Physical
Contradiction
opposite
features
at different times
Short
AND
Long

I want a pile that is sharp and not-sharp
Sharp pile
Physical Contradiction
Blunt pile Typical pile
FEATURE sharp makes it easier to drive it into the ground
OPPOSITE FEATURE blunt is good for load bearing
How can we have both?

Get both / opposite Solutions
by solving physical contradictions
How?
Separate
the opposite solutions to opposite benefits
with opposite functions / features
...in time ...in space

Solving of Physical Contradiction
1. A simple solution - a sharp pile.
2. The pile changes to the opposite solution - a blunt pile
3. Pile is easy to drive in AND the pile can carry great load Changing
the Solution transforms from sharp to blunt

A very Russian solution
An explosive charge is lowered into a
hollowed out pile, set into the ground.
The resulting explosion forms a cavity
into which concrete is poured. Thus the
concrete pile is easy to drive into the
ground but can carry great load
Another Physical Contradiction Solution

Separate in Time: get opposite features at
different times by trying the following
1 Segmentation
7 Nested Doll
9 Prior Counteraction
10 Prior Action
11 Cushion in Advance
15 Dynamics
16 Partial or Excessive Action
18 Mechanical Vibration
19 Periodic Action
20 Continuity of Useful Action
21 Rushing Through
24 Intermediary
26 Copying
27 Cheap Short-living Objects
29 Pneumatics and Hydraulics
34 Discarding and Recovering
37 Thermal Expansion

I want my plate cold at the rim but
hot where the food is
Separate
in
Space

TRIZ is derived from Patent Research
40
Inventive Principles
All the ways
to solve a
contradiction
All
design problems
contain
contradictions
These are solved /
overcome by
applying the 40
Principles
TRIZ has identified
the 40 world’s solutions for solving a contradiction

The Two Types of Contradictions
I make something better
BUT
Something else gets worse
Technical Contradictions Physical
Contradictions
OPPOSITE
SOLUTIONS
Benefits / Features

Thinking in
Time & Scale

Time & Scale
problem understanding & solving

Clever and Creative Individuals
Think about solutions without constraints
(initially they don’t judge and therefore squash any emerging
ideas as impracticable or wacky)
The TRIZ tool for helping us think without constraints is the
Ideal Outcome or Ideal Final Result
Which also helps us think of many more solutions
AND they also think about the problem
in the context of Time & Scale
Thinking in Time & Scale is another powerful TRIZ tool

Thinking in Time & Scale
Understanding the whole picture
- both context & detail
Past Present Future
Super-
System
System
Sub-
System
Acorn
Plain Forest House
DNA
Tree
Wood
(Table)
Leaf
Wood
Details
(Scratched Red tables)

Thinking in Time & Scale

Which
way to go
North?
N
Good Decisions & Clear Thinking
need the Right Problem Scope

Is Your
Picture
Big
Enough?
N

is about improving systems
System
problems
usually have
contradictions
and there are
40 ways of
solving them
The same Problems
and Solutions appear
again and again but
in different industries.
To overcome this
duplication we need
analogous thinking –
analogous needs
concept/idea
TRIZ solutions
are in essence
very general and not
associated with any
particular
technology. It is this
which enables you
to use the TRIZ and
world’s knowledge
base
Altshuller “You can wait a hundred years for enlightenment or
you can solve the problem in 15 minutes.”
Creative /
Talented
thinking can
be learned

Our Company Values say YES
to innovation BUT our Company
Culture says NO to risk
TRIZ offers low risk Innovation

TRIZ Delivers Solved Problems
“Without having to refer to the course material, I’ve found that the TRIZ workshop has already altered how I
think about problems.” March 2015
“The best workshop I have been to. Excellent trainers, energetic, enthusiastic about the topic taught, different in
style as well... I feel very excited about the TRIZ methodology and can’t wait to put it in practise” June 2014
Using a Facilitated TRIZ Workshop help us identify issues in two days that would have taken months using
traditional approaches” October 2009
'Oxford Creativity were a catalyst for our creativity.' June 2008

Contact
Oxford Creativity
karen.gadd@triz.co.uk
www.triz.co.uk
lilly.haines-gadd@triz.co.uk
+44 (0)1993 882461
TRIZ Innovation Centre
6-7 Bankside
Hanborough Business Park
Oxon OX29 8LJ

Structured innovation for PM - TRIZ problem solving method

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