drugs obtained from flower, topic of medicinal plants

1. Drugs from flower
4/26/2021 1

2. Introduction
• A medicinal plant is a plant that has similar properties as
conventional pharmaceutical drugs.
• Medicinal plants can be considered to include all plant material
such as leaf, root, flower, fruit and seeds which may be used as
such or in the form of extract or chemical compounds isolated
from them to produce medicines.
4/26/2021 2

3. Use of medicinal plants
• At present 80 percent of the population in developing
countries relay on plant based drugs for their health care
needs.
• 30 percent of the drugs sold worldwide contain compounds
derived from plant material.
4/26/2021 3

4. Saffron
Botanical origin
It is dried stigmas and tops of style of Crocus
sativus L., Crocus sativus commonly known
as saffron crocus or autumn crocus.
Family: Iridaceae
Geographical source
This is a herb, cultivated in kashmir and
Chaubattia, in Utter predesh.
4/26/2021 4

5. Active constituents
1. Saffron contains more than 150 volatile and aroma-yielding
compounds. It also has many non-volatile active components,
many of which are carotenoids and various α- and β- carotenes.
2. The bitter glycoside picrocrocin is responsible for saffron’s
flavour.
3. Saffrons golden yellow-orange colour is primarily the result of α-
crocin.
4. Essential oil containing terpenes, terpene alcohol and esters.
4/26/2021 5

6. Uses
• The dried stigmas and tops of the style make the saffron of
commerce. It is of medicinal value.
• Saffron is mild stimulant, stomachic, carminative,
antispasmodic, nerve sedative, mild narcotic, diuretic and
emmenagogue. It is a remedy for promoting menstruation.
• It is also used in fevers, hysteria, flatulent colic, asthma,
leucorrhoea, piles and catarrhal diseases of childern.
4/26/2021 6

7. • Saffron is used as a spice that has possible anti-carcinogenic
(cancer-suppressing), anti-mutagenic (mutation-preventing),
and antioxidant-like properties.
• It has been used as a fabric dye (natural dye).
• Natural colouring matter for food industry, cosmetics and
medicines.
• Saffron stigmas and even petals may be helpful for depression.
4/26/2021 7

8. Iron wood
Botanical origin
Mesua ferrea Linn.,
Family: Guttiferae Eng. Ironwood;
Hindi─Banafsha.
Geographical source
A tree, found in the Eastern Himalayas,
Assam, West Bengal, the Western Ghats,
Travancore and the Andaman Islands.
4/26/2021 8

9. uses
The stamens yield the drug known as
nagakesara. The seeds and heartwood
contain anti-inflammatory properties.
Volatile oil from the flowers showed
antibacterial activities and it is used to
cure cough and indigestion. The
flowers are astringent and stomachic.
The dried flowers are given in
vomiting, dysentery, coughs, thirst,
irritability of the stomach, excessive
perspiration and bleeding pile.
4/26/2021 9

10. German chamomile
Botanical origin:
Dried flower-head of
Matricaria chamomilla L.,
Family: Asteraceae
Geographical sources:
Western Asia, Europe, north
Africa.
4/26/2021 10

11. Active constituents
(1) Volatile oil (0.3-2%)
including sesquiterpenes
bisabolol (up to 50%)
Chamazulence (1-15%)
bisabolol oxides A and B
proazulence (matricarin and matrin)
(2) Flavonoilds , apigenin , apigenin glycoside,
quercetin, rutin.
(3) Coumarins: umbelliferone and heniarin
4/26/2021 11

12. Other constituents
- Phenolic carboxylic acids
- Polysaccharides
- Mucilage
- Choline
- Amino acids
- And tannins
4/26/2021 12

13. Uses
Internal uses
-carminative
-antispasmodic
-mild sedative
-anti- inflammatory
-anti-septic
-anti-catarrhal
-travel sickness
-dyspepsia
-nervous diarrhea
-peptic ulcer
4/26/2021 13

14. External uses
• For hemorrhoids
• Leg ulcer
• Skin & mucous membrane diseases
• Bacterial diseases (oral cavity and gums)
• Inflammation & irritation of the respiratory tract
4/26/2021 14

15. Lavender flower
Botanical origin: it is the dried flower
of Lavandula angustifolia
Family: Lamiaceae
Geographical origin: It is Native to
the old world and is found in cape
verde and the Canary islands, and
from Europe across to northern
and eastern Africa, the
Mediterranean region, south asia.
4/26/2021 15

16. Powdered lavender
Character
• Colour: earthy grey
• Odour: fragrant aromatic
• Taste: somewhat camphoraceous
Active constituents
Fresh flowering spikes:
1- Volatile oil (0.8-2.8%)
2- Tannins (5-10%)
3-Coumarins
4-flavonoids (luteolin)
4/26/2021 16

17. External uses
-Burn –sunburns
-Rheumatism
-muscular pain
-Insect and snake bite
-Head lice
-General relaxant, especially in baths relieves irritability, exhaustion
and depression
-in perfumery, deodorant, in shampoo, to scent linen and to perfume
baths
4/26/2021 17

18. -fumigating cloths to keep them free from moths.
Internal uses
-Digestive tonic and carminative to relieve flatulence
-It is also calms the nerves, tension ,headache and migraine
4/26/2021 18

19. Red sorrel
Botanical origin: It consists of
dried calyx and epi-calyx of the
flowers of Hibiscus sabdariffa
Family: Malvaceae
Geographical origin: Indiginous to
subtropical regions, south of
Egypt, Nuba & Sudan
4/26/2021 19

20. Active constituents
1-Organic acids(15%)
-citric acid
-tartaric acid
-malic acid
-hibiscus acid
2-Large amounts of mucilage
3-Colouring matter of anthocyanins
4-Tannins & Vitamin C
4/26/2021 20

21. Uses
1-Substitute for coffee, tea for caffeine sensitive persons
2-It decreases blood pressure of hypertensive persons while exert no effect
on normal persons.
3-Emollient and sedative
4-Source of vitamin C
5-Mild laxative
6-It gives an euphoric impression
7-Intestinal anti-septic and diuretic
8-Weight reducing agent
9-Red colouring matter is used in cosmatics, jams and as a poultice for the
treatment of abscesses.
4/26/2021 21

22. Red rose
Botanical origin: It is dried
petals of Rosa indica
Family: Rosaceae
Geographical source:
Cultivated as a garden
plant in numerous places,
everywhere
4/26/2021 22

23. Active constituents
• The rose petals contain:
1-Volatile oil (0.03%) contains
-15-20% colourless solid stearoptene
-Liquid part consists of alcohols; geraniol, citronellol and phenyl
ethanol esters.
2-Flavonoid: Quercetin
3-Gallic acid and tannins
4/26/2021 23

24. Uses
• The petals used medicinally as an agreeable astringent vehicle
or as a colouring agent.
• The oil is used as flavouring agent in many industries.
• A good astringent jam for children in cases of diarrhea.
• In perfumes industry
• Rose gives rose water used as tonic
4/26/2021 24

25. • Roses contain a good deal of vitamin C and are very safe for
human consumption. The petals can be eaten raw to increase
blood circulation, and they also relieve depression. Rose tea
acts as a mild laxative. A paste or cream made from petals
does wonders to improve the condition of the skin, especially
on the face.
4/26/2021 25

26. Sunflower
Helianthus annuus is known as sunflower.
Its common name is soorajmukhi. The
plant is named so as the flower always
faces the sun in day time.
uses
Sunflower is an edible medicinal plant. The
tender leaf petioles, seeds and flower are
edible and are used in treatment of variety
of ailments. Leaves are expectorant,
diuretic and astringent. The intake of
sunflower leaf tea helps to reduce fever.
4/26/2021 26

27. Terminology
Roborant: A strenghtening agent
Sarcocele: Fleshy swelling or tumor of the testis.
Scald: the lesion caused by contact
with a hot liquid or vapour.
Scalding of urine: Severe burning sensation during micturation.
4/26/2021 27

28. Scleritis: Inflammation of sclera.
Scrofula: Tuber culus cervical adenites
with or without ulceration.
Scurvy: Deficiency disease due to lack of vitamin C
4/26/2021 28

29. Sialogogue: An agent that increase the flow of saliva.
Sinovitis: Inflammation of synovial membrane of a joint.
4/26/2021 29

30. Sinusitis: Inflammation affecting the mural epithelium of a
sinus.
4/26/2021 30

31. Somatalgia: Bodily pain
Scabies: Sarcoptic infestation of human skin
particularly a contagious skin disease caused by
invasion of the epidermis.
4/26/2021 31

32. THANK YOU
4/26/2021 32