line, texture and shape

1. ELEMENTS OF ART
• LINE
• TEXTURE
• SHAPE

2. The line

3. B- THE LINE
The line is a simple graphics element
that we use to make shapes and
forms. When a dot moves it leaves a
trace that we see as a line.
Depending of the movement, lines
can be straight, curved, broken, wavy,
open, closed, etc
One of the most important functions
of the line is to assemble shapes in
order to create images. To draw a
shape, we use contour lines that
define objects.
We give a shape a sense of volume
and depth when we shade it with
lines. We can shade dark areas by
drawing parallel lines close together
or shade lighter areas by spacing the
lines further apart.

5. Types of lines

8. SOME VOCABULARY ABOUT LINES:
Zig Zag or Broken lines: They are formed by fragments of several
straight lines with different directions.
Wavy line: They are formed by several fragments of curved lines.
Curly lines: they hold more curves than wavy lines and show loops.
Scribble: Chaotic or meaningless lines that are traced randomly,
ususally in first stages of chilhood or to fill in some area with a
particular texture.
Hatching: It is a way of shading or giving tones to the areas of objects
or surfaces with parallel lines.
Cross-Hatching: It is a way of shadding areas of a drawing or surfaces
with parallel lines in several directions.
Dashed (or do ed) lines:They are lines which are not continous,
formed by little traces or dots.
Blurred: They are very soft or vanished so they are hard to see and
opposite to intense and deep.
Simple Lines: Those that are formed by one only line. Composite lines:
They are lines composed by fragments of several straight or curved
lines.

10. EXPRESSIVENESS OF LINES
Vertical lines expressiveness: They express an
ascendent or descendent movement, depending
on how they are used.

11. Horizontal lines
expressiveness:
They produce visual
feeling of stability
and calmness or
tranquility, but they
can be monotone if
they are used too
much.

12. Skew lines expressiveness: They produce
unsteadiness and movement feelings. These
feelings give inclined lines the sensation of
dynamism.

14. ARTISTS AND MOVEMENTS THAT USE
LINES:
What kind of lines use these artists?

15. Goya

16. Schiele

17. Klimt

18. Picasso

20. Matisse

21. TEXTURE

22. • The texture is the visual and tactile quality of
the all surfaces around us. Surfaces are made
of different materials and each one of them
can be smooth, rough, hard, so , etc.

23. Natural and artificial texture
There are many examples of beautiful texture in
nature: orange peel, tree bark, the surface of
certain rocks and stones, etc. which can help us
recognize their form and use.

24. Unlike natural texture, artificial textures are
created and designed by human being of a
specific purpose (functional, aesthetic...) to give
a sense of volume.

25. Visual textures

26. Artistic texture
Artistic textures are the special qualities that
artist give to the surface of their art work.
Painters like Vincent van Gogh, Gustav klimt, use
very interesting artistic textures to bring out
beauty and expressiveness using different
techniques.

27. Shape

28. SHAPES
SHAPE can be defined as the extern appearance
of the bodies (objects, animals or human
beings). Each form is determined by different
qualities: color, texture, size and their position in
the space.

29. Outline: It is the line enclosing the shape of an
object in a drawing or image. In art . it is sometimes
called contour.
Silhouette: It is a shape filled up with a solid color,
just like a shade.
Infill: The inner part of a shape. It is usually formed
by lines, dots, colors and
textures.

30. KIND OF SHAPES
According to their origin
•Naturals are those which have not been made
them by men, like owers, animals,...
•Artificials are those which have been made by
men, like a chair, a table,...

31. According to their structure
•Organics are those which have an irregular surface
and profile.

32. •Geometric are those related with mathematics
(square, rectangle, circle,...)

33. •Flat shapes only have two dimensions.

34. •Volumetric. Their appearance represent three
dimensions. For example a ball, a sculpture,..

35. MORE ABOUT SILHOUETTES
• Chinese hands shadowing is a very ancient way to represent mostly
animals.
Tam Gram is an ancient Chinese game which consist in silhoutt es
searching or guessing from some polygons that form a full square
silhouette or combined differently infinite shapes.
Some street artist use stencils to achieve their paints, Stencil is a
pefect technique to represent any kind of silhouettes.

36. Stencil. Banksy

38. The trafic (or any kind)of signs which need to
comunicate any information usually use
silhouettes to represent the idea they need to
show.

39. TYPES OF IMAGES OR DEPICTIONS DEPENDING
ON THE WAY THEY HAVE BEEN DONE:

40. Sketched image or sketch: Consists on the first
aproach to depicting an image. They ususally don’t
show any color, and they used a simple outline
drawing with basic figures composing the image.

41. • Image distortion: The author of this kind of drawings
or paints represents the image distorting the original
model or image, That is changing its proportions or
showing the figures somehow moved.

43. WAY OF INTERPRETING ART
According to different ways to see art, artists represent
forms in their own manner, creating many artistic styles.
We can summarize them in three groups.
Realism. When an image represents real objects or
scenes with a high level of detail almost photographic.

44. Figuration. When an image represents real
objects or scenes. These can be represented
with different levels of iconicity.

45. Abstraction. When the forms of the image are
not related with real forms and we cannot
recognize them.